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Transpiration Rate and Leaf Water Potential as Indices for Cassava Yield in Inland Valley Ecology

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journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2010年第6期4卷 34-44页

作者： m. T. Lahai I.j. Ekanayake Department of Crop Science Njala University Freetown Sierra Leone International Institute of Tropical Agriculture （IITA） Ibadan Nigeria c/o L. W. Lambourn ＆ Co. Carolyn House 26 Dingwall Road Croydon CR93EE England

Differences in transpiration and leaf water potential （LWP） in relation to cassava yield were investigated along inland valley toposequence in a 4×4 Latin square design. The landrace with the highest transpiration rate and lowest LWP yielded the lowest, while TmS 91/02324 and TmS 91/02327 with intermediate rate and highest LWP yielded the highest, indicating that high transpiration rate associated with low LWP reduced yield. Transpiration was lower in the fringe with deeper water table than valley bottom at deep water table site, while at shallow water table, it was higher in the fringe than valley bottom, suggesting that drought and excess moisture reduced transpiration. LWP and water table depth correlated negatively indicating that shallow water table reduced transpiration by reducing LWP. Transpiration increased and LWP decreased as radiation, leaf temperature and vapour pressure deficit increased and differences in these microclimatic conditions caused differences in the two processes between sites, years and time of day. Under mild water stress, transpiration and LWP were higher in the afternoon than the morning, but the reverse occurred under severe stress. TmS 91/02324 and TmS 91/02327 had the highest LWP under severe stress, indicating their higher drought tolerance than the other cultivars.

关键词： Transpiration rate leaf water potential root yield cassava cultivars water table depth weather condition inland valley ecology.

Effect of Austenite Ageing on martensitic Transformation

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journal of materials Science & Technology 1997年第6期13卷 508-514页

作者： Chen, QZ Wu, XF Wei, LY Ke, j Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Dept Mat Phys Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The effect of austenite ageing on martensite transformation in an iron and nickel alloy was studied. Attention was paid to the variation of dislocation configurations in austenite before martensite transformation, The clusters or precipitates produced during austenite ageing and the alteration of dislocation configurations affect together the consequent martensite transformation. Dispersed fine clusters and precipitates cripple nucleus role of special dislocation configurations and drop m-s. Coarse precipitates make m-g rise again. Densely piled up dislocations in nuclei lead to rise of m-s. All the changes in austenite are of benefit to small martensite plates.

关键词： Iron alloys

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THE TREATmENT OF OLD DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1936年第9期50卷 1161-1172+1324-1326页

作者： C. m. mENG LEO j. mILTNER m.D. Division of Orthopedic Surgery Department of SurgeryPeiping Union Medical College Peiping China

1. The pathological anatomy of old traumatic dislocation of the shoulder is reviewed and discussed. The dangers of late manipulation are cmphasized.2. The iadications for surgical treatment are outlined. Surgical interference is not advised for old dislocation of the shoulder if good function of the arm is present.3. The technique of open redaction is described and the alternativemethods of surgical treatment such as resection, arthroplasty and artbrodesis are mentioned.4. Fifteen cases of old traumatic dislocation of the shoulder (14 anterior and I posterior), treated by open operation, are reported. Open reduction was successful in 13 cases. In one case, resection of the head of the humerus was necessary because of fracture of the surgical neck during operation. In another case, the open reduction was not completed because of uncontrollable hemorrhage.5. Particular emphasis is placed upon the necessity for carefully applied and prolonged past-operative physiotherapeutie treatment.

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人工智能和放射科医生对乳腺X线筛查的全民评估

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国际医学放射学杂志 2024年第4期 503-503页

作者： j.Kühl m.T.Elhakim S.W.Stougaard B.S.B.Rasmussen m.Nielsen O.Gerke 高佳音

摘要目的基于对筛查区域内全部适宜人群的乳腺X线摄影，比较初诊乳腺放射科医生和人工智能（AI）在乳腺癌检测方面的价值。方法纳入2014年8月4日—2018年8

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Heat Transfer During Radio Frequency Inductively Coupled Plasma Deposition of Tungsten

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Plasma Science and Technology 2007年第4期9卷 427-430页

作者：蒋显亮 m.I.BOULOS Institute of Surface and Coatings Technology Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Plasma Technology Research Center University of SherbrookeSherbrookeJ1K 2R1Canada

Particle melting and substrate temperature are important in controlling deposited density and residual stress in thermal plasma deposition of refractory materials. In this paper, both the heating and cooling behaviours of tungsten particles inside a radio frequency inductively coupled plasma （ICP） and the plasma heat flux to the substrate were investigated. The distribution of the plasma-generated heat on device, powder injection probe, deposition chamber, and substrate was determined by measuring the water flow rate and the flow-in and flow-out water temperatures in the four parts. Substrate temperature was measured by a two-colour pyrometer during the ICP deposition of tungsten. Experimental results show that the heat flux to the substrate accounts for about 20% of the total plasma energy, the substrate temperature can reach as high as 2100 K, and the heat loss by radiation is significant in the plasma deposition of tungsten.

