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国际医学放射学杂志 2021年第2期44卷 241-241页

作者： D.Hernando r.j.cook N.Qazi C.A.Longhurst C.A.Diamond S.B.reeder 王萱

摘要目的基于MrI的r2*mapping可以可靠、快速地定量肝脏铁浓度（LIC）。然而,r2*在不同采集协议中的表现和可重复性仍然未知。因此,本研究旨在评估复合混杂因素

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Yield Evaluation of a Wheat Line with Combined resistance to russian Wheat Aphid and Stem rust race “Ug99” in Kenya

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American journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第7期4卷 1494-1499页

作者： F. O. Amulaka j. N. Maling’a r. S. Pathak M. Cakir r. M. S. Mulwa Egerton University Department of Crops Horticulture and Soils Egerton Kenya Egerton University Department of Crops Horticulture and Soils Egerton Kenya Kenya Agricultural research Institute (KArI) Njoro Kenya. Murdoch University Perth Australia

InKenya, russian wheat aphid (rWA) and stem rust race TTKS (“Ug99”) are the most devastating pests of wheat. Severe infestations by rWA result in yield losses of up to 90% while epidemics of “Ug99”can cause up to 100% loss. The two pests combined have seriously affected farmer incomes forcing them to rely heavily on pesticides and increasing the cost of production. This study sought to evaluate a wheat line that has been developed to be resistant to both rWA and “Ug99”by pyramiding two maj.r.resistance genes. Three varieties were used in this study: “Kwale”, a Kenyan high yielding commercial variety but susceptible to both rWA and “Ug99”;“cook”, an Australian variety carrying stem rust resistance gene Sr36 conferring immunity to “Ug99”;and “KrWA9”, a Kenyan line resistant to rWA but with poor agronomic attributes. The F1 of the double cross (DC F1) was obtained by crossing the F1 of “Kwale × cook” and the F1 of “Kwale × KrWA9”. The DC F1 population was subjected to sequential screening for both rWA and “Ug99”resistance. The surviving DC F1 progenies were left to self pollinate in the field to obtain the DC F2. The DC F2 progenies were sequentially screened against rWA and “Ug99”to obtain a resistant population to both rWA and “Ug99”. The yield and yield components of the new resistant line were compared with the three parents. results showed that the DC F2:3 had higher yields than the three parents based on 1000 kernel weight, weight of kernel per spike, and the actual yield in tons/ha, indicating that the genes were successfully introgressed. It is concluded that though races with virulence for Sr36 have been reported, the gene provides immunity to race “Ug99”and can be used as a component for “Ug99”resistance breeding together with other Sr genes.

关键词： rusian Wheat Aphid Stem rust “Ug99” Gene Pyramiding Combined resistance

Global wood anatomical perspective on the onset of the Late Antique Little Ice Age (LALIA) in the mid-6th century CE

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Science Bulletin 2022年第22期67卷 2336-2344页

作者： Ulf Büntgen Alan Crivellaro Dominique Arseneault Mike Baillie David Barclay Mauro Bernabei j.r.o Bontadi Gretel Boswijk David Brown Duncan A.Christie Olga V.Churakova Edward r.cook rosanne D’Arrigo Nicole Davi jan Esper Patrick Fonti Ciara Greaves rashit M.Hantemirov Malcolm K.Hughes Alexander V.Kirdyanov Paul j.Krusic Carlos Le Quesne Fredrik C.Ljungqvist Michael Mc.Cormick Vladimir S.Myglan Kurt Nicolussi Clive Oppenheimer jonathan Palmer Chun Qin Frederick reinig Matthew Salzer Markus Stoffel Max Torbenson Mirek Trnka ricardo Villalba Nick Wiesenberg Greg Wiles Bao Yang Alma Piermattei Department of Geography University of CambridgeCambridge CB23ENUK Swiss Federal research Institute(WSL) Birmensdorf 8903Switzerland Global Change research Centre(CzechGlobe) Brno 60300Czech Republic Department of Geography Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityBrno 61300Czech Republic Forest Biometrics Laboratory Faculty of Forestry“Stefan cel Mare”University of SuceavaSuceava 720229Romania Department of Biology Chemistry and GeographyUniversity of Quebec in RimouskiRimouski Qc.G5L 3A1Canada Archaeology&Palaeoecology School of Natural and Built EnvironmentQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK Department of Geology State University of New York at CortlandCortland NY 13045USA CNr-IBE Institute of BioEconomyNational Research CouncilTrento 38121Italy School of Environment The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Laboratorio de Dendrocronología y Cambio Global Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia 509000Chile Center for Climate and resilience research(Cr) Santiago 8370449Chile Cape Horn International Center(CHIC) Punta Arenas 6200000Chile Institute of Ecology and Geography Siberian Federal UniversityKrasnoyarsk 660041Russia Tree-ring Laboratory Lamont-Doherty Earth ObservatoryColumbia UniversityPalisades NY 10964USA Department of Environmental Science William Paterson UniversityWayne NJ 07470USA Department of Geography Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainz 55099Germany Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of SciencesYekaterinburg 620144Russia Ural Institute of Humanities Ural Federal UniversityYekaterinburg 620002Russia Laboratory of Tree-ring research University of ArizonaTucson AZ 85721USA Sukachev Institute of Forest SB rAS Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Department of Physical Geography Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Department of History Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Bolin Centre for Climate research Stockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study

