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Socio-economic factors influencing mopane worm(Imbrasia belina) harvesting in Limpopo Province, South Africa

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journal of Forestry Research 2016年第2期27卷 443-452页

作者： L.j.S.Baiyegunhi B.B.Oppong M.G.Senyolo SAEES-Discipline of Agricultural Economics University of KwaZulu-Natal Department of Crop Sciences Faculty of Science Twshane University of Technology

In South Africa, non-timber forest products, especially mopane worms （Imbrasia belina） have become an important source of food and cash income for rural people living in or near the mopane woodlands. However, the continued harvesting has implications for long term management of the mopane woodlands in the northern parts of South Africa. In order to keep a balance between mopane worm harvesting and biodiversity, an understand- ing of socio-economic factors influencing the harvest at household level is vital to reducing depletion and overex- ploitation of the mopane woodland resources. This study evaluated the socio-economic factors influencing mopane worm harvesting decisions in rural households in Limpopo Province, South Africa using a binary logistic regression model based on a household survey of 120 respondents. Age, gender, education, income from mopane worm sales, social capital （group affiliation）, household size, lack of institution/law to regulate use, distance to the nearest har- vesting site, and regional locations were statistically significant factors influencing household mopane worm harvest decisions. Implications for policy are discussed.

关键词： NTFPs Mopane worm Harvesting Livelihood Conservation South Africa

Immunological battlefield in gastric cancer and role of immunotherapies

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6373-6384页

作者： Minyu Wang Rita A Busuttil Sharon Pattison Paul j Neeson Alex Boussioutas Cancer Genetics and Genomics Laboratory Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre East Melbourne 3002 Victoria Australia Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology The University of Melbourne Parkville 3050 Victoria Australia Department of Medicine The University of Melbourne Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville 3050 Victoria Australia Department of Medicine Dunedin School of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin 9016 New Zealand Southern Blood and Cancer Service Southern District Health Board Dunedin 9054 New Zealand Cancer Immunology Research Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre East Melbourne 3002 Victoria Australia Pathology Department University of Melbourne Parkville 3050 Victoria Australia

Like the wars predating the First World War where human foot soldiers were deemed tools in the battlefield against an enemy, so too are the host immune cells of a patient battling a malignant gastric cancer. Indeed, the tumour microenvironment resembles a battlefield, where the patient's immune cells are the defence against invading tumour cells. However, the relationship between different immune components of the host response to cancer is more complex than an "us against them" model. Components of the immune system inadvertently work against the interests of the host and become pro-tumourigenic while other components soldier on against the common enemy – the tumour cell.

关键词： Immune Gastric cancer Immune therapy Immunology Tumour microenvironment

Anxiety disorders in patients with cardiopulmonary diseases:A brief review

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第2期2卷 72-79页

作者： Ashley Grace Swavely j.Larry Durstine Cardiac Diagnostic Unit-Clinic 2K Duke Clinic Duke University HospitalDurhamNCUSA Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation New Hanover Regional Medical CenterWilmingtonNCUSA Department of Exercise Science University of South CarolinaNorman J.Arnold School of Public HealthColumbiaSCUSA

This manuscript reviews the current literature involving clinical anxiety and cardiopulmonary disease,considers the hypothesized physiological mechanisms for anxiety,and discusses the use of exercise as a treatment for both anxiety and cardiopulmonary *** literature summary consists of original investigations,meta-analysis,commentaries,and review publications in order to better understand the biological and psychological mechanisms for using exercise as treatment and to provide details specific to cardiopulmonary disease and anxiety management.A gap in the literature exists concerning the anxiolytic effects of exercise as a psychological and physical treatment in cardiopulmonary *** findings from this review support further investigation into the use of exercise to ameliorate the burden of anxiety in cardiopulmonary disease *** review evaluates the current literature surrounding cardiopulmonary disease and anxiety.A systematic literature search identified articles discussing the prevalence,association,and risk of anxiety in cardiopulmonary *** depression is often studied in this population,recent investigation supports a need for further research regarding anxiety in cardiopulmonary *** to manage patients’psychological profile can reduce exacerbations of known disease,reduce hospital readmission,and improve functional capacity,and overall quality of life.

