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Effect of dietary fibre on the gastrointestinal microbiota during critical illness:A scoping review

World journal of Critical Care Medicine 2025年第1期14卷 49-59页

作者： Angajendra N ghosh Calum j Walsh Matthew j Maiden Tim P Stinear Adam M Deane Department of Intensive Care The Northern HospitalEpping 3076VictoriaAustralia Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourne 3052VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia Department of Intensive Care Medicine The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkville 3050VictoriaAustralia

The systemic effects of gastrointestinal(gI)microbiota in health and during chronic diseases is increasingly *** strategies to modulate the gI microbiota during chronic diseases have demonstrated *** changes in dietary intake can rapidly change the gI microbiota,the impact of dietary changes during acute critical illness on the microbiota remain *** fibre is metabolised by carbohydrate-active enzymes and,in health,can alter gI *** aim of this scoping review was to describe the effects of dietary fibre supplementation in health and disease states,specifically during critical *** controlled trials and prospective cohort studies that include adults(>18 years age)and reported changes to gI microbiota as one of the study outcomes using non-culture methods,were *** show dietary fibres have an impact on faecal microbiota in health and *** fibre,inulin,has a marked and specific effect on increasing the abundance of faecal *** chain fatty acids produced by Bifidobacteria have been shown to be beneficial in other patient *** few trials have evaluated the effect of dietary fibre on the gI microbiota during critical *** research is necessary to establish optimal fibre type,doses,duration of intervention in critical illness.

关键词： gastrointestinal microbiota Dietary fibre Health Critical illness Short chain fatty acids

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DISSOLUTION KINETICS OF PHOSPHATE ORE IN ACIDIC SOLUTIONS

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 1994年第2期2卷 13-22页

作者：马三剑 E.T.M.j.Martynowicz g.j.Witkamp g.M.vanRosmalen Faculty of Chemical Technology and Material Science Delft University of TechnologyLeeghwaterstraat 442628RZ DelftThe Netherlands

The dissolution kinetics of Florida and jordan phosphate ore was studied in diluted nitric acid (0.2, 0.5, 1.0 mol ·L-1), and in phosphoric acid (55 wt% H3PO4) aqueous solutions. It was found that the hydrogen ions concentration is a controlling factor, but the calcium ions concentration can not affect the dissolution rate in the range of 0.0 and 2.0 wt% Ca2+. The effects of temperature, stirring intensity and the size of ore particles were also investigated. The transfer of hydrogen ion depends on the diffusion, while the calcium ions transfer is assumed to be depended on mechanically stripping. The shrinking core model with hydrogen ions diffusion control match the experimental results.

关键词： dissolution kinetics phosphate ore diffusion mechanically stripping hydrogen calcium ions concentration shrinking core model

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Investigation on 3Dt wake flow structures of swimming bionic fish

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2012年第5期28卷 1494-1508页

作者： g.-X.Shen g.-K.Tan g.-j.Lai Fluid Mechanics Institute Beihang University

A bionic experimental platform was designed for the purpose of investigating time accurate three-dimensional flow field, using digital particle image velocimetry （DSPIV）. The wake behind the flapping trail of a robotic fish model was studied at high spatial resolution. The study was performed in a water channel. A robot fish model was designed and built. The model was fixed onto a rigid support frame- work using a cable-supporting method, with twelve stretched wires. The entire tail of the model can perform prescribed motions in two degrees of freedom, mainly in carangiform mode, by driving its afterbody and lunate caudal fin respectively. The DSPIV system was set up to operate in a trans- lational manner, measuring velocity field in a series of parallel slices. Phase locked measurements were repeated for a number of runs, allowing reconstruction of phase average flow field. Vortex structures with phase history of the wake were obtained. The study reveals some new and complex three-dimensional flow structures in the wake of the fish, including ＂reverse hairpin vortex＂ and ＂reverse Karman S-H vortex rings＂, allowing insight into physics of this complex flow.

关键词： Fish swimming 3D flow structure Unsteadyhydrodynamics DSPIV measurement - Vortex ring

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The Friction and Wear Properties of CrN, graphit-iC and Dymon-iC Coatings in Air and under Oil-lubrication.

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材料热处理学报 2004年第05B期25卷 858-861页

作者： j. Stallard D.g Teer Teer Coatings Ltd Droitwich WorcestershireU.KTeer Coatings Ltd Droitwich WorcestershireU.K.

