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Open journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2296-2319页

作者： Brou médard Kouassi Vincent monsan Kablan jérôme Adou Department of mathematics and Computer Science University Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Internet of Things (IoT) networks present unique cybersecurity challenges due to their distributed and heterogeneous nature. Our study explores the effectiveness of two types of deep learning models, long-term memory neural networks (LSTms) and deep neural networks (DNNs), for detecting attacks in IoT networks. We evaluated the performance of six hybrid models combining LSTm or DNN feature extractors with classifiers such as Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbors and XGBoost. The LSTm-RF and LSTm-XGBoost models showed lower accuracy variability in the face of different types of attack, indicating greater robustness. The LSTm-RF and LSTm-XGBoost models show variability in results, with accuracies between 58% and 99% for attack types, while LSTm-KNN has higher but more variable accuracies, between 72% and 99%. The DNN-RF and DNN-XGBoost models show lower variability in their results, with accuracies between 59% and 99%, while DNN-KNN has higher but more variable accuracies, between 71% and 99%. LSTm-based models are proving to be more effective for detecting attacks in IoT networks, particularly for sophisticated attacks. However, the final choice of model depends on the constraints of the application, taking into account a trade-off between accuracy and complexity.

关键词： Internet of Things machine Learning Attack Detection jamming Deep Learning

COVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany m.Zúñiga Forrest L.Baker Helena Batatinha Charles R.Pedlar Shane C.Burgess michael P.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Richard j.Simpson School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona Cancer Center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 *** major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-cell receptor(TCR)-βsequencing,and SARS-CoV-2 nAb ***:COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded ***,non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+and CD8+naive T-cells,as well as CD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group);this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group).Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent *** groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid *** increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral COVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-CoV-2 T-Cells Vaccine

STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第1期19卷 1-154页

作者： m.Achasov X.C.Ai L.P.An R.Aliberti Q.An X.Z.Bai Y.Bai O.Bakina A.Barnyakov V.Blinov V.Bobrovnikov D.Bodrov A.Bogomyagkov A.Bondar I.Boyko Z.H.Bu F.m.Cai H.Cai j.j.Cao Q.H.Cao X.Cao Z.Cao Q.Chang K.T.Chao D.Y.Chen H.Chen H.X.Chen j.F.Chen K.Chen L.L.Chen P.Chen S.L.Chen S.m.Chen S.Chen S.P.Chen W.Chen X.Chen X.F.Chen X.R.Chen Y.Chen Y.Q.Chen H.Y.Cheng j.Cheng S.Cheng T.G.Cheng j.P.Dai L.Y.Dai X.C.Dai D.Dedovich A.Denig I.Denisenko j.m.Dias D.Z.Ding L.Y.Dong W.H.Dong V.Druzhinin D.S.Du Y.j.Du Z.G.Du L.m.Duan D.Epifanov Y.L.Fan S.S.Fang Z.j.Fang G.Fedotovich C.Q.Feng X.Feng Y.T.Feng j.L.Fu j.Gao Y.N.Gao P.S.Ge C.Q.Geng L.S.Geng A.Gilman L.Gong T.Gong B.Gou W.Gradl j.L.Gu A.Guevara L.C.Gui A.Q.Guo F.K.Guo j.C.Guo j.Guo Y.P.Guo Z.H.Guo A.Guskov K.L.Han L.Han m.Han X.Q.Hao j.B.He S.Q.He X.G.He Y.L.He Z.B.He Z.X.Heng B.L.Hou T.j.Hou Y.R.Hou C.Y.Hu H.m.Hu K.Hu R.j.Hu W.H.Hu X.H.Hu Y.C.Hu j.Hua G.S.Huang j.S.Huang m.Huang Q.Y.Huang W.Q.Huang X.T.Huang X.j.Huang Y.B.Huang Y.S.Huang N.Hüsken V.Ivanov Q.P.ji j.j.jia S.jia Z.K.jia H.B.jiang j.jiang S.Z.jiang j.B.jiao Z.jiao H.j.jing X.L.Kang X.S.Kang B.C.Ke m.Kenzie A.Khoukaz I.Koop E.Kravchenko A.Kuzmin Y.Lei E.Levichev C.H.Li C.Li D.Y.Li F.Li G.Li G.Li H.B.Li H.Li H.N.Li H.j.Li H.L.Li j.m.Li j.Li L.Li L.Li L.Y.Li N.Li P.R.Li R.H.Li S.Li T.Li W.j.Li X.Li X.H.Li X.Q.Li X.H.Li Y.Li Y.Y.Li Z.j.Li H.Liang j.H.Liang Y.T.Liang G.R.Liao L.Z.Liao Y.Liao C.X.Lin D.X.Lin X.S.Lin B.j.Liu C.W.Liu D.Liu F.Liu G.m.Liu H.B.Liu j.Liu j.j.Liu j.B.Liu K.Liu K.Y.Liu K.Liu L.Liu Q.Liu S.B.Liu T.Liu X.Liu Y.W.Liu Y.Liu Y.L.Liu Z.Q.Liu Z.Y.Liu Z.W.Liu I.Logashenko Y.Long C.G.Lu j.X.Lu N.Lu Q.F.Lü Y.Lu Y.Lu Z.Lu P.Lukin F.j.Luo T.Luo X.F.Luo Y.H.Luo H.j.Lyu X.R.Lyu j.P.ma P.ma Y.ma Y.m.ma F.maas S.malde D.matvienko Z.X.meng R.mitchell A.Nefediev Y.Nefedov S.L.Olsen Q.Ouyang P.Pakhlov G.Pakhlova X.Pan Y.Pan E.Passemar Y.P.Pei H.P.Peng L.Peng X.Y.Peng X.j.Peng K.Peters S.Pivovarov E.Pyata B.B.Qi Y.Q.Qi W.B.Qian Y.Qian C.F.Qiao j.j.Qin j.j.Qin L.Q.Qin X.S.Qin T.L.Qiu j.Rademacker C.F.Redmer H.Y.Sang Anhui University Hefei 230039China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk 630090Russia CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AveCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China China University of mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116China École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) LausanneSwitzerland Fudan University Shanghai 200433China Goethe University Frankfurt D-60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi Uninversity Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCASHangzhou 310024China Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China Hebei University Baoding 071002China Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601China Helmholtz Institute mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University Kaifeng 475004China High Energy Physics Center Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea Higher School of Economy 11 Pokrovsky Bulvar Moscow 109028Russia Huangshan University Huangshan 245000China Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA Inner mongolia University Hohhot 010021China Institute of Advanced Science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan 11529China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China jilin University Changch

