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化学通报 1983年第7期 11-12+22页

作者： O.j.simpson 卞有生北京市环境保护科学研究所

(1)所谓同位素,是A.电子数相同的不同元素的原子B.中子数相同的不同元素的原子C.中子数不同的同种元素的原子

关键词：答案

天然变形的深变质长英质岩石中相边界的活动性:扩散蠕变的证据

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地质科学译丛 1993年第1期10卷 17-23页

作者： Robert j.W.Gower Carol simpson 宋媛 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences the Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD21218 USA

引言显微构造分析的目的之一,是辨别在变形时或其后控制岩石的相和颗粒边界的形成和运动的颗粒尺度的过程.同构造的颗粒边界运动或动态结晶的结构证据已在实验和天然变形的矿物中认出.一般认为这种重结晶是一个守恒过程,通过材料单矿物... 详细信息

引言显微构造分析的目的之一,是辨别在变形时或其后控制岩石的相和颗粒边界的形成和运动的颗粒尺度的过程.同构造的颗粒边界运动或动态结晶的结构证据已在实验和天然变形的矿物中认出.一般认为这种重结晶是一个守恒过程,通过材料单矿物区的颗粒边界的形成和迁移在化学成分和晶体构造方面仅有轻微的变化.但是,地球化学研究表明,在许多天然变形中,化学引起的物质转移是普遍的.它将会造成颗粒形态组构,这不仅是等化学的动态重结晶,而且也是由于颗粒尺度的反应和扩散所造成的.

关键词：长英质岩石深变质相边界蠕变

Everything you always wanted to know about metallic hydrogen but were afraid to ask

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2020年第3期5卷 25-30页

作者： Eugene Gregoryanz Cheng ji Philip Dalladay-simpson Bing Li Ross T.Howie Ho-Kwang Mao Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FDUnited Kingdom Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Shanghai 201203China Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

The hydrogen molecule is made from the first and lightest element in the periodic *** hydrogen gas is either compressed or cooled,it forms the simplest molecular *** solid exhibits many interesting and fundamental physical *** is believed that if the density of the solid is increased by compressing it to very high pressures,hydrogen will transform into the lightest known metal with very unusual and fascinating properties,such as room temperature superconductivity and/or *** this article,we provide a critical look at the numerous claims of hydrogen metallization and the current experimental state of affairs.

关键词： hydrogen metallic solid

Evaluation of Real-Time 16S rDNA PCR and Pyrosequencing for Routine Identification of Bacteria in joint Fluid and Tissue Specimens

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Open journal of Medical Microbiology 2011年第1期1卷 1-6页

作者： Naomi j. Gadsby Alev Onen Sally-Anne Phillips Luke Tysall Steffen j. Breusch Hamish simpson jayshree Dave Elzbieta Czarniak Kate E. Templeton 不详

16S rDNA PCR and sequencing are powerful tools for bacterial detection and identification, although their routine use is not currently widespread in the field of clinical microbiology. The availability of pyrosequencing now makes 16S rDNA assays more accessible to routine diagnostic laboratories, but this approach has had limited evaluation in general diagnostic practice. In this study we evaluated a real-time 16S rDNA PCR and pyrosequencing assay for use in a routine microbiology laboratory, by retrospectively testing joint fluid and joint tissue specimens received for conventional culture. We found that use of the real-time 16S rDNA assay was clinically valuable in this specimen type because it enabled us to identify a small number of culture-negative infections. Although faster and less labour-intensive, we found that the utility of pyrosequencing for pathogen identification is still hampered by shorter read lengths compared to conventional (Sanger) sequencing. Combining results from both molecular and conventional culture methods, bacteria were only detected in 11.8% specimens in this study. However, the detection rate was increased to 18.6% if specimens were only included from patients with a documented clinical suspicion of infection. In conclusion, while pyrosequencing had significant advantages in speed and ease-of-use over conventional sequencing, multiple reactions will be required to deliver comparable species-level identification, thus negating many of the benefits of using the technique. We found that 16S rDNA PCR and sequencing should be rationally targeted on the basis of good clinical information in the routine diagnostic setting, and not used as a general screening test for the exclusion of bacterial infection in joint specimens.