关键词： induction plasma thermal spray deposition tungsten substrate temperature heat radiation

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A NUmERIGAL EXPLORATION OF SECONDARY STARTING FLOW AROUND A FLAT PLATE BY THE DISCRETE VORTEX mODEL

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Acta mechanica Sinica 1988年第4期 311-318页

作者： P.W.Bearman j.m.R.Graham London SW7 2BY Imperial College of Science and Technology Department of Aeronautics

In the present work,a further numerical simulation of the starting flow around a flatplate normal to the direction of motion in a uniform fluid has been made by means of the discretevortex *** secondary separation occurring at rear surface of the plate is explored,andpredicted approximately using Thwait’s *** calculated results show that in the early stages ofthe flow secondary separation does *** evolution of flow field,the vortex growing process andthe characteristics of secondary vortices have been *** time dependent drag coefficients,the vorticity shed from the edges and rear surface,and the separation positions are calculated as well asthe distributions of velocity and pressure on the *** the case of flow normal to the plate,thecalculated secondary vortices are *** existence will change the local velocity distributions andaffect pressure ***,the effect on drag coefficient is negligible.

关键词： starting flow flat plate secondary separation discrete vortex model numerical exploration

SURVEY OF URBAN PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE IN CHINA

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1934年第10期48卷 1074-1079页

作者： j.B.GRANT T.m.P’ENG Chairman of the Committee on the Survey of Urban Public Health Practice in China of the Council on Public Health of the Chinese medical Association Department of Public Health Peiping Union Medical CollegePeiping.

It is impressive,after a review of the health conditions,in the 19 cities,to note that the problem of public health in China is more a question of com-petent personnel than of *** many cities do not provide adequatefunds for health work,achievements are negligible in other cities wherefunds are *** cleaning stands out as the first concern of the health *** as the idea may be,it constitutes the most accessible channel for theintroduction of modern measures of public *** spite of its superficialsignificance,the public health worker may,for a time,have to place the mainemphasis of any work on sanitation of *** relief ranks second in *** is community conscious-ness for the need of this *** cities are spending large sums on *** health officer should,therefore,devote a large portion of his time and ofthe money available for medical *** most valuable functions of the public health service,such as maternityand child welfare,school health,communicable disease control,etc.,challengea vigorous effort on the part of the health officer for their development.

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Quality assessment of graphene： Continuity, uniformity, and accuracy of mobility measurements

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Nano Research 2017年第10期10卷 3596-3605页

作者： David m. A. mackenzie jonas D. Buron Patrick R. Whelan josé m. Carida martin Bjergfelt Bironq Luo Abhay Shivayogimath Anne L. Smitshuysen joachim D. Thomsen Timothy j. Booth Lene Gammelgaard johanna Zultak Bjarke S. jessen Peter Boggild Dirch H. Petersen Department of micro- and Nanotechnology Technical University of Denmark Orsteds Plads 345 B Kongens Lyngby 2800 Denmark Center for Nanostructured Graphene (CNG) Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby 2800 Denmark

With the increasing availability of large-area graphene, the ability to rapidly and accurately assess the quality of the electrical properties has become critically important. For practical applications, spatial variability in carrier density and carrier mobility must be controlled and minimized. We present a simple framework for assessing the quality and homogeneity of large-area graphene devices. The field effect in both exfoliated graphene devices encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride and chemical vapor-deposited （CVD） devices was measured in dual current-voltage configurations and used to derive a single, gate-dependent effective shape factor, t, for each device, β is a sensitive indicator of spatial homogeneity that can be obtained from samples of arbitrary shape. All 50 devices investigated in this study show a variation （up to tenfold） in β as a function of the gate bias. Finite element simulations suggest that spatial doping inhomogeneity, rather than mobility inhomogeneity, is the primary cause of the gate dependence of β, and that measurable variations of β can be caused by doping variations as small as 10^10 cm^-2. Our results suggest that local variations in the position of the Dirac point alter the current flow and thus the effective sample shape as a function of the gate bias. We also found that such variations lead to systematic errors in carrier mobility calculations, which can be revealed by inspecting the corresponding β factor.

关键词： chemical vapor-deposited (CVD) graphene doping inhomogeneity electrical measurements van der Pauw hBN-encapsulated graphene finite element simulations Raman mapping

Hydrodynamics between Africa and Antarctica during Austral Summer of 2008 and 2009: Results of the IPY Project

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International journal of Geosciences 2013年第2期4卷 494-510页

作者： Alvarinho j. Luis S. m. Pednekar National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) Earth System Science Organization Ministry of Earth Sciences Government of India New Delhi India

A hydrographic section between Cape Town,South AfricaandIndiaBay,Antarcticawas sampled by deploying expendable CTD probes during the austral summer of 2008 and 2009. In 2009, the Agulhas Retroflection (AR) Front was displaced southward by 1.5° latitude, while the northern and southern Polar Front meandered southward by 1° and 1.4° latitude, respectively, relative to their positions in 2008. Geostrophic transport, relative to1000 m, indicates that Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) flow decreased by 2.5 Sv in 2009 compared to that in 2008. The anticyclones which are detached from the AR facilitates a transport to the southeast Atlantic Ocean ranging between 8 and 12 Sv. Nearly 50% of the ACC transport is confined to the 100 - 500 m layer. A comparison of water mass distribution for 2008 and 2009 suggests that mode Water distribution was restricted to 42.5°S and 41.9°S, and the Antarctic Surface Water ex°tended to 57.6°S and 46.6°S, respectivel°. In 2009, the along track Heat Content (HC) and Salt Content (SC) for the upper750 mof the water column decreased each by 1% compared to those in 2008. In the ACC domain, the HC and SC dip by 36% and 40% in 2009, respectively. The HC and SC associated with Agulhas Retroflection Front increase in 2009 by 1% and 2%, respectively, due to an enhanced Agulhas transport of warm and saline water from the tropics by 2%.

关键词： Component Formatting Style Styling Insert