The superτ-charm facility(STCF)is an electron–positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics *** is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of 0.5×10^(35) cm^(–2)·s^(–1) or *** STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the presentτ-charm factory—the BEPCII,providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter(charge-parity violation),in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions,as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard *** STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R&D *** document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF,describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system,and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.

关键词： electron–positron collider tau-charm region high luminosity STCF detector conceptual design

Inhaled volatile anesthetics in the intensive care unit

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World journal of Critical Care medicine 2024年第1期13卷 28-39页

作者： Erin D Wieruszewski mariam ElSaban Patrick m Wieruszewski Nathan j Smischney Department of Pharmacy Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Anesthesiology&Perioperative medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

The discovery and utilization of volatile anesthetics has significantly transformed surgical practices since their inception in the mid-19th ***,a paradigm shift is observed as volatile anesthetics extend beyond traditional confines of the operating theatres,finding diverse applications in intensive care *** the dynamic landscape of intensive care,volatile anesthetics emerge as a promising avenue for addressing complex sedation requirements,managing refractory lung pathologies including acute respiratory distress syndrome and status asthmaticus,conditions of high sedative requirements including burns,high opioid or alcohol use and neurological conditions such as status *** anesthetics can be administered through either inhaled route via anesthetic machines/devices or through extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuitry,providing intensivists with multiple options to tailor ***,their unique pharmacokinetic profiles render them titratable and empower clinicians to individualize management with heightened accuracy,mitigating risks associated with conventional sedation *** the amounting enthusiasm for the use of these therapies,barriers to widespread utilization include expanding equipment availability,staff familiarity and training of safe *** article delves into the realm of applying inhaled volatile anesthetics in the intensive care unit through discussing their pharmacology,administration considerations in intensive care settings,complication considerations,and listing indications and evidence of the use of volatile anesthetics in the critically ill patient population.

