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India at crossroads for energy

作者： Hand Richard j.

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第6期12卷 356-360页

作者： Mu Ramkumar M.Santosh Manoj j.Mathew Numair A.Siddiqui Department of Geology Periyar UniversitySalem636011India School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Department of Earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia Shale Gas Research Group Institute of Hydrocarbon RecoveryUniversiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610Seri IskandarMalaysia Department of Geosciences Universiti Teknologi PetronasTronohMalaysia

As one of the fastest growing economies and further larger consumer of energy in the world, there has been a paradigm shift in India’s energy demand. Here we evaluate the growth of Indian economy its, diversification of agriculture-based economy to industrial production, service and digital-technology based economy and deepening of income sources, although the dependence on foreign sources for energy demands has not markedly *** situation has placed India at the crossroads for energy sufficiency, especially under the highly fluid and changing geopolitical, strategic, environmental and economic scenarios of the World order. We attempt to understand the issue from geological perspective and address some of the impediments.

关键词： Economy Energy sources Technology Geological impediments India

High resolution sequence stratigraphy of the Mishrif Formation(Cenomanian-Early Turonian)at zubair oilfield(al-rafdhiah dome),southern Iraq

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 61-71页

作者： Aymen A.Lazim Maher j.Ismail Maher M.Mahdi Geoscience Department Zubair Field Operation DivisionBasra Oil CompanyIraq Basrah Oil Company WQ1 FODBasrahIraq University of Basrah College of ScienceGeology Dept.BasrahIraq

The Mishrif Formation(Cenomanian-E Turonian)is one of the most important geological formations in the Middle East and Iraq because it contains enormous petroleum *** is considered to be the first reservoir in the region,and is still being studied because of its economic *** carbonate of the Mishrif Formation derives from a variety of depositional settings,including mid-ramp,shoal,lagoon,and *** five main microfacies discussed in this paper are wackestone,packstone,grainstone,floatstone,and *** most frequent fossilised components found in the Mishrif Formation are rudists,benthic foraminifera,echinoderms,burrows molluscs,and *** to the microfacies and analysed wireline log data,the sequence stratigraphy of the studied formation is composed of two regression *** parasequences of transgressive-regressive cycles make up the depositional sequence of the Mishrif *** standard depositional environments seem to demonstrate a gradual regression,beginning with a short period of the outer ramp,then a steady period of the mid-ramp,and ending in the intertidal ***,the study recorded two regional maximum flooding surfaces:K-135 and *** former is present in the lowermost part of the formation,while the other lies in the *** study shows a close relationship between facies(environments)and hydrocarbon *** increased accumulation focuses on the lower part of the studied formation,and seems to be lower in the upper part of the formation as a result of changes in the environment of deposition.

关键词： Mishrif formation Cenomanian Sequence stratigraphy Zubair oilfield Iraq

Cadmium Tolerance and Accumulation in Wild Rice Species

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Rice science 2023年第3期30卷 181-185,I0015-I0020页

作者： Ayotunde A.ADEOSUN Adam H.PRICE Gareth j.NORTON School of Biological Sciences University of AberdeenCruickshank BuildingSt Machar DriveAberdeen AB243UUScotland

When exposed to cadmium(Cd),rice(Oryza sativa L.)suffers a loss in biomass as well as an increased concentration of Cd within the *** looking for genes that can reduce Cd accumulation or increase Cd tolerance,the wild relatives of rice are under-utilised *** this study,a rapid hydroponic screening system was established using known tolerant and sensitive *** accessions,and found that 10μmol/L Cd concentration appeared to be the optimum for screening Cd tolerance of rice cultivars.

关键词： cultivar optimum looking

Colour Removal from Aqueous Solutions of the Reactive Azo Dye Remazol Black B Using the Immobilised Cells (Shewanella Strain j18 143) –***-Monomer System

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journal of Water Resource and Protection 2010年第1期2卷 77-84页

作者： T. LI j. T. GUTHRIE 不详

Consideration is given here to colour removal, carried out using immobilised biological cells, Shewanella strain j18 143. In order to provide greater control of an overall colour removal process and to give a basis for the effective recovery of the cell culture species, cell immobilisation has been established on chemically modified cellulose. The modification was achieved by chemically inducing the graft copolymerisation of methacrylic acid onto cotton fabric. The immobilised cells were able to decolorise the dye. The immobilisation methods, physical adsorption, “growing-in” and chemical coupling, were compared. Each of the methods was effective to some extent. However, the latter two immobilisation methods provided the greater effect in decoloration. Each of these immobilised systems is relatively simple to achieve, whether by adsorption, physical interlocking or covalent coupling. The graft copolymer is able to offer versatility in use. The decoloration was shown to be rapid under relatively simple processing conditions. Thus, compared with the established controls, complete decoloration of solutions of Remazol Black B was observed. The potential use of the graft copolymer substrate as support for a biochemical agent was confirmed.

