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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert j.Thomas m.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

Emerging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William j.Flerlage mark L.Dell’Acqua Brian m.Cox Fereshteh S.Nugent Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a major contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying emotional and mood dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(Simmons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct molecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through complex interactions organized by numerous multivalent protein scaffolds,including the family of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AKAps).

关键词： function supporting

State of the Art on micromilling of materials,a Review

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journal of materials Science & Technology 2012年第8期28卷 673-685页

作者： m.A.Cmara j.C. Campos Rubio A.m. Abro j.p. Davim Department of mechanical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv.Ant onio Carlos6627-Pampulha Belo Horizonte MGCEP:31.270-901Brazil Department of mechanical Engineering University of AveiroCampus Universitrio de Santiago3810-193AveiroPortugal

The trend towards miniaturization has increased dramatically over the last decade, especially within the fields concerned with bioengineering, microelectronics, and aerospace. micromillin8 is among the principal manu- facturing processes which have allowed the development of components possessing micrometric dimensions, being used to the manufacture of both forming tools and the final product. The aim of this work is to present the principal aspects related to this technology, with emphasis on the work material requirements, tool ma- terials and geometry, cutting forces and temperature, quality of the finished product, process modelling and monitoring and machine tool requirements. It can be noticed that size effect possesses a relevant role with regard to the selection of both work material （grain size） and tooling （edge radius）. Low forces and temper- ature are recorded during micromillin8, however, the specific cutting force may reach high values because of the ploughing effect observed as the uncut chip thickness is reduced. Finally, burr formation is the principal concern with regard to the quality of the finished part.

关键词： micro-milling micromachining Size effect miniaturization

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： pascal j.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George jimsheleishvili patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander j.p.Goldschmidt Damien D.pearse W.Dalton Dietrich Allan D.Levi james D.Guest miller School of medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The miami project to Cure paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FDA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

Dispersal of the Zhujiang River(pearl River) derived sediment in the Holocene

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第8期33卷 1-9页

作者： GE Qian LIU j.p. XUE Zuo CHU Fengyou Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences State Oceanic AdministrationSecond Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration Department of marine Earth and Atmospheric SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

High-resolution Chirp profiling and coring reveals an elongated （ca. 400 km） Holocene Zhujiang River （pearl River）-derived mud area （maximum thickness 〉 20 m） extending from the Zhujiang River Delta, southwest-ward off the Guangdong coast, to the Leizhou peninsula. Two depo-centers, one proximal and one distal, are identified. On the continental shelf off the west Guangdong province, the mud is deposited in water depth shallower than 50 m; while to the southeast of the Zhujiang River Estuary, the mud area can extend to the -120 m isobath. A combined analysis with the stratigraphic sequences of other muddy deposits in the West-ern pacific marginal seas （mainly Changjiang （Yangtze） and Huanghe （Yellow） Rivers derived） indicates that the initiation of the Zhujiang River muddy deposit can be further divided into two stages： Stage 1 is before the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand （ca. 7.0 cal. ka Bp）, the proximal mud was mostly deposited after 9.0 cal. ka Bp, when the sea-level rose slowly after the meltwater pulse -1C; Stage 2, after the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand, clinoform developed on the continental shelf off the west Guangdong province, extending ca. 400 km from the Zhujiang River Estuary. The proximal clinoform thins offshore, from ca. 10 m thickness around 5-10 m water depth to less than 1-2 m around 20-30 m water depth. In addition, we also find a de-veloped distal clinoform in the east of the Leizhou peninsula.

关键词： South China Sea Zhujiang River mud clinoform

The Virtual Geoscience Workbench, VGW: Open Source tools for discontinuous systems

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particuology 2010年第2期8卷 100-105页

作者： A. munjiza j. Xiang X. Garcia j.p. Latham G.G. Schiava D'Albano N.W.m. john Department of Engineering Queen Mary London University London UK Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College London UK

In 1989 work began on merging finite and discrete elements. During 1990 algorithmic solutions for the new combined method were developed, together with a C-based implementation known as the Y code. In 2004 these developments and implementations were published as a textbook. Queen mary University of London ~QmUL） and Imperial College are currently engaged in a research project to make Y codes in both 2D and 3D available in Open Source format and with mainly geoscience problems in mind. The result is a set of Open Source tools for Geoscience （VGW）, key components of which are summarised in this paper, together with illustrative range of simulation results. 2009 Chinese Society of particuology and Institute of process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Combined finite-discrete elementWorkbenchmodellingGeoscience