Linked to maj.r.volcanic eruptions around 536 and 540 CE, the onset of the Late Antique Little Ice Age has been described as the coldest period of the past two millennia. The exact timing and spatial extent of this exceptional cold phase are, however, still under debate because of the limited resolution and geographical distribution of the available proxy archives. Here, we use 106 wood anatomical thin sections from 23forest sites and 20 tree species in both hemispheres to search for cell-level fingerprints of ephemeral summer cooling between 530 and 550 CE. After cross-dating and double-staining, we identified 89Blue rings(lack of cell wall lignification), nine Frost rings(cell deformation and collapse), and 93Light rings(reduced cell wall thickening) in the Northern Hemisphere. Our network reveals evidence for the strongest temperature depression between mid-july and early-August 536 CE across North America and Eurasia, whereas more localised cold spells occurred in the summers of 532, 540–43, and548 CE. The lack of anatomical signatures in the austral trees suggests limited incursion of stratospheric volcanic aerosol into the Southern Hemisphere extra-tropics, that any forcing was mitigated by atmosphere-ocean dynamical responses and/or concentrated outside the growing season, or a combination of factors. Our findings demonstrate the advantage of wood anatomical investigations over traditional dendrochronological measurements, provide a benchmark for Earth system models, support cross-disciplinary studies into the entanglements of climate and history, and question the relevance of global climate averages.

关键词： Blue rings Climate extremes Dendrochronology Late Antiquity Tree rings Volcanic eruptions

Critical review of strategies for CO_2 delivery to large-scale microalgae cultures

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2219-2228页

作者： Qi Zheng Xiaoyin Xu Gregory j.O.Martin Sandra E.Kentish Peter cook Centre for CCS research Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne Algal Processing Group Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne

Microalgae have great, yet relatively untapped potential as a highly productive crop for the production of animal and aquaculture feed, biofuels, and nutraceutical products. Compared to conventional terrestrial crops they have a very fast growth rate and can be produced on non-arable land. During microalgae cultivation, carbon dioxide(CO_2) is supplied as the carbon source for photosynthesising microalgae. There are a number of potential CO_2 supplies including air, flue gas and purified CO_2. In addition, several strategies have been applied to the delivery of CO_2 to microalgae production systems, including directly bubbling CO_2-rich gas, microbubbles, porous membrane spargers and non-porous membrane contactors. This article provides a comparative analysis of the different CO_2 supply and delivery strategies and how they relate to each other.

关键词： Bubble Carbon dioxide Flue gas Bioreactors

Effect of different intensities of physical activity on cardiometabolic markers and vascular and cardiac function in adult rats fed with a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 109-119页

作者： romeo B.Batacan jr Mitch j.Duncan Vincent j.Dalbo Geraldine L.Buitrago Andrew S.Fenning School of Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University Centre for Physical Activity Studies Central Queensland University School of Medicine & Public Health Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Faculty of Health and MedicineThe University of Newcastle University Drive Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Central Queensland University Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics Australian Institute of Tropical Health and MedicineJames Cook University