关键词： Anesthesia Critical care mechanical ventilation Sedation Volatile anesthetics Sedative

modified activated carbon with interconnected fibrils of iron-oxyhydroxides using mn^(2+) as morphology regulator, for a superior arsenic removal from water

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 403-414页

作者： Cesar Nieto-Delgado joel Gutiérrez-martínez j.Rene Rangel-méndez Environmental Sciences Division Potosino Institute of Scientific and Technological ResearchIPICyT

The arsenic removal efficiency of iron-modified activated carbons depends greatly on the number of available iron oxide surface sites, which are given by the surface area of the anchored particles. In this sense, aiming the generation of an adsorbent with superior arsenic adsorption capacity, we developed a protocol to anchor interconnected fibrils of iron oxyhydroxides, using mn^(2+) as a morphology regulator. The protocol was based on a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, using bituminous based activated carbon and both Fe^(2+) and mn^(2+) ions in the hydrolysis solution. The elemental analysis of modified carbons revealed that mn does not anchor to the carbon. However, when mn is included in the hydrolysis solution, the iron content in the activated carbon increased up to 3.5 wt%,without considerable decreasing the adsorbent surface area. Under specific hydrothermal conditions, the mn^(2+) promoted the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles shaped as interconnected fibrils. This material showed a superior arsenic adsorption capacity in comparison to similar iron modified activated carbons(5 mg As/g carbon, at 2 mg As/L),attributed to the increase in quantity and availability of active sites located on the novel interconnected fibrils of iron oxyhydroxides nanostructures.

关键词： Iron oxide nanostructures Hydrothermal synthesis microwave Adsorption capacity Kinetics

A Tutorial Review of the Solar Power Curve: Regressions, model Chains, and Their Hybridization and Probabilistic Extensions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1023-1067页

作者： Dazhi YANG Xiang’ao XIA martin jános mAYER School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina Key Laboratory for middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Energy Engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3Budapest H-1111Hungary

Owing to the persisting hype in pushing toward global carbon neutrality,the study scope of atmospheric science is rapidly *** numerous trending topics,energy meteorology has been attracting the most attention *** essential skill of solar energy meteorologists is solar power curve modeling,which seeks to map irradiance and auxiliary weather variables to solar power,by statistical and/or physical *** this regard,this tutorial review aims to deliver a complete overview of those fundamental scientific and engineering principles pertaining to the solar power *** power curves can be modeled in two primary ways,one of regression and the other of model *** classes of modeling approaches,alongside their hybridization and probabilistic extensions,which allow accuracy improvement and uncertainty quantification,are scrutinized and contrasted thoroughly in this review.

关键词： review energy meteorology solar power curve model chain solar power prediction

Concentration of Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadmium, and Nickel in the Incinerator Bottom Ash in Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 90-114页

作者： muriithi j. Githinji Paul m. Njogu Zipporah Nganga mohamed Karama Institute of Tropical medicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROmID) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Academic Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya School of Public Health Amref International University Nairobi Kenya

Healthcare wastes contain potentially harmful microorganisms, inorganic and organic compounds that pose a risk to human health and the environment. Incineration is a common method employed in healthcare waste management to reduce volume, quantity, toxicity as well as elimination of microorganisms. However, some of the substances remain unchanged during incineration and become part of bottom ash, such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants. monitoring of pollution by heavy metals is important since their concentrations in the environment affect public health. The goal of this study was to determine the levels of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in the incinerator bottom ash in five selected County hospitals in Kenya. Bottom ash samples were collected over a period of six months. Sample preparation and treatment were done using standard methods. Analysis of the heavy metals were done using atomic absorption spectrophotometer, model AA-6200. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine whether there were significant differences on the mean levels of Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Ni in incinerator bottom ash from the five sampling locations. A post-hoc Tukey’s Test (HSD) was used to determine if there were significant differences between and within samples. The significant differences were accepted at p ≤ 0.05. To standardize the results, overall mean of each metal from each site was calculated. The metal mean concentration values were compared with existing permissible levels set by the WHO. The concentrations (mg/kg) were in the range of 102.27 - 192.53 for Cu, Zn (131.68 - 2840.85), Pb (41.06 - 303.96), Cd (1.92 - 20.49) whereas Ni was (13.83 - 38.27) with a mean of 150.76 ± 77.88 for Copper, 131.66 ± 1598.95 for Zinc, 234.60 ± 262.76 for Lead, 12.256 ± 10.86 for Cadmium and 29.45 ± 18.24 for Nickel across the five sampling locations. There were significant differences between levels determined by one-way ANOVA of Zn (