关键词： Reactive Azo Dyes Colour Removal Immobilisation Immobilised Cells

Mucopolysaccharidosis typeⅢB:a current review and exploration of the AAV therapy landscape

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 355-359页

作者： Courtney j.Rouse Victoria N.jensen Coy D.Heldermon Lacerta Therapeutics AlachuaFLUSA University of Florida College of Medicine GainesvilleFLUSA

Mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for *** results in the aggregation of heparan sulfate polysaccharides within cell lysosomes that leads to progressive and severe debilitating neurological *** treatment options are expensive,limited,and presently there are no approved cures for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢ***-associated virus gene therapy has significantly advanced the field forward,allowing researchers to successfully design,enhance,and improve potential *** group recently published an effective treatment using a codon-optimized triple mutant adeno-associated virus 8 vector that restores N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels,auditory function,and lifespan in the murine model for mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB to that seen in healthy ***,we review the current state of the field in relation to the capsid landscape,adeno-associated virus gene therapy and its successes and challenges in the clinic,and how novel adenoassociated virus capsid designs have evolved research in the mucopolysaccharidoses typeⅢB field.

关键词： adeno-associated virus central nervous system gene therapy heparan sulfate immune response mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase newborn screening

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE THERMO-MECHANICAL PROCESS FOR BEAM BLANK CONTINUOUS CASTING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2007年第4期20卷 241-250页

作者： W. Chen Y.Z. Zhang C.j. Zhang L.G. Zhu B.X. Wang W.G. Lu j.H. Ma Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China College of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering Hebei Polytechnic University Tangshan 063009 China Tangshan Heavy Plate Co. Ltd. Tangshan 063610 China Hebei jinxi Steel Stock Co. Ltd Tangshan 064302 China College of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China

The aim of this study was to simulate the solidification process of beam blank continuous casting, and then find the reasons for the typical defects of the beam blank. A two-dimensional transient coupled finite element model has been developed to compute the temperature and stress profile in beam blank continuous casting. The enthalpy method was used in the heat conduction equation. The thermo-mechanical property in the mushy zone was taken into consideration in this calculation. It is shown that at the mold exit the thickness of the shell had its maximum value at the flange tip and its minimum value at the fillet. The temperature had a great fluctuation on the surface of the beam blank in the secondary cooling zone. At the unbending point, the surface temperature of the web was in the brittleness temperature range under the present condition. To ensure the quality, it is necessary to weaken the intensity of secondary cooling. At the mold exit the equivalent stress and strain have higher values at the flange tip and at the web. From the spray 1 to the unbending point, the maximum values of stress and strain gradually moved to the internal section of the flange tip and the web. However, whenever, there were bigger stress and strain values near the flange tip and the web than in the other parts, it must be very easy to generate cracks at those positions. Now, online verification of this simulation has been developed, which has proved to be very useful and efficient to instruct the practical production of beam blank continuous casting.

关键词： beam blank continuous basting thermo-mechanical process simulation

Comparative efficacy of gypsy moth(Lepidoptera:Erebidae)entomopathogens on transgenic blight-tolerant and wild-type American,Chinese,and hybrid chestnuts(Fagales:Fagaceae)

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Insect Science 2020年第5期27卷 1067-1078页

作者： Aaron j.Brown Andrew E.Newhouse William A.Powell Dylan Parry Department of Environmental and Forest Biology College of Environmental Science and ForestryState University of New YorkSyracuseNY13210USA