Background: Physical activity(PA) and diet are 2 lifestyle factors that affect cardiometabolic risk. However, data on how a high-fat highcarbohydrate(HFHC) diet influences the effect of different intensities of PA on cardiometabolic health and cardiovascular function in a controlled setting are yet to be fully established. This study investigated the effect of sedentary behavior, light-intensity training(LIT), and high-intensity interval training(HIIT) on cardiometabolic markers and vascular and cardiac function in HFHC-fed adult ***: Twelve-week-old Wistar rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups(12 rats/group): control(CTL), sedentary(SED), LIT, and *** indices, glucose and lipid control, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, vascular reactivity, and cardiac electrophysiology of the experimental groups were examined after 12 weeks of HFHC-diet feeding and PA ***: The SED group had slower cardiac conduction(p = 0.0426) and greater thoracic aortic contractile responses(p red with the CTL group. The LIT group showed improved cardiac conduction compared with the SED group(p = 0.0003), and the HIIT group showed decreased mesenteric artery contractile responses compared with all other groups and improved endothelium-dependent mesenteric artery relaxation compared with the LIT group(both p roups had lower visceral(p = 0.0057 for LIT, p = 0.0120 for HIIT)and epididymal fat(p r LIT, p = 0.0002 for HIIT) compared with the CTL ***: LIT induced positive adaptations on fat accumulation and cardiac conduction, and HIIT induced a positive effect on fat accumulation,mesenteric artery contraction, and endothelium-dependent relaxation. No other differences were observed between groups. These findings suggest that few positive health effects can be achieved through LIT and HIIT when consuming a chronic and sustained HFHC diet.

关键词： High-intensity interval training Inflammation Light-intensity training Metabolic syndrome Oxidative stress Sedentary behavior Western diet

Preliminary age-based life history characteristics of the dogtooth tuna,Gymnosarda unicolor(ruppell,1838),in the southwest Pacific Ocean

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第3期8卷 323-331页

作者： David j.Welch Adam K.Smith Kyne Krusic-Golub Sandra Erdmann Stephen j.Newman C_(2)O Fisheries PO Box 3041CairnsQueensland4870Australia Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture College of Science and EngineeringJames Cook UniversityTownsville4811Australia reef Ecologic TownsvilleQueensland4811Australia Fish Ageing Services Pty.Ltd. QueenscliffVictoria3225Australia Western Australian Fisheries and Marine research Laboratories Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentGovernment of Western AustraliaNorth BeachWestern Australia6020Australia

Dogtooth tuna,Gymnosarda unicolor were sampled off the east coast of Australia(southwest Pacific Ocean)from 2007 to *** were determined by examining thin transverse sections of their sagittal otoliths and were based on counts of alternating opaque and translucent zones(annual growth increments).Growth was rapid during the first year of life,after which growth in length was much *** of the constrained von Bertalanffy growth function(fork length-at-age)were L∞=1164.77(mm,FL)and K=0.44 year^(-1).Preliminary estimates of longevity indicate a maximum observed age of at least 20 *** was a high degree of variation in the observed length and age of sexual maturity for *** this variation,the size at 50%maturity for female *** estimated in this study was 713 mm FL(rs of age).The diet of *** is very broad and covers a range of fish *** life history characteristics of *** overall,indicate that this species may be somewhat resilient to ***,reports of localised depletions,in association with heavy targeting by sports fishers,low effective population sizes and patchy recruitment indicate that this species is particularly vulnerable to overfishing.

关键词： Otoliths Age Life history Pacific ocean Diet Fisheries management

Does Chemo-radiation Therapy Influence Outcomes in Unresectable Locally Advanced State IV rectal Cancer?

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Surgical Science 2012年第10期3卷 469-472页

作者： joaquin j. Estrada Vivek Chaudhry jose r. Cintron Leela M. Prasad Herand Abcarian Division of Colon and rectal Surgery John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County Chicago USA

Introduction: The median survival for patients with stage IV rectal cancer is approximately 20 months. Therapy should focus not only on improving survival but also on quality of life. The aim of our study was to determine if chemoradiation (C-rT) would improve palliation for metastatic unresectable locally advanced disease compared to patients receiving palliative chemotherapy alone (C) for stage IV cancer. Methods: retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database at a single institution was carried out under IrB approval. From january 2004 to December 2008, 43 patients presenting with unresectable stage IV rectal cancer were identified with a median follow-up of 12 months. Patients with evidence of locally advanced disease or bulky disease received infusional 5-FU ± bevacizumab and 3D conformed mega voltage photon therapy (5400 cGy). Patients without evidence of bulky disease received either FOLFOX or FOLFIrI ± bevacizumab. Data on demographics, investigations, treatment, complications, metastasis, number of blood transfusions, days of hospitalization, and surgical intervention were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. p red statistically significant. results: There were 25 and 18 patients in the C and C-rT groups respectively. There was no difference in mean age, sex or overall survival. Three patient (12%) in the C group developed hydronephrosis compared to 8 patients (44%) in the C-rT group (p ructions requiring an ostomy in the C group compared to 9 patient (50%) in the C-rT group (p = 0.07). In the C arm, 80% of patients required multiple hospitalizations for symptoms consistent with progression of disease compared to 61% of patients in the C-rT arm (p radiation in patients with locally advanced unresectable stage IV cancer has not been extensively investigated. At our institution, patients treated with C-rT for bulky stage IV rectal cancer required fewe