Hard ceramic coatings such as TiN and CrN are very successful and are widely used in improving the performance of cutting and forming tools, but they are less successful in providing protection for general machine components, such as gears and engine parts. The development of low-friction wear resistant coatings that can run dry or in a minimum amount of oil is becoming increasingly important to this industry. Two recently developed carbon-based coatings graphit-iC? and Dymon-iC, which are shown to exhibit very high sliding wear resistance and low friction in dry conditions, are compared to a CrN coating under oil lubricated conditions. Long term pin-on-disc tests using a chrome steel counterface ball were carried out on coated HSS test samples. All the coatings performed well at very high applied contact pressures, exceeding 1.5 gPa, but the graphit-iC? and Dymon-iC coatings also exhibited the desirable characteristic of protecting the counterface material. Reasons for this behaviour are discussed.

关键词： DLC 润滑油摩擦性能磨损性能涂层

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Sintering behavior of combusted iron powder in a packed bed reactor with nitrogen and hydrogen

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Particuology 2023年第12期83卷 8-17页

作者： C.j.M.Hessels A.H.j.Smeets g.Finotello N.g.Deen Y.Tang Power and Flow group Department of Mechanical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 5135600MBEindhoventhe Netherlands Eindhoven Institute for Renewable Energy Systems(EIRES) PO Box 5135600MBEindhoventhe Netherlands

Sintering behavior of micron-sized combusted iron powder is studied in a packed bed reactor,at various temperatures under inert(nitrogen)and reducing(hydrogen)*** tests are subsequently used to quantify the degree of sintering.A sintering model,based on the formation of a solid bridge through solid state surface diffusion of iron atoms,matches the experimental *** of combusted iron occurs at temperatures≥575°C in both nitrogen and hydrogen atmospheres and increases exponentially with *** observed decrease in reduction rate at high temperatures is not caused by the sintering process but by the formation of wüstite as an intermediate species,leading to the formation of a dense iron *** whiskers form at high temperatures(≥700°C)in combination with low reduction rates(≤25 vol%H2),leading to the production of sub-micron fines.

关键词： Metal energy carrier Combusted iron Whiskers Solid bridge force Sintering

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Combinatorial therapies for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1293-1308页

作者： Carla S.Sousa Andreia Monteiro António j.Salgado Nuno A.Silva Life and Health Sciences Research Institute(ICVS) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab PT Government Associated LabCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal

Spinal cord injuries have profound detrimental effects on individuals, regardless of whether they are caused by trauma or non-traumatic events. The compromised regeneration of the spinal cord is primarily attributed to damaged neurons, inhibitory molecules, dysfunctional immune response, and glial scarring. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective treatments available that can fully repair the spinal cord and improve functional outcomes. Nevertheless, numerous pre-clinical approaches have been studied for spinal cord injury recovery, including using biomaterials, cells, drugs, or technological-based strategies. Combinatorial treatments, which target various aspects of spinal cord injury pathophysiology, have been extensively tested in the last decade. These approaches aim to synergistically enhance repair processes by addressing various obstacles faced during spinal cord regeneration. Thus, this review intends to provide scientists and clinicians with an overview of pre-clinical combinatorial approaches that have been developed toward the solution of spinal cord regeneration as well as update the current knowledge about spinal cord injury pathophysiology with an emphasis on the current clinical management.

关键词： electric stimulation neural tissue regeneration neuroprotection polytherapy spinal cord injury

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Impact of time between meniscal injury and isolated meniscus repair on post-operative outcomes:A systematic review

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World journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第7期13卷 39-45页

作者： Kashif javid Xavier Akins Nicole g Lemaster Amer Ahmad Austin V Stone Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40504United States

BACKgROUND Meniscal tears are one of the most common knee *** the diagnosis of a meniscal tear has been made,there are several factors physicians use to guide clinical *** influence of time between injury and isolated meniscus repair on patient outcomes is not well *** this relationship is important as it may influence clinical decision-making and can add to the preoperative patient education *** hypothesized that increasing the time from injury to meniscus surgery would worsen postoperative *** To investigate the current literature for data on the relationship between time between meniscus injury and repair on patient *** PubMed,Academic Search Complete,MEDLINE,CINAHL,and SPORTDiscus were searched for studies published between january 1,1995 and july 13,2023 on isolated meniscus *** criteria included concomitant ligament surgery,incomplete outcomes or time to surgery data,and *** demographics,time to injury,and postoperative outcomes from each study were abstracted and *** Five studies met all inclusion and exclusion *** were 204(121 male,83 female)patients *** of five(60%)studies determined that time between injury and surgery was not statistically significant for postoperative Lysholm scores(P=0.62),Tegner scores(P=0.46),failure rate(P=0.45,P=0.86),and International Knee Documentation Committee scores(P=0.65).Two of five(40%)studies found a statistically significant increase in Lysholm scores with shorter time to surgery(P=0.03)and a statistically significant association between progression of medial meniscus extrusion ratio(P=0.01)and increasing time to *** Our results do not support the hypothesis that increased time from injury to isolated meniscus surgery worsens postoperative ***-making primarily based on injury interval is thus not recommended.

