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Effect of sewage sludge and sugarcane bagasse biochar on soil properties and sugar beet production

Pedosphere 2021年第4期31卷 572-582页

作者： Barbara Samartini Queiroz ALVES Katherin Prissila Sevilla ZELAYA Fernando COLEN Ledivan Almeida FRAZÃO Alfredo NAPOLI Sanjai j.parikh Luiz Arnaldo FERNANDES Department of Land Air and Water ResourcesUniversity of California-DavisDavis CA 95616(USA) Institute of Agrarian Sciences Federal University of Minas GeraisMontes Claros MG 39404547(Brazil) Department of performance of tropical production and processing systems(PERSYST) Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement(CIRAD)Montpellier 34170(France)

Recently, biochar has shown to be an alternative to waste disposal and a source of nutrients, acting as a soil amendment. The effects of two types of biochar on soil properties and sugar beet production as well as potential for carbon(C) sequestration were evaluated: biochar produced from sewage sludge(SB) and biochar produced from a 1:1 mixture of sewage sludge and sugarcane bagasse(MB). A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted using a sandy loam soil from the Brazilian savanna under treatments of MB applications at 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0%, SB application at 5.0%, and a conventional fertilization(CF) using lime and mineral fertilizers, with no fertilization as a control. After incubation for 45 d, seedlings were transplanted into each pot and cultivated for 55 d. Biochar characterization showed that pyrolysis reduced the biomass volume drastically, but concentrated the trace elements per unit of biochar weight. The MB treatments increased soil total C(by 27.8%) and pH(by 0.6), reduced the concentrations of nutrients, except for potassium(K), and chromium(Cr), and did not significantly alter lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) concentrations. Results of stable isotopes showed that all biochar treatments increased the total soil C stock and stability, suggesting a potential for application in C sequestration, and improved overall soil fertility. However, the biochar treatments also increased the concentrations of trace elements in the soil and plants. The sugar beet yields at 10.0% MB and 5.0% SB corresponded to 55%and 29% of the yield obtained in the CF treatment, respectively. These results may be due to biochar nutrients not being bioavailable when required by plants or to biochar nutrient adsorption.

关键词： carbon sequestration food safety organic wastes plant fertilizers soil fertility soil organic matter fractions stable isotopes waste management

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75岁以上女性乳腺钼靶摄影检出乳腺癌的预后改善

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国际医学放射学杂志 2015年第1期 72-72页

作者： j.A.Malmgren j.parikh M.K.Atwood H.G.Kaplan Healthstat Consulting

目的评估75岁以上妇女乳腺钼靶摄影检出乳腺癌的特点和结果,一个年龄组不代表乳腺钼靶摄影筛查有效性研究。材料与方法从1990—2011年,我们进行前瞻性队

关键词：乳腺钼靶摄影乳腺癌乳腺肿瘤检出

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乳腺X线摄影检查对40～49岁妇女乳腺癌进程的影响

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第3期 268-268页

作者： j.A.Malmgren j.parikh M.K.Atwood H.G.Kaplan 张秀玲 HealthStat Consulting 12025 Ninth Ave NWSeattleWA 98177

目的随时间的推移,动态分析40～49岁患乳腺癌妇女与分期诊断、治疗、结果相关的检测方法。材料与方法本研究符合HIPAA,经机构审查委员会批准,免除病人知情同意书。1990—2008年间对40～49岁患有原发性乳腺癌的

关键词：乳腺癌 Pt 乳腺肿瘤摄影检查

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肛管内超声及MRI对肛门癌的分期、疗效评价及随访的价值

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国际医学放射学杂志 2011年第3期 303-303页

作者： j.parikh A.Shaw L.A.Grant A.M.P.Schizas V.Datta A.B.Williams 庞国栋 Department of Radiology Guys and St Thomas' Hospital

肛门癌是严重的但少见的专科疾病。肛管内超声、MRI可用于肛门癌病人局部分期及随访观察,有助于指导治疗方案及预后。近来,欧洲临床肿瘤协会发布的指南推荐MRI作为评价局部病灶的检查方法。本研究介绍了肛管内超声和MRI技术,并对肛门癌... 详细信息

肛门癌是严重的但少见的专科疾病。肛管内超声、MRI可用于肛门癌病人局部分期及随访观察,有助于指导治疗方案及预后。近来,欧洲临床肿瘤协会发布的指南推荐MRI作为评价局部病灶的检查方法。本研究介绍了肛管内超声和MRI技术,并对肛门癌局部评估的优缺点进行比较。

关键词：肛管内超声 MRI 肛门癌时期局限性病灶

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原发性乳腺癌异质性的改变可能提高MRI对新辅助化疗中期反应的评估能力