关键词： Anxiety Cardiopulmonary disease CAD COPD Exercise

An underlying geometrical manifold for Hamiltonian mechanics

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Frontiers of physics 2017年第1期12卷 123-131页

作者： L. P. Horwitz A. Yahalom j. Levitan M. Lewkowicz School of Physics Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv 69978 Israel Department of Physics Bar llan University Ramat Gan 52900 Israel Department of Physics Ariel University Ariel 40700 Israel Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ariel University Ariel 40700 Israel

We show that there exists an underlying manifold with a conformal metric and compatible connection form, and a metric type Hamiltonian （which we call the geometrical picture）, that can be put into correspondence with the usual Hamilton-Lagrange mechanics. The requirement of dynamical equiva- lence of the two types of Hamiltonians, that the momenta generated by the two pictures be equal for all times, is sufficient to determine an expansion of the conformal factor, defined on the geometrical coordinate representation, in its domain of analyticity with coefficients to all orders determined by functions of the potential of the Hamiltonian-Lagrange picture, defined on the Hamilton-Lagrange coordinate representation, and its derivatives. Conversely, if the conformal function is known, the potential of a Hamilton-Lagrange picture can be determined in a similar way. We show that arbi- trary local variations of the orbits in the Hamilton-Lagrange picture can be generated by variations along geodesics in the geometrical picture and establish a correspondence which provides a basis for understanding how the instability in the geometrical picture is manifested in the instability of the the original Hamiltonian motion.

关键词： geometrical Hamiltonian stability analysis coordinate mapping Riemann-Euclidean Hamiltonian equivalence

Structural geometry of orogenic gold deposits： Implications for exploration of world-class and giant deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1163-1177页

作者： David I.Groves M.Santosh Richard j.Goldfarb Liang Zhang Orebusters Pty Ltd Gwelup 6018 Western Australia Australia State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration Dept. of Earth Sciences University of Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Division of Interdisciplinary Science Faculty of Science Kochi University Kochi 780-8520 Japan

With very few exceptions, orogenic gold deposits formed in subduction-related tectonic settings in accretionary to collisional orogenic belts from Archean to Tertiary times. Their genesis, including metal and fluid source, fluid pathways, depositional mechanisms, and timing relative to regional structural and metamorphic events, continues to be controversial. However, there is now general agreement that these deposits formed from metamorphic fluids, either from metamorphism of intra-basinal rock sequences or de-volatilization of a subducted sediment wedge, during a change from a compressional to transpressional, less commonly transtensional, stress regime, prior to orogenic collapse. In the case of Archean and Paleoproterozoic deposits, the formation of orogenic gold deposits was one of the last events prior to cratonization. The late timing of orogenic gold deposits within the structural evolution of the host orogen implies that any earlier structures may be mineralized and that the current structural geometry of the gold deposits is equivalent to that at the time of their formation provided that there has been no significant post-gold orogenic overprint. Within the host volcano-sedimentary sequences at the province scale, world-class orogenic gold deposits are most commonly located in second-order structures adjacent to crustal scale faults and shear zones, representing the first-order ore-forming fluid pathways, and whose deep lithospheric connection is marked by lamprophyre intrusions which, however, have no direct genetic association with gold deposition. More specifically, the gold deposits are located adjacent to ～10°-25° district-scale jogs in these crustal-scale faults. These jogs are commonly the site of arrays of ～70° cross faults that accommodate the bending of the more rigid components, for example volcanic rocks and intrusive sills, of the host belts. Rotation of blocks between these accommodation faults causes failure of more competent units and/or re

关键词： Structural geometry Tectonic history Fluid pathways Orogenic gold deposits Exploration criteria

Characterizing the Exchange Interaction of Sm-Co/Co(and Fe_(65)Co_(35))Magnetic Films

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2007年第4期23卷 521-524页

作者： Caiyin YOU Zhidong ZHANG Xiaokai SUN C.j.Yang Wei LIU Xingguo ZHAO Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research and International Centre for Materials Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Electromagnetic Materials Laboratory Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology （RIST） P.O. Box 135 790-330 Pohang South Korea

Exchange interaction plays an important role on magnetic properties of nanocomposite magnets consisting of hard- and soft-magnetic phases. Here the exchange interaction in the Sm-Co/Co （and Fe65Co35） magnetic films was characterized by measuring static （mr（H）） and demagnetized （md（H）） remanence curves. According to conventional method： δm（H）=md（H） - [1 - 2mr（H）], the exchange interaction was evaluated. The switching fields H′p and Hp, at which static （mr（H）） and demagnetized （md（H）） remanence show the fastest change, were identified. The relative ratio η=Hp-H′p/Hp of switching fields H′p and Hp has a linear relationship with the maximum value δmmax of δm（H） curves, proposing an alternative way to characterize the exchange interaction.