关键词： Meniscus Meniscal Meniscus repair Meniscectomy Patient reported outcomes Postoperative outcomes Time to surgery Injury interval

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One-step multi-compositional oxidation of YSi alloy:Experiments and ab initio computation

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第27期158卷 253-262页

作者： W.j.Wang j.C.Luo L.Chen g.j.Yang State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Xi’an jiaotong University Suzhou Institute Suzhou 215123China

YSi alloy is a promising candidate as oxidation resistant coatings for both the bond coat of environmental barrier coatings(EBCs)and anti-ablation coatings at a high temperature of∼1300℃.In this study,a one-step multi-compositional oxidation by rapid heating oxidation mode is proposed to reduce the oxidation rate by 3.6 times compared to conventional slow heating oxidation *** show that preferentially formed Y_(2)O_(3) oxide initiates a multi-step oxidation,produces a cracking and porous oxides,and thereby resulting in a fast oxidation with *** one-step multi-compositional oxidation with a compact and dense Y_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)scale contributes to the much better oxidation resistance for rapid heating oxidation mode of YSi *** stable formation of Y_(2)Si_(2)O_(7)scale is comprehensively understood by the energy barrier,charge density and electronic level based on density functional *** study demonstrates a promising application of YSi alloy by rapid heating oxidation mode.

关键词： YSi alloy One-step oxidation Multi-compositional scale Y_(2)Si_(2)O_(7) Energy barrier

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Boundary discontinuous Fourier analysis of thick beams with clamped and simply supported edges via CUF

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Chinese journal of Aeronautics 2017年第5期30卷 1708-1718页

作者： F.g.CANALES j.L.MANTARI Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universidad de Ingenieriay Tecnologia ( UTEC) Lima 15063 Peru Department of Mechanical Engineering University of New Mexieo Albuquerque 87131 USA

This paper presents an analytical solution for static analysis of thick rectangular beams with different boundary conditions. Carrera＇s Unified Formulation（CUF） is used in order to consider shear deformation theories of arbitrary order. The novelty of the present work is that a boundary discontinuous Fourier approach is used to consider clamped boundary conditions in the analytical solution, unlike Navier-type solutions which are restricted to simply supported *** equations are obtained by employing the principle of virtual work. The numerical accuracy of results is ascertained by studying the convergence of the solution and comparing the results to those of a 3D finite element solution. Beams subjected to bending due to a uniform pressure load and subjected to torsion due to opposite linear forces are considered. Overall, accurate results close to those of 3D finite element solutions are obtained, which can be used to validate finite element results or other approximate methods.

关键词： Analytical solution Beam Clamped Fourier Unified formulation

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ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF RESIDUAL IMPACT PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS BY ACOUSTO-ULTRASONICS——A PATTERN RECOgNITION APPROACH

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1995年第1期11卷 34-43页

作者： g.j.Molina Y.M.Haddad Dept.of Mechanical Engineering University of OttawaOttawaCanada K1N 6N5

This paper deals with the application of Acousto-ultrasonics,in con- junction with Pattern Recognition and Classification techniques,to the identification of residual impact properties of a class of polymeric material,namely,Polyvinylchlo- ride(PVC).PVC specimens of different low-energy repeated impact damage states are processed by Acousto-ultrasonics(AU)to retrieve AU signals in the form of dig- italized *** AU signals are grouped as distinct classes,each pertaining to a known level of repeated impact *** features of these AU signals are used to build Pattern Recognition(PR)*** classifiers are used to identify unknown damage states in other PVC specimens by classifying the re- trieved AU signals as belonging to one of the *** obtained results indicate that Acousto-ultrasonics in combination with Pattern Recognition and Classification techniques can be used for the quantitative non-destructive identification of damage states in PVC specimens of unknown low-energy repeated impact conditions.

关键词： pattern recognition acousto-ultrasonics impact damage quantitative non-destructive examination

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