关键词： 16S rRNA Real-Time PCR Sequencing Pyrosequencing Orthopaedic Infection

Extremely low-volume, high-intensity interval training improves exercise capacity and increases mitochondrial protein content in human skeletal muscle

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Open journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2013年第4期3卷 202-210页

作者： jasmin K. Ma Trisha D. Scribbans Brittany A. Edgett j. Colin Boyd Craig A. simpson jonathan P. Little Brendon j. Gurd Department of Emergency Medicine Kingston General Hospital Kingston Canada Department of Health and Social Development University of British Columbia Okanagan Kelowna Canada Department of Kinesiology Queen’s University Kingston Canada

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whole-muscle content of several proteins involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial protein content and anaerobic capacity following 4 weeks of extremely low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIT). Methods: Young, healthy, recreationally active adult males (n = 8) trained 4 times a week for 4 weeks on a cycle ergometer. Each session involved 4 min of total exercise comprised of eight 20 s intervals at ~170% of peak aerobic power separated by 10 s rest. Muscle biopsies were taken prior to (pre) and ~72 hrs post-training (post). Par- ticipants completed an incremental peak oxygen up- take (VO2peak) test and a Wingate test pre-, mid-, and post-training. Results: VO2peak was elevated (p p < 0.05) and post-training (pre: 40.5 ± 3.8 ml·kg-1·min-1, mid: 43.4 ± 2.5 ml·kg-1·min-1, post-: 47.2 ± 2.9 ml·kg-1·min-1). Wingate mean power also increased with training (pre-: 701.0 ± 73.0 W, mid-: 745.5 ± 73.3 W, post-: 786.8 ± 80.0 W). While maximal citrate synthase activity was unchanged, protein expression of the mitochondrial protein cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunit I (+27%;p p p = 0.08) increased. Increases (p α (+19%), and nuclear PGC-1α (+46%) were also observed after 4 weeks of HIT. No changes were observed in the whole-muscle contents of PDHe1a, PDK4, SIRT1, mTOR, S6K1, MCT1, or PFK protein. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that several mitochondrial protein (but not citrate synthase activity), PGC-1α protein content, and exercise capacity can be improved in only 4 min of total training time per day, 4 days per wk using HIT cycle training.

关键词： PGC-1α Mitochondrial Biogenesis High-Intensity Interval Training SIRT1 Aerobic Fitness

移动学习的案例研究及内容分析——以mGage项目为例

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现代教育技术 2011年第8期21卷 14-19页

作者：王敏娟 Toni Barone Scott simpson Victor Leister 圣地亚哥州立大学教育技术系美国加州圣地亚哥92182

文章首先对移动学习在中小学课堂中的应用、移动学习的形式和信息设计进行了文献综述。在此基础上,又对美国圣地亚哥州立大学教育技术系开展的mGage项目进行了案例分析。研究者设计出一套详细的评价工具,从视觉吸引力、认知过程、资源... 详细信息

文章首先对移动学习在中小学课堂中的应用、移动学习的形式和信息设计进行了文献综述。在此基础上,又对美国圣地亚哥州立大学教育技术系开展的mGage项目进行了案例分析。研究者设计出一套详细的评价工具,从视觉吸引力、认知过程、资源质量等16个维度评估学生的WebQuest作品。结果显示,参加移动学习的实验组的得分明显高于对照组。统计分析表明,使用移动设备进行学习的实验组,除了在工具使用维度上具有明显优势外,在认知过程维度和资源质量维度的得分也胜过对照组。文章最后对研究进行了反思总结并展望了下一阶段的研究工作,以期为移动学习进入中小学课堂提供有意义的借鉴。

关键词：移动学习 WebQuest 案例研究内容分析

用稳定同位素指示澳大利亚墨累河流域蒸发状况

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灌溉排水 1992年第3期11卷 32-36页

作者： H.j.simpson A.L.Herczeg 段爱旺水利部农田灌溉研究所

一、引言澳大利亚75％以上的作物及牧草灌溉区位于墨累河流域内。目前,流域水质的严重盐化已成为灌溉、民用及工业用水的极大障碍。盐分大部分来源于存贮在地下水及非饱和带中的盐分的淅出,原因是自然植被遭受破坏及大量调水用于灌溉... 详细信息

一、引言澳大利亚75％以上的作物及牧草灌溉区位于墨累河流域内。目前,流域水质的严重盐化已成为灌溉、民用及工业用水的极大障碍。盐分大部分来源于存贮在地下水及非饱和带中的盐分的淅出,原因是自然植被遭受破坏及大量调水用于灌溉。流域内水分及盐分的管理策略是否有效对于依赖墨累河水的农业生产与民用供水的未来都将产生很大的影响。调查墨累河流域地面水中稳定同位素(氘和氧18)的组成。

