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Correction to:Preface:Special Issue on Modeling,Simulation,and Optimization in Operational Research

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journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第2期12卷 548-548页

作者： Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber j.joshua thomas jose Antonio Marmolejo Saucedo Ugo Fiore Igor Litvinchev Pandian Vasant Poznan University of Technology PoznanPoland Institute of Applied Mathematics Middle East Technical UniversityAnkaraTurkey UOW Malaysia KDU Penang University CollegePetaling JayaMalaysia Facultad de Ingenieria Universidad PanamericanaMexico CityMexico Parthenope University and at Federico II University NaplesItaly Nuevo Leon State University San Nicolas de los GarzaMexico MERLIN Research Centre Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam

Synaptic electronics and neuromorphic computing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第6期59卷 56-81页

作者： Navnidhi K.UPADHYAY Saumil jOSHI j.joshua YANG Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts

In order to map the computing architecture and intelligent functions of the human brain on hardware, we need electronic devices that can emulate biological synapses and even neurons, preferably at the physical level. Beginning with the history of neuromorphic computation, in this article, we will briefly review the architecture of the brain and the learning mechanisms responsible for its plasticity. We will also introduce several memristive devices that have been used to implement electronic synapses, presenting some important milestones in this area of research and discussing their advantages, disadvantages, and future prospects.

关键词： memristors neuromorphic engineering RRAM synapses synaptic devices

Artificial neural networks based on memristive devices

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第6期61卷 145-158页

作者： Vignesh RAVICHANDRAN Can LI Ali BANAGOZAR j.joshua YANG Qiangfei XIA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Massachusetts

The advent of memristive devices and the continuing research and development in the field of neuromorphic computing show great potential as an alternative to traditional von Neumann computing and bring us ever closer to realizing a true "thinking machine". Novel neural network architectures and algorithms inspired by the brain are becoming more and more attractive to keep up with computing needs,relying on intrinsic parallelism and reduced power consumption to outperform more conventional computing methods. This article provides an overview of various neural networks with an emphasis on networks based on memristive emerging devices, with the advantages of memristor neural networks compared with pure complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) implementations. A general description of neural networks is presented, followed by a survey of prominent CMOS networks, and finally networks implemented using emerging memristive devices are discussed, along with the motivation for developing memristor based networks and the computational potential these networks possess.

关键词： neuromorphic computing memristors neural networks

Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert j.thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Scientifically advanced woody media for improved water quality from livestock woodchip heavy-use areas

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 35-43页

作者： Laura Christianson David DeVallance joshua Faulkner thomas Basden Crop Sciences University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Wood Science and Technology West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506 USA University of Vermont Extension UVM Center for Sustainable Agriculture Burlington VT 05401 USA West Virginia University Extension West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506 USA

Overwintering cattle on pastures in many areas can damage the pasture and lead to impaired water quality. During these times, use ofa woodchip heavy-use area （HUA） presents advantages such as a soft, supportive, and dry toot surface for animals and protection of the pasture and pasture soils. However, woodchip HUAs can also be a centralized source of high nutrient loads due to their drainage outflows. A column study was conducted to assess the nutrient load reduction potential of： 1 ） six types of wood media （including torrefied wood media and biochar） that could be used in a woodchip HUA versus a gravel control, and 2） providing a 48 h retention time within the wood media to enhance nitrogen removal through denitrification. The woody media provided significant liquid waste volume reduction compared to the gravel in simulated events （53%-61% vs. 39% reductions, respectively）, and there may be additional liquid storage capacity in the woodchips not utilized during these rapid events. Substantial total nitrogen removal by the wood treatments （mean removal efficiencies 〉 50%） was observed across the sinmlated events, although nitrate leaching also occurred. Nitrate removal was enhanced during the 48 h retention test which showed removal was governed by availability of labile carbon （i.e., fresh woodchips exhibited 〉 70% nitrate removal）. The retention test also indicated biochar mixtures provided some of the best total phosphorus removal, but the greatest benefits across all parameters was provided by the Mixed Hardwood treatment.

关键词： Overwinter Heavy-use area Nutrient pollution Torrefied Woodchip

Sodium arsenite reduces severity of dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats

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journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第4期9卷 341-350页

作者： joshua j. MALAGO Hortensia NONDOLI Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Sokoine University of Agriculture P.O. Box 3203 Morogoro Tanzania Regional Immigration Office P.O. Box 649 Mtwara Tanzania

The histopathological features and the associated clinical findings of ulcerative colitis (UC) are due to persistent inflammatory response in the colon mucosa. Interventions that suppress this response benefit UC patients. We tested whether sodium arsenite (SA) benefits rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-colitis. The DSS-colitis was induced by 5% DSS in drinking water. SA (10 mg/kg; intraperitoneally) was given 8 h before DSS treatment and then every 48 h for 3 cycles of 7, 14 or 21 d. At the end of each cycle rats were sacrificed and colon sections processed for histological examination. DSS induced diarrhea, loose stools, hemoccult positive stools, gross bleeding, loss of body weight, loss of epithelium, crypt damage, depletion of goblet cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells. The severity of these changes increased in the order of Cycles 1, 2 and 3. Treatment of rats with SA significantly reduced this severity and improved the weight gain.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Dextran sulfate sodium Sodium arsenite Rats

