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Self-modulation and anomalous collective scattering of laser produced intense ion beam in plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2018年第3期3卷 127-134页

作者： K.Mima j.fuchs T.Taguchi j.Alvarez j.R.Marques S.N.Chen T.Tajima j.M.Perlado The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries 1955-1KurematsuNishikuHamamatsuJapan LULI-CNRS Ecole PolytechniqueCEA:Universite Paris-SaclayUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitesF-91128Palaiseau CedexFrance Faculty of Science and Engineering Setsunan UniversityNeyagawa572-8508OsakaJapan Instituto de Fusion Nuclear ETSI de IndustrialesUniversidad Politecnica de MadridC/Jose Gutierrez Abascal2E-28006MadridSpain Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California at IrvineIrvineCA92697USA

The collective interaction between intense ion beams and plasmas is studied by simulations and experiments,where an intense proton beam produced by a short pulse laser is injected into a pre-ionized *** is found that,depending on its current density,collective effects can significantly alter the propagated ion beam and the stopping *** quantitative agreement that is found between theories and experiments constitutes the first validation of the collective interaction *** effects in the interaction between intense ion beams and background gas plasmas are of importance for the design of laser fusion reactors as well as for beam physics.

关键词： Two stream instabilities Ultra intense short pulse laser Proton beam Wake field Electron plasma wave Laser plasma interaction

Highly-collimated, high-charge and broadband MeV electron beams produced by magnetizing solids irradiated by high-intensity lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2019年第4期4卷 1-8页

作者： S.Bolaños j.Beard G.Revet S.N.Chen S.Pikuz E.Filippov M.Safronova M.Cerchez O.Willi M.Starodubtsev j.fuchs LULI—CNRS Ecole PolytechniqueCEA:Universite Paris-SaclayUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitesF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance LNCMI UPR 3228CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA31400 ToulouseFrance Institute of Applied Physics 46 Ulyanov Street603950 Nizhny NovgorodRussian Federation ELI-NP “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS125412 MoscowRussian Federation National Research Nuclear University MEPhI 115409 MoscowRussian Federation Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics University of DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Laser irradiation of solid targets can drive short and high-charge relativistic electron bunches over micron-scale acceleration ***,for a long time,this technique was not considered a viable means of electron acceleration due to the large intrinsic divergence(∼50°half-angle)of the ***,a reduction in this divergence to 10°–20°half-angle has been obtained,using plasma-based magnetic fields or very high contrast laser pulses to extract the electrons into the *** we show that we can further improve the electron beam collimation,down to∼1.5°half-angle,of a high-charge(6 nC)beam,and in a highly reproducible manner,while using standard stand-alone 100 TW-class laser *** is obtained by embedding the laser-target interaction in an external,large-scale(cm),homogeneous,extremely stable,and high-strength(20 T)magnetic field that is independent of the *** upcoming multi-PW,high repetition-rate lasers,this technique opens the door to achieving even higher charges(>100 nC).

关键词： charge high acceleration

Detailed characterization of a laboratory magnetized supercritical collisionless shock and of the associated proton energization

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： W.Yao A.Fazzini S.N.Chen K.Burdonov P.Antici j.B´eard S.Bolaños A.Ciardi R.Diab E.D.Filippov S.Kisyov V.Lelasseux M.Miceli Q.Moreno V.Nastasa S.Orlando S.Pikuz D.C.Popescu G.Revet X.Ribeyre E.d’Humi`eres j.fuchs LULI–CNRS CEAUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne Universit´eEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Universit´e Observatoire de ParisUniversit´e PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance ELI-NP “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania IAP Russian Academy of Sciences603155 Nizhny NovgorodRussia INRS-EMT 1650 Blvd.Lionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada LNCMI UPR 3228CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSAF-31400 ToulouseFrance jIHT Russian Academy of Sciences125412 MoscowRussia Universit`a degli Studi di Palermo Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica E.Segr`ePiazza del Parlamento 190134 PalermoItaly INAF–Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo PalermoItaly University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance ELI-Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of Sciences5 Kvetna 83525241 Dolni BrezanyCzech Republic NRNU MEPhI 115409 MoscowRussia

Collisionless shocks are ubiquitous in the Universe and are held responsible for the production of nonthermal particles and high-energy *** the absence of particle collisions in the system,theory shows that the interaction of an expanding plasma with a pre-existing electromagnetic structure(as in our case)is able to induce energy dissipation and allow shock *** formation can alternatively take place when two plasmas interact,through microscopic instabilities inducing electromagnetic fields that are able in turn to mediate energy dissipation and shock *** our platform in which we couple a rapidly expanding plasma induced by high-power lasers(jLF/Titan at LLNL and LULI2000)with high-strength magnetic fields,we have investigated the generation of a magnetized collisionless shock and the associated particle *** have characterized the shock as being collisionless and *** report here on measurements of the plasma density and temperature,the electromagnetic field structures,and the particle energization in the experiments,under various conditions of ambient plasma and magnetic *** have also modeled the formation of the shocks using macroscopic hydrodynamic simulations and the associated particle acceleration using kinetic particle-in-cell *** a companion paper to Yao et al.[***.17,1177–1182(2021)],here we show additional results of the experiments and simulations,providing more information to allow their reproduction and to demonstrate the robustness of our interpretation of the proton energization mechanism as being shock surfing acceleration.