Ethanolic extract of puhuang(pollen Typhae) modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response through inducible nitric oxide synthase/cyclooxygenase-2 signaling in RAW 264.7 macrophages

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journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2021年第6期41卷 836-844页

作者： CHEN Tzufan CHEN Chuntzu HUANG Yuanli BASKARAN Rathinasamy TSAI jeffrey j.p. HU Rouhmei Department of Biotechnology Asia UniversityTaichung 41354China Taiwan Department of Bioinformatics and medical Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung 41354China Taiwan

OBjECTIVE:To evaluate the immune modulatory response of puhuang(pollen Typhae),ethanolic extract of dried pollens(Tp-E)and charcoal activated pollens(CTp-E)were used for their phytochemical evaluation and their modulatory response against lipopolysaccharide(LpS)induced inflammatory activity on RAW264.7 macrophage ***:Biochemical assays were carried out to quantify the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl Radical Scavenging Activity,Reducing power,Ferrous ion chelating ability and total polyphenol content and ***-toxic dose of the extract(Tp-E and CTp-E)was chosen based on 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide *** of Tp-E and CTp-E on lipopolysaccharides-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)expression was measured by Western blot and quantitative pCR(q RT-pCR).Expression of inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukins(IL-1βand IL-6)and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),was quantified using q ***-activated protein kinase pathway was analyzed using Western ***:phytochemical analysis revealed that both Tp-E and CTp-E have strong antioxidant activities and high flavonoid and phenolic ***-E and CTp-E effectively inhibit the expression of i NOS and COX-2,thereby inhibiting its downstream proinflammatory regulators,the extracellular signal-related kinase-1/2,that decreases the expression of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α.CONCLUSION:phytochemical constituents present in Typha angustifolia Linn could be used for treating inflammation-related diseases.

关键词： Typha angustifolia lipopolysaccharides inflammation NF-kappa B mitogen-activated protein kinases

REVIEW ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOpmENT OF mAGNESIUm ALLOYS

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2008年第5期21卷 313-328页

作者： Z. Yang j.p. Li j.X. Zhang G.W. Lorimer j. Robson Department of materials Science and Engineering Xilan Jiaotong University Xilan 710049 China Department of materials Science and Engineering Xi＇an Technological University Xi＇an 710032 China manchester materials Science Centre University of Manchester Manchester M 1 7HS UK

The current research and development of magnesium alloys is summarized. Several aspects of magnesium alloys are described： cast mg alloy, wrought mg alloy, and novel processing. The subjects are discussed individuall... 详细信息

关键词： magnesium alloys Novel processing Grain refined

Altitude as environmental filtering influencing phylogenetic diversity and species richness of plants in tropical mountains

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journal of mountain Science 2023年第2期20卷 285-298页

作者： GALVÁN-CISNEROS Carlos m. VILLA pedro m. COELHO Alex j.p. CAmpOS prímula V. mEIRA-NETO joão A.A. Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of plants Departamento de Biologia VegetalUniversidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMG36570-900Brazil Botany Gradute program Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMG36570-900Brazil

Elucidating how multiple factors affect biodiversity and plant community assembly is a central issue in ecology,especially in vulnerable ecosystems such as tropical *** studies are more relevant in global warming scenarios that induce the upward displacement of plant species towards reduced habitats and hostile environments in tropical *** study aimed to analyze how altitude affects taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in plant communities of tropical ***,we tested if(i)increased altitude works as an environmental filtering promoting decreased species richness,decreased phylogenetic diversity,and increased phylogenetic clustering in these tropical mountains;and if(ii)plant communities of high altitude in tropical mountains are also result of recent diversification with plant species recently split shortening phylogenetic distances between closest related *** tested effects of altitude on species richness and phylogenetic metrics using linear mixed-effects *** Haleakala presented 114 species,mount Kilimanjaro presented 231 species and mount purace presented 280 *** found an environmental filtering effect with increasing altitude causing phylogenetic clustering,decreased phylogenetic diversity and decreased species *** decreasing phylogenetic distances between closest relatives are congruent with neo-endemics,suggesting recent plant diversification in high altitudes of tropical mountains,possibly driven by geographic isolation and environmental *** of global warming should be monitored in tropical mountains focusing on distribution shifts.

关键词： Tropical mountains Global warming Environmental filtering phylogenetic ecology Assembly rules Conservation mountaintop vegetation