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Soft Sensors for Property‑Controlled Multi‑Stage Press Hardening of 22MnB5

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Automotive Innovation 2023年第3期6卷 352-363页

作者： juri Martschin Malte Wrobel joshua Grodotzki thomas Meurer A.Erman Tekkaya Institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Components TU Dortmund UniversityBaroper Str.30344227 DortmundGermany Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hertzstr.1676187 KarlsruheGermany

In multi-stage press hardening,the product properties are determined by the thermo-mechanical history during the sequence of heat treatment and forming *** measure these properties and finally to control them by feedback,two soft sensors are developed in this *** press hardening of 22MnB5 sheet material in a progressive die,where the material is first rapidly austenitized,then pre-cooled,stretch-formed,and finally die bent,serves as the framework for the development of these *** provide feedback on the temporal and spatial temperature distribution,a soft sensor based on a model derived from the Dynamic mode decomposition(DMD)is *** model is extended to a parametric DMD and combined with a Kalman filter to estimate the temperature(-distribution)as a function of all process-relevant control *** soft sensor can estimate the temperature distribution based on local thermocouple measurements with an error of less than 10°C during the process-relevant time *** the online prediction of the final microstructure,an artificial neural network(ANN)-based microstructure soft sensor is *** part of this,a transferable framework for deriving input parameters for the ANN based on the process route in multi-stage press hardening is presented,along with a method for developing a training database using a 1-element model implemented with LS-Dyna and utilizing the material model Mat248(PHS_BMW).The developed ANN-based microstructure soft sensor can predict the final microstructure for specific regions of the formed and hardened sheet in a time span of far less than 1 s with a maximum deviation of a phase fraction of 1.8%to a reference simulation.

关键词： Press hardening Property control Soft sensor Artificial neuronal network Dynamic mode decomposition

Individualized treatment options for patients with non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic liver disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第19期27卷 2281-2298页

作者： Lukas Hartl joshua Elias Gerhard Prager thomas Reiberger Lukas W Unger Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaVienna A-1090Austria Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab Medical University of ViennaVienna A-1090Austria Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB20AWUnited Kingdom Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of CambridgeAddenbrooke’s HospitalCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom Division of Visceral Surgery Department of General SurgeryMedical University of ViennaVienna A-1090Austria

The obesity pandemic has led to a significant increase in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).While dyslipidemia,type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases guide treatment in patients without signs of liver fibrosis,liver related morbidity and mortality becomes relevant for MAFLD’s progressive form,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),and upon development of liver *** should be prescribed in patients without significant fibrosis despite concomitant liver diseases but are underutilized in the real-world *** surgery,especially Y-Roux bypass,has been proven to be superior to conservative and/or medical treatment for weight loss and resolution of obesity-associated diseases,but comes at a low but existent risk of surgical complications,reoperations and very rarely,paradoxical progression of *** end-stage liver disease develops,obese patients benefit from liver transplantation(LT),but may be at increased risk of perioperative infectious *** LT,metabolic comorbidities are commonly observed,irrespective of the underlying liver disease,but MAFLD/NASH patients are at even higher risk of disease *** studies with low patient numbers evaluated if,and when,bariatric surgery may be an option to avoid disease recurrence but more high-quality studies are needed to establish clear *** this review,we summarize the most recent literature on treatment options for MAFLD and NASH and highlight important considerations to tailor therapy to individual patient’s needs in light of their risk profile.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Bariatric surgery Metabolism

Nociceptors are needed to guide tooth development,function,repair,and regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1503-1504页

作者： Sarah B.Peters joshua j.Emrick Division of Biosciences College of DentistryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences&Prosthodontics School of DentistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

Toothaches have received widespread attention and commentary dating back to ancient times,appearing in Egyptian texts from over 3000 years ago and the writings of Hippocrates,Aristotle,and *** studies of the innervation of dental pulp and dentin date back to at least the 1800’s,yet our understanding of the basis for tooth pain is still *** treatments for toothache continue to be drastic and irreversible,including removal of the dental pulp or extraction of the *** the trigeminal sensory innervation of the tooth pulp is commonly the origin of toothache pain,it is also indispensable for normal function and physiology,and should be retained as an integral part of the repaired *** or regeneration of the dental pulp and its innervation could represent the next step in restorative dentistry,but a better understanding of the roles of the tooth’s sensory nerve supply and the mechanisms underlying its development and repair is needed.

关键词： function irreversible repair

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