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国际医学放射学杂志 2014年第5期 473-473页

作者： j.parikh M.Selmi G.Charles-Edwards j.Glen-denning B.Ganeshan H.Verma 蒋小露 Department of Radiology Clinical Oncologyand Medical OncologyDivision of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineeringinstitute of Nuclear Medicine

摘要目的探讨原发性乳腺癌新辅助化疗后,MRI上异质性的改变是否有助于评估其病理完全缓解(pCR),并将pCR与实体瘤标准治疗反应评定准则进行对照。材料与方法

关键词：新辅助化疗乳腺癌乳腺肿瘤病理完全缓解原发性异质性 MRI

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Improving intermittent androgen deprivation therapy： lessons learned from basic and translational research

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Asian journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 505-510页

作者： Rahul A parikh Laura E Pascal Benjamin j Davieses Zhou Wang Division of Hematology/OncologyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Hillman Cancer Centre University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA. Department of Urology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Hillman Cancer Centre University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA. Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Hillman Cancer Centre University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA.

Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy （IADT） is an alternative to continuous androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） in prostate cancer patients with nonmetastatic disease. ADT is associated with numerous side effects such as hot flashes, sexual dysfunction, anemia, fatigue, loss of muscle mass, osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome and premature cardiovascular disease. IADT was developed with the intention of improving the quality of life and to delay progression of prostate cancer to castration resistance. The benefits of slightly improved quality of life by IADT compared to ADT were demonstrated in multiple clinical trials. IADT was noted to be noninferior to ADT in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer but in studies performed in patients with metastatic prostate cancer, the results were inconclusive. Our recent studies suggested that the administration of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors during the off-cycle of IADT can significantly prolong the survival of mice bearing androgen-sensitive prostate tumors when off-cycle duration was short. This review discusses the survival benefit of 5 alpha-reductase inhibition in IADT in animal models and the potential translation of this finding into clinic.

关键词： 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor androgen-responsive genes intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (IADT) prostatecancer testosterone

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Pareto optimization of WEDM process parameters for machining a NiTi shape memory alloy using a combined approach of RSM and heat transfer search algorithm

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Advances in Manufacturing 2021年第1期9卷 64-80页

作者： Rakesh Chaudhari jay j.Vora S.S.Mani Prabu I.A.Palani Vivek K.Patel D.M.parikh Department of Mechanical Engineering School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityRaisanGandhinagar 382007India Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore 453552India Discipline of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology IndoreIndore 453552India Department of Industrial Engineering School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Petroleum UniversityRaisanGandhinagar 382007India

Machining of shape memory alloys(SMAs)without losing the shape memory effect could immensely extend their ***,the wire electric discharge machining process was used to machine NiTi—a shape memory *** experimental methodology was designed using a Box-Behnken design approach of the response surface *** effects of input variables including pulse on time,pulse off time,and current were investigated on the material removal rate,surface roughness,and *** tests were performed to check the robustness of the generated empirical *** of the process parameters was performed using a newly formulated,highly efficient heat transfer search *** tests were conducted and extended for analyzing the retention of the shape memory effect of the machined surface by differential scanning *** addition,2D and 3D Pareto curves were generated that indicated the trade-offs between the selected output variables during the simultaneous output variables using the multi-objective heat transfer search *** optimization route yielded encouraging *** objective optimization yielded a maximum material removal rate of 1.49 mm^(3)/s,maximum microhardness 462.52 HVN,and minimum surface roughness 0.11μ*** Pareto curves showed conflicting effects during the wire electric discharge machining of the shape memory alloy and presented a set of optimal non-dominant *** shape memory alloy machined using the optimized process parameters even indicated a shape memory effect similar to that of the starting base material.

关键词： Shape memory alloy(SMA) Nitinol Wire electrical discharge machining(WEDM) Heat transfer search algorithm Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)test Shape memory effect

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Is myopia a protective factor against central serous chorioretinopathy?