关键词： Healthcare Waste Disposal Public Health Environment Incineration Heavy metals Bottom Ash

Pre-fire aboveground biomass, estimated from LiDAR, spectral and field inventory data, as a major driver of burn severity in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) ecosystems

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 234-246页

作者： jose manuel fernandez-Guisuraga Susana Suarez-Seoane Paulo mfernandes Victor fernandez-Garcia Alfonso fernandez-manso Carmen Quintano Leonor Calvo Area of Ecology Department of Biodiversity and Environmental ManagementFaculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Leon24071LeonSpain Centro de Investigacao e de Tecnologias Agroambientais e Biologicas Universidade de Tras-os-Montes e Alto Douro5000-801Vila RealPortugal Department of Organisms and Systems Biology(Ecology Unit)and Research Unit of Biodiversity(ImIB UO-CSIC-PA)University of OviedoOviedoMieresSpain Agrarian Science and Engineering Department School of Agricultural and Forestry EngineeringUniversity of Leon24400PonferradaSpain Electronic Technology Department School of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Valladolid47011ValladolidSpain Sustainable Forest management Research Institute University of Valladolid-Spanish National Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology(INIA)34004PalenciaSpain

Background:The characterization of surface and canopy fuel loadings in fire-prone pine ecosystems is critical for understanding fire behavior and anticipating the most harmful ecological effects of ***,the joint consideration of both overstory and understory strata in burn severity assessments is often *** aim of this work was to assess the role of total,overstory and understory pre-fire aboveground biomass(AGB),estimated by means of airborne Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)and Landsat data,as drivers of burn severity in a megafire occurred in a pine ecosystem dominated by Pinus pinaster *** the western mediterranean ***:Total and overstory AGB were more accurately estimated(R^(2) equal to 0.72 and 0.68,respectively)from LiDAR and spectral data than understory AGB(R^(2)=0.26).Density and height percentile LiDAR metrics for several strata were found to be important predictors of *** severity responded markedly and non-linearly to total(R^(2)=0.60)and overstory(R ^(2)=0.53)AGB,whereas the relationship with understory AGB was weaker(R ^(2)=0.21).Nevertheless,the overstory plus understory AGB contribution led to the highest ability to predict burn severity(RmSE=122.46 in dNBR scale),instead of the joint consideration as total AGB(RmSE=158.41).Conclusions:This study novelty evaluated the potential of pre-fire AGB,as a vegetation biophysical property derived from LiDAR,spectral and field plot inventory data,for predicting burn severity,separating the contri-bution of the fuel loads in the understory and overstory strata in Pinus pinaster *** evidenced relationships between burn severity and pre-fire AGB distribution in Pinus pinaster stands would allow the implementation of threshold criteria to support decision making in fuel treatments designed to minimize crown fire hazard.

关键词： Aboveground biomass Burn severity Landsat LiDAR Pinus pinaster

Cyclophilins A and B oppositely regulate renal tubular epithelial cell phenotype

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journal of molecular Cell Biology 2020年第7期12卷 499-514页

作者： Eduard Sarró mónica Durán Ana Rico Diana Bou-Teen Vanesa fernández-majada Anthony j.Croatt Karl A.Nath maria Teresa Salcedo justin H.Gundelach Daniel Batlle Richard j.Bram Anna meseguer Renal Physiopathology Group CIBBIM-NanomedicineVall d’Hebron Research Institute08035 BarcelonaSpain Cardiovascular Diseases Group Vall d’Hebron Research Institute08035 BarcelonaSpain Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering Laboratory Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia(IBEC)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology(BIST)08028 BarcelonaSpain Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Department of medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Department of Pathology Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron08035 BarcelonaSpain Department of Pediatric and Adolescent medicine College of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology College of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA Department of Immunology College of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia molecular Unitat de Bioquímica de MedicinaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Red de Investigación Renal(REDINREN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER28040 MadridSpain