American chestnut(Castanea dentata[Marsh.]Borkh.)was once the dominant hardwood species in Eastern North America before an exotic fungal pathogen,Cryphonec-tria parasitica(Murrill)Barr,functionally eliminated it across its *** promising approach toward restoring American chestnut to natural forests is development of blight-tolerant trees using genetic ***,transformation and related processes can result in unexpected and unintended phenotypic changes,potentially altering ecologi-cal *** assess unintended tritrophic impacts of transgenic American chestnut on plant herbivore interactions,gypsy moth(Lymantria dispar L.)caterpillars were fed leaf disks excised from two transgenic events,Darling 54 and Darling 58,and four control American chestnut *** disks were previously treated with an LDso dose of either the speces-specific Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(LdMNPV)or the generalist pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis ***(Btk).Mortality was quantified and compared to water blank *** genotype had a strong efect on the efficacies of both *** mortality from Btk-treated foliage from only one transgenic event,Darling 54,differed from its isogenic progenitor,Ellis l,but was similar to an unre-lated wild-type American chestnut *** efficacy was unaffected by genetic *** suggest that although genetic modification of trees may affect interactions with other nontarget organisms,this may be due to insertion effects,and varia-tion amnon diMterent genvtypes(wlether uasgeic ul wild-typc)iupaults a giealci change in response than transgene presence.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis LdMNPV nontarget restoration tri-trophic unin-tended effects

In search for the “idyllic” animal model to evaluate ocular pathologies and translate new therapies to improve human health

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第12期17卷 2697-2699页

作者： Francisco M.Nadal-Nicolás Kiyoharu j.Miyagishima Wei Li Retinal Neurophysiology Section National Eye InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

The retina is a highly specialized neural tissue that encodes information of vision,a vital sensory modality for most *** the retina also contributes to other non‐image‐forming signals(*** of circadian clocks),vision chiefly enables animals to interpret and navigate their environment(despite the diverse variety of species and lifestyles;Baden et al.,2020)and also to interact with other ***,features such as high visual resolution and color discrimination are important for interactive behaviors like prey capture and also for social animals,including primates,that establish a dominance *** vertebrates,the laminar structure of the retina is notably *** photoreceptor layer(rods and cones)initiates the process of converting light energy into nerve impulses by absorbing photons and transferring the signals to interneurons.

关键词： laminar enable absorbing

n-Alkane bound biomarker fingerprints from asphaltenes in the bitumens of Eastern Dahomey Basin,Nigeria:Source and genetic implications

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 85-91页

作者： Modupe A.Egbeola Olubunmi C.Adeigbe Olajide j.Adamolekun Department of Geology University of IbadanIbadanNigeria Structural Geology and Tectonics Institute of Applied GeosciencesKIT-Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyAdenauerring 20a76131KarlsruheGermany

The asphaltene fractions of the bitumens of Eastern Dahomey Basin in Nigeria,were analyzed by flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography(Py-GC)method in order to unravel its geochemical history and *** distributions of the initial biomarkers of the original oils from the pyrolysates are related to the assessment of organic matter source,paleo-redox conditions and source environment during ***,it effectively establishes the genetic relationship of the *** n-alkane distributions in the pyrolysates reveal nC_(9)-nC_(32)n-alkanes,maximizing at nC_(14),isoprenoids-pristane(Pr)and phytane(Ph),and some n-alkene *** peaks of low to medium-weight nC_(9)-nC20 n-alkanes and low peaks of nC_(21)+n-alkanes characterize the *** reveal that abundant algal organic matter with some terrigenous inputs contributed to the source rock of the *** high concentration of marine organic matter inputs to the source rock is further confirmed by the nC_(17)/nC27 ratios which range from 5.39 to 19.82 and shows the predominance of nC_(17)*** general unimodal n-alkane distributions in the bitumens indicate derivation from similar organic matter types showing that they are genetically *** anoxic to suboxic environmental conditions that prevailed during the deposition of the sediments is revealed by the isoprenoids,Pr/Ph ratios(0.72-1.28).Pristane/nC_(17)and Phytane/nC_(18)range from 0.16 to 0.33 and 0.22 to 0.56,revealing that the bitumens were from predominantly marine organic matter(type II kerogen)preserved in a reducing environment with no evidence of ***,the Ph/nC_(18)ratio and the cross plot of Pr+Ph/nC_(17)+nC_(18)allow the classification of the bitumens into two subfamilies/groups(A and B).The bitumen samples have low wax content as indicated by the degree of waxiness ranging from 0.21 to 0.38 which confirms low terrigenous *** on the carbon preference index(CPI:0.92 to 1.55)and odd-even predo

关键词： Genetic relationship Flash pyrolysis Biomarker Asphaltene Pyrolysates