关键词： Multilayered films Exchange interaction Switching field Magnetic properties

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Open lung in ARDS

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2003年第12期 130-133页

作者： jack j HAITSMA,Robert A LACHMANN,Burkhard LACHMANN Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands Deptartment of Anesthesiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands

Every year, millions of patients worldwide receive ventilator support during surgery. Mechanical ventilation has become an important therapy in the treatment of patients with impaired pulmonary function and particularly in patients suffering from adult respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）. ARDS is caused by multiple factors and is characterized by respiratory dysfunction including hypoxemia and decreased lung compliance. It is known that the decrease in lung distensibility is due to a disturbed surfactant system with an elevated surface tension. This increase in surface tension leads to an increase in forces acting at the air-liquid interface, resulting finally in endexpiratory collapse, atelectasis, an increase in right-to-left shunt and a decrease in PaO2.

关键词： lung it on or as ARDS Open lung in ARDS in

When a general morphology allows many habitat uses

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第6期11卷 483-499页

作者： María j.TULLI Félix B.CRUZ Tiana KOHLSDORF Virginia ABDALA Unidad Ejecutora Lillo(CONICET)Instituto de Herpetología Fundación Miguel LilloTucumánArgentina Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente(INIBIOMA)CONICET-UNCOMA BarilocheRío NegroArgentina Departamento de Biologia-FFCLRP Universidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical UNT-CONICETCátedra de Biología GeneralFacultad de Ciencias Naturales e IMLTucumánArgentina

During the last decades the study of functional morphology received more attention incorporating more detailed data corresponding to the internal anatomy that together contribute for a better understanding of the functional basis in *** we focus on 2 lizard families,Tropiduridae and Liolaemidae,and use information related to muscle-tendinous and external morphology traits of hind *** investigate whether the value of the traits analyzed tend to exhibit a reduced phenotypic variation produced by stabilizing selection,and whether species showing specialization in their habitat use will also exhibit special morphological features related to *** a result,we identified that evolution of hind limb traits is mainly explained by the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model,suggesting stabilizing *** and tropidurids show clear ecomorphological trends in the variables considered,with sand lizards presenting the most specialized morphological *** ecomorphological trends differ between the 2 lineages,and traits of internal morphology tend to be more flexible than those of external morphology,restricting the ability to identify ecomorphs shared between these 2 *** traits of external morphology likely explain such restriction,as ecomorphs have been historically defined in other lizard clades based on variation of external morphology.

关键词： external morphology Lioalemidae muscles tendon Tropiduridae

IgG and fibrinogen driven nanoparticle aggregation

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Nano Research 2015年第8期8卷 2733-2743页

作者： Risto Cukalevski Silvia A. Ferreira Christopher j. Dunning Tord Berggard Tommy Cedervall Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology Centre for Molecular Protein Science Chemical Centre Lund University PO Box 124 SE-22100 Lund Sweden Centre for Biological Engineering University of Minho Campus Gualtar 4710-057 Braga Portugal Neuronal Survival Unit Department of Experimental Medical Science Wallenberg Neuroscience Center Lund University BMC B 11 22184 Lund Sweden Alligator Bioscience AB Lund Sweden

A thorough understanding of how proteins induce nanoparticle （NP） aggregation is crucial when designing in vitro and in vivo assays and interpreting experimental results. This knowledge is also crucial when developing nano-applications and formulation for drug delivery systems. In this study, we found that extraction of immunoglobulin G （IgG） from cow serum results in lower polystyrene NPs aggregation. Moreover, addition of isolated IgG or fibrinogen to fetal cow serum enhanced this aggregation, thus demonstrating that these factors are major drivers of NP aggregation in serum. Counter-intuitively, NP aggregation was inversely dependent on protein concentration; i.e., low protein concentrations induced large aggregates, whereas high protein concentrations induced small aggregates. Protein-induced NP aggregation and aggregate size were monitored by absorbance at 400 nm and dynamic light scattering, respectively. Here, we propose a mechanism behind the protein concentration dependent aggregation; this mechanism involves the effects of multiple protein interactions on the NP surface, surface area limitations, aggregation kinetics, and the influence of other serum proteins.

关键词： nanoparticles(NPs) protein coron aggregation immunoglobulin