Restoration of kidney tubular epithelium following sublethal injury sequentially involves partial epithelial–mesenchymal transition(pEmT),proliferation,and further redifferentiation into specialized tubule epithelial cells(TECs).Because the immunosuppressant cyclosporine-A produces pEmT in TECs and inhibits the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase(PPIase)activity of cyclophilin(Cyp)proteins,we hypothesized that cyclophilins could regulate TEC *** we demonstrate that in cultured TECs,CypA silencing triggers loss of epithelial features and enhances transforming growth factorβ(TGFβ)-induced EmT in association with upregulation of epithelial repressors Slug and *** pro-epithelial action of CypA relies on its PPIase *** contrast,CypB emerges as an epithelial repressor,because CypB silencing promotes epithelial differentiation,prevents TGFβ-induced EmT,and induces tubular structures in 3D *** addition,in the kidneys of CypB knockout mice subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction,inflammatory and pro-fibrotic events were *** silencing/knockout leads to Slug,but not Snail,*** support of Slug expression depends on its endoplasmic reticulum location,where it interacts with calreticulin,a calcium-buffering chaperone related to Slug *** CypB silencing reduces ionomycin-induced calcium release and Slug upregulation,we suggest that Slug expression may rely on CypB modulation of calreticulin-dependent calcium *** conclusion,this work uncovers new roles for CypA and CypB in modulating TEC plasticity and identifies CypB as a druggable target potentially relevant in promoting kidney repair.

关键词： cyclophilins epithelial phenotype Slug TGFβ UUO fibrosis

Pharmacological methods for ovarian function and fertility preservation in women with cancer:A literature review

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Oncology Research 2024年第8期32卷 1309-1322页

作者： ANA S.CVETANOVIC mATTEO LAmBERTINI KEVIN PUNIE GORANA G.mATOVINA BRKO NIKOLA D.ZIVKOVIC mAjA j.POPOVIC mARIjANA m.mILOVIC KOVACEVIC LAZAR S.POPOVIC Department for Oncology Medical Faculty NisUniversity of NisNis18000Serbia Clinic of Oncology University Clinical Centre NisNis18000Serbia Department of Internal medicine and medical Sciences(DimI) School of MedicineUniversity of GenovaGenova16100Italy Department of medical Oncology U.O.C Clinica di Oncologia MedicaIRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San MartinoGenova16100Italy Department of General medical Oncology and multidisciplinary Breast Centre Leuven Cancer InstituteUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuven3001Belgium Department of medical Oncology Oncology Institute of VojvodinaSremska Kamenica21208Serbia Department for Pathology Medical Faculty NisUniversity of NisNis18000Serbia Center for Pathology University Clinical Centre NisNis18000Serbia Faculty of medicine University of Novi SadNovi Sad21000Serbia Department of medical Oncology Institute of Oncology and Radiology SerbiaBelgrade11000Serbia

Oncofertility is an extremely signiﬁcant topic that is increasingly being discussed owing to increased evidence indicating that fertility preservation does not affect the treatment outcomes of patients with cancer but signiﬁcantly contributes to preserving life *** effect of chemotherapy can range from minimal effects to complete ovarian *** data are available on the effects of monoclonal antibodies and targeted therapies on the ovaries and *** ovarian suppression by administering a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist(GnRHa)during chemotherapy decreases the gonadotoxic effect of chemotherapy,thereby diminishing the chance of developing premature ovarian insufﬁciency(POI).At present,the concomitant administration of GnRH analogs during chemotherapy is the only accepted pharmacological method for preserving ovarian ***,most randomized studies on the effectiveness of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists during chemotherapy in preventing POI have been conducted in women with breast cancer,with a considerably small number of studies on patients with hematological ***,most randomized controlled trials on breast cancer have revealed a decrease in treatment-induced POI risk,regardless of the hormone receptor *** addition,studies on hematological malignancies have yielded negative results;nevertheless,theﬁndings must be interpreted with caution owing to numerous *** guidelines from the American Society of Clinical Oncology and ESmO Clinical Practice Guidelines recommend sperm,oocyte,and embryo cryopreservation as a standard practice and only offering GnRHa to patients when proven fertility preservation methods are not *** this manuscript,we present a comprehensive literature overview on the application of ovarian suppression with GnRHa during chemotherapy in patients with cancer by addressing preclinical and clinical data,as well as future perspectives in thisﬁeld

关键词： Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists(GnRHa) Fertility preservation Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI) Premenopausal patients