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第2期9卷 266-270页

作者： George j.Manayath Saurabh Arora Hardik parikh Parag K.Shah Sarvesh Tiwari Venkatapathy Narendran Department of Retina and Ocular Oncology Aravind Eye Hospital

AIM： To evaluate if any association exists between central serous chorioretinopathy （CSCR） and the refractive status of the eye. METHODS： This retrospective, institutional, case control study included 499 patients, wherein 262 patients diagnosed as acute CSCR, were compared with an age and gender matched control group of 237 patients. All patients were evaluated with a detailed systemic and ocular history, objective and subjective refractions for both eyes and complete ocular examination by a retina specialist, at all visits. Optical coherence tomography confirmed the diagnosis of CSCR. ~ RESULTS： The mean age was found to be 40.7y in the study group （Group 1） compared to 38 10y in the control group （Group 2）. Most common refractive status in the study group, was emmetropia seen in 191 patients （72.9%）, followed by hypermetropia seen in 47 patients （17.9%） and astigmatism seen in 21 patients （8.0%）. Only 3 subjects （1.1%） had myopia, which was less than or equal to 1.0 D, compared to 70 subjects （29.5%） in the control group, suggesting a statistically significant lower incidence of CSCR among the myopic patients （P〈 0.0001）. With respect to the systemic factors, 26 （9.9%） patients were using systemic steroids in the study group （Group 1） compared to none in the control group （Group 2） suggesting a statistically significant association of CSCR with systemic steroid use （P〈0.05）. No other significant systemic risk factors were noted. CONCLUSION： Though CSCR is a multifactorial disease, myopia serves as a protective factor for CSCR. Thus, myopic eyes are less likely to develop CSCR. Since both retinal pigment epithelium （RPE） and choriocapillaris are postulated in the pathogenesis of CSCR, chorio-retinal thinning and atrophy seen in myopic eyes are less likely to cause CSCR.

关键词： central serous chorioretinopathy refractivestatus myopia

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United States-based practice patterns and resource utilization in advanced neuroendocrine tumor treatment

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第15期19卷 2348-2354页

作者： jonathan Strosberg Roman Casciano Lee Stern Rohan parikh Maruit Chulikavit jacob Willet Zhimei Liu Xufang Wang Krzysztof j Grzegorzewski H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Gastrointestinal Tumor DepartmentTampaFL 33612United States LA-SER Analytica New YorkNY 10018United States Novartis Oncology Florham Park Novartis Oncology Florham ParkNJ 07932United States

AIM: To assess advanced neuroendocrine tumor (NET) treatment patterns and resource utilization by tumor progression stage and tumor site in the United States. METHODS: United States Physicians meeting eligibility criteria were provided with online data extraction forms to collect patient chart data on recent NET patients. Resource utilization and treatment pattern data were collected over a baseline period (after diagnosis and before tumor progression), as well as initial and secondary progression periods, with progression defined according to measureable radiographic evidence of tumor progression. Resource categories used in the analysis include: Treatments (e.g. , surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapies), hospitalizations and physician visits, diagnostic tests (biomarkers, imaging, laboratory tests). Comparisons between categories of resource utilization and tumor progression status were examined using univariate (by tumor site) and multivariate analyses (across all tumor sites). RESULTS: Fifty-five physicians were included in the study and completed online data extraction forms using the charts of 110 patients. The physician sample showed a relatively even distribution for those affiliated with academic versus community hospitals (46% vs 55%). Forty (36.3%) patients were reported to have pancreatic NET (pNET), while 70 (63.6%) patients had gastrointestinal tract (GI)/Lung as the primary NET site. Univariate analysis showed the proportion of patients hospitalized increased from 32.7% during baseline to 42.1% in the progression stages. While surgeries were performed at similar proportions overall at baseline and progression, pNET patients, were more likely than GI/Lung NET patients to have undergone surgery during the baseline (33.3% vs 25.0%) and any progression periods (26.7% vs 23.4%). While peptide-receptor radionuclide and targeted therapy utilization was low across NET types and tumor stages, GI/Lung types exhibited greater utilization of thes

关键词： Gastrointestinal cancers Neuroendocrine tumors Resource utilization Health economics Clinical practice patterns

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Novel therapies for treating atrial fibrillation

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World journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2012年第4期2卷 242-259页

作者： Raj.parikh Philip j. Kadowitz Department of Pharmacology Tulane University School of Medicine New Orleans USA

Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is a major risk factor for stroke, heart failure, and death. Current treatments focus on anti-coagulation as well as rate-control and rhythm-control strategies. Frequent INR checks associated with warfarin along with several adverse side effects of anti-arrhythmics have propelled investigations into novel treatments for atrial fibrillation. Research is focused not only on pioneering new pharmacological antico- agulation and anti-arrhythmic agents but also on improving surgical techniques in hopes of treating the arrhythmia. Here, we first briefly discuss the current treatment options, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, for atrial fibrillation. We then present a focused review of recent animal and human investigations that examine the use of novel an-ticoagulation agents, mechanisms of new anti-arrhythmics, analyze potential triggers of atrial fibrillation, and highlight the role of genetics in atrial fibrillation.

关键词： Atrial Fibrillation Atrial Flutter Arrhythmia Anticoagulation Stroke

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