关键词：灌溉水同位素监测

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《化学选择题习题集》例解

化学教学 1980年第1期 34-36页

作者： O.j.simpson ,王一川

《化学选择题习题集》是供英国高中化学复习和考查化学成绩用的,内容分选择题、分类题、多种组合题、分析和计算题以及实验操作题五部分,共编有一千多道题。这些习题包括有关化学事实材料的、推理的、分析问题的以及实验操作知识和技能... 详细信息

《化学选择题习题集》是供英国高中化学复习和考查化学成绩用的,内容分选择题、分类题、多种组合题、分析和计算题以及实验操作题五部分,共编有一千多道题。这些习题包括有关化学事实材料的、推理的、分析问题的以及实验操作知识和技能的内容。这些习题可以考查学生掌握化学基本概念、基础理论、基本知识和基本技能的理解程度和熟练技巧,也可以培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。因此,这些习题可用作检查学生知识质量的试题,也可用作高中化学复习时的练习题。《化学选择题习题集》从1969年发行以来,近十年里被英美等国广泛采用,1977年经过更新修订,再版发行,深受高中化学教师和大学化学基础课教师的欢迎和赞许。有鉴于此,特选译各部的示范例题和解答,供教师们参考、借鉴。

关键词：选择题氢氧化钠高锰酸钾溶液氯化物组合题

The exploitation of epichloae endophytes for agricultural benefit

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 171-188页

作者： Linda j.johnson Anouck C.M.de Bonth Lyn R.Briggs john R.Caradus Sarah C.Finch Damien j.Fleetwood Lester R.Fletcher David E.Hume Richard D.johnson Alison j.Popay Brian A.Tapper Wayne R.simpson Christine R.Voisey Stuart D.Card AgResearch Ltd Grasslands Research CentreTennent DrivePalmerston North 4442New Zealand AgResearch Ltd Ruakura Research CentreEast StreetHamilton 3214New Zealand AgResearch Ltd Lincoln Research CentreCorner Springs Road and Gerald StreetLincoln 8140New Zealand AgResearch Laboratory of Structural Biology School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Auckland3a Symonds StreetAuckland 1142New Zealand Grasslanz Technology Ltd Tennent DrivePalmerston North 4474New Zealand

Epichloae endophytes of family Clavicipitaceae(comprising genera Epichloëand Neotyphodium)are fungal symbionts of Pooideae *** associations formed,range from mutually beneficial to antagonistic and the nature of this relationship is dependent upon the importance of vertical(via host seeds)versus horizontal(ascospore mediated)transmission of the *** endophytes can enhance their hosts’survival through protection from abiotic and biotic stresses and can thus be utilized in an agricultural ***-safe grass-endophyte associations that confer bio-protective properties for increased pasture persistence and productivity have been developed and *** of the crucial drivers underpinning the selection of epichloae strains for commercial development is endophyte derived *** potential of next generation endophytes is determined by testing a number of attributes such as agronomic fitness,animal and food safety as well as compatibility with host plants of *** research supports these activities by focusing on elucidating mechanisms of compatibility between host and fungal symbiont,as well as investigating other molecular drivers of symbiosis such as siderophore mediated iron-uptake,fungal signalling,fungal growth in host plants and fungal secondary *** review weaves together the different strands of multidisciplinary research aimed at ultimately exploiting epichloae endophytes for increased pasture performance.

关键词： Epichloë Neotyphodium Pooideae Symbiosis Secondary metabolite Toxicology

一个估算长期气象条件对酸性气体最大含量观测值的影响之模式

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高原山地气象研究 1990年第4期22卷 59-63页

作者： R.W.simpson A.j.jakeman 靳小兵成都市气象局大气室

该模式假定:(1)空气污染程度和风速的概率密度函数都呈对数正态分布;(2)就平均状况而言,空气污染程度和风速呈反比。澳大利亚纽卡斯尔的两个酸气监测站及其附近一个风速站的资料满足这种条件。该模式表明,酸气含量变化的50％是直接由风... 详细信息

该模式假定:(1)空气污染程度和风速的概率密度函数都呈对数正态分布;(2)就平均状况而言,空气污染程度和风速呈反比。澳大利亚纽卡斯尔的两个酸气监测站及其附近一个风速站的资料满足这种条件。该模式表明,酸气含量变化的50％是直接由风速变化引起的,另外50％则与排放源或别的气象条件有关。

关键词：空气污染程度气象条件排放源观测值酸性气体对数正态分布纽卡斯尔风速变化空气污染物成反比