关键词： Chemo-radiation Cancer

Changing the Proportions of Grass and Grain in Feed Substrate Impacts the Efficacy of <i>Asparagopsis taxiformis</i>to Inhibit Methane Production <i>in Vitro</i>

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American journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1835-1858页

作者： r. D. Kinley S. Tan j. Turnbull S. Askew B. M. roque FutureFeed Pty Ltd. Townsville Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial research Organisation (CSIrO) Agriculture and Food Townsville Australia College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University (JCU) Douglas Campus Townsville Australia Advanced Analytical Centre (AAC) James Cook University (JCU) Douglas Campus Townsville Australia University of California Davis Davis USA

Benefits of the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis as an ingredient to manage methane (CH4) emissions from the red meat and dairy industries continue to evolve. Asparagopsis has been demonstrated to eliminate enteric CH4 emissions in vitro and reduce it greater than 80% in animals. Variability in animal studies is suspected to be associated with variable inclusion and proportions of grass and grain in the diet. This in vitro study aimed to elucidate effects of gradient grass to grain proportions in the fermentation using five steps from 100% rhodes grass (rG) to 100% barley grain (BG). Gradient inclusion of Asparagopsis was in six steps of Control with no inclusion (C), Low (L), Low-Medium (LM), Medium (M), Medium-High (MH), and High (H) levels tested in three fermentation durations (24 h, 48 h, 72 h). There was significant effect of rG/BG and inclusion of Asparagopsis such that CH4 production decreased with increasing Asparagopsis independent of rG/BG;however, there was enhanced reduction at greater proportions of BG. Thus, the level of Asparagopsis required to completely inhibit CH4 production in vitro was decreased with decreasing rG/BG. Increasing the duration of fermentation had greatest effect on CH4 at C, L, and LM levels of Asparagopsis independent of rG/BG, although magnitude of CH4 production was greater for higher proportions of BG for the C and L levels. Digestibility of in vitro substrate increased with fermentation duration and increasing BG;however, there was no change associated with inclusion levels of Asparagopsis. Increases in total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) were observed with increased fermentation duration and concomitant with increasing substrate digestion. Increasing proportions of BG induced increase in tVFA. In contrast, and independent of changes in substr

关键词： Asparagopsis taxiformis Enteric Methane Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Feed Substrate rhodes Grass Barley Grain In Vitro

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需要以专业技能为基础的随机对照试验

英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第3期8卷 182-185页

作者： Pj Devereaux Mohit Bhandari Mike Clarke Victor M Montori Deborah j cook Salim Yusuf David L Sackett Claudio S Cina SD Walter Brian Haynes Holger j Schunemann 许群 Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics，McMaster University，1200 Main Street，West Hamilton ON，Canada L8N 3Z5

外科手术不大可能像药物治疗那样严格的以证据为基础，因为其难以随机化分组。因此，以专业技能为基础的试验可能是今后发展的方向。

关键词：随机对照试验专业技能临床医生非药物干预外科手术随机分配试验设计

Complex courtship success and plasticity environments displays facilitate in signaling across male reproductive variable

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 175-186页

作者： Dustin j. WILGErS Eileen A. HEBETS School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

Effective signal transmission is essential for communication. In environments where signal transmission is highly variable, signalers may utilize complex signals, which incorporate multiple components and modalities, to maintain effective communication. Male rabidosa rabida wolf spiders produce complex courtship signals, consisting of both visual and seismic components. We test the hypothesis that the complex signaling of r. rabida contributes to male reproductive success in variable signaling environments. We first examine the condition-dependence of foreleg ornamentation （a presumed visual signal） and seismic signal components and find that both may provide potentially redundant information on foraging history. Next, we assessed reproductive success across manipulated signaling environments that varied in the effectiveness of visual and/or seismic signal transmission. In environments where only one signal could be successfully transmitted （e.g., visual or seismic）, pairs were still able to successfully copulate. Additionally, we found that males altered their courtship display depending on the current signaling environment. Specifically, males reduced their use of a visual display component in signaling environments where visual signal transmission was ablated. Incorporating signals in multiple modalities not only enables r. rabida males to maintain copulation success across variable signaling environments, but it also enables males to adjust their composite courtship display to current signaling conditions .

关键词： Communication Multimodal Signal evolution Condition-dependent Lycosidae rabidosa rabida Efficacy back-up redundant signals