关键词： field collision shock

Spectral broadening for multi-joule pulse compression in the APOLLON Long Focal Area facility

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 7-13页

作者： P.-G.Bleotu j.Wheeler D.Papadopoulos M.Chabanis j.Prudent M.Frotin L.Martin N.Lebas A.Freneaux A.Beluze F.Mathieu P.Audebert D.Ursescu j.fuchs G.Mourou LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversiteEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Faculty of Physics University of Bucharest077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering(IFIN-HH) MagureleRO-077125Romania Independent Researcher F-92340 Bourg-La-ReineFrance IZEST Ecole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance

Spectral-broadening of the APOLLON PW-class laser pulses using a thin-film compression technique within the longfocal-area interaction chamber of the APOLLON laser facility is reported,demonstrating the delivery of the full energy pulse to the target interaction *** laser pulse at 7 j passing through large aperture,thin glass wafers is spectrally broadened to a bandwidth that is compatible with a 15-fs pulse,indicating also the possibility to achieve sub-10-fs pulses using 14 *** the post-compressor near the interaction makes for an economical method to produce the shortest pulses by limiting the need for high damage,broadband optics close to the final target rather than throughout the entire laser transport system.

关键词： high energy post-compression nonlinear pulse interaction high-power laser laser diagnostics

Highly-collimated, high-charge and broadband MeV electron beams produced by magnetizing solids irradiated by high-intensity lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2019年第4期 8-15页

作者： S.Bola?os j.Béard G.Revet S.N.Chen S.Pikuz E.Filippov M.Safronova M.Cerchez O.Willi M.Starodubtsev j.fuchs LULI-CNRS Ecole Polytechnique CEA: Université Paris-Saclay UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Universités LNCMI UPR 3228 CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA Institute of Applied Physics ELI-NP "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering joint Institute for High Temperatures National Research Nuclear University MEPh I Institute for Laser and Plasma Physics University of D usseldorf

Laser irradiation of solid targets can drive short and high-charge relativistic electron bunches over micron-scale acceleration gradients. However,for a long time, this technique was not considered a viable means of electron acceleration due to the large intrinsic divergence（50° half-angle） of the electrons. Recently, a reduction in this divergence to 10°–20° half-angle has been obtained, using plasma-based magnetic fields or very high contrast laser pulses to extract the electrons into the vacuum. Here we show that we can further improve the electron beam collimation, down to1.5° half-angle, of a high-charge（6 nC） beam, and in a highly reproducible manner, while using standard stand-alone 100 TW-class laser *** is obtained by embedding the laser-target interaction in an external, large-scale（cm）, homogeneous, extremely stable, and high-strength（20 T） magnetic field that is independent of the laser. With upcoming multi-PW, high repetition-rate lasers, this technique opens the door to achieving even higher charges（>100 nC）.

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X-ray spectroscopy evidence for plasma shell formation in experiments modeling accretion columns in young stars

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2019年第6期4卷 22-29页

作者： E.D.Filippov I.Yu.Skobelev G.Revet S.N.Chen B.Khiar A.Ciardi D.Khaghani D.P.Higginson S.A.Pikuz j.fuchs joint Institute for High Temperatures RAS125412 MoscowRussia National Research Nuclear University “MEPHI”115409 MoscowRussia LULI-CNRS ´Ecole PolytechniqueCEA:Universit´e Paris-SaclayUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne Universit´eF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance ELI-NP “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania Sorbonne Universit´e Observatoire de ParisUniversit´e PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance Flash Center for Computational Science University of Chicago5640 S.Ellis AvenueChicagoIllinois 60637USA University of Bordeaux CEACNRSCentre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsUMR 510733405 Talence CedexFrance Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94551USA

Recent achievements in laboratory astrophysics experiments with high-power lasers have allowed progress in our understanding of the early stages of star *** particular,we have recently demonstrated the possibility of simulating in the laboratory the process of the accretion of matter on young stars[*** et al.,***.3,e1700982(2017)].The present paper focuses on x-ray spectroscopy methods that allow us to investigate the complex plasma hydrodynamics involved in such *** demonstrate that we can infer the formation of a plasma shell,surrounding the accretion column at the location of impact with the stellar surface,and thus resolve the present discrepancies between mass accretion rates derived from x-ray and optical-radiation astronomical observations originating from the same *** our experiments,the accretion column ismodeled by having a collimated narrow(1 mm diameter)plasma stream first propagate along the lines of a large-scale external magnetic field and then impact onto an obstacle,mimicking the high-density region of the stellar chromosphere.A combined approach using steady-state and quasi-stationarymodels was successfully applied tomeasure the parameters of the plasma all along its propagation,at the impact site,and in the structure surrounding the impact *** formation of a hot plasma shell,surrounding the denser and colder core,formed by the incoming stream of matter is observed near the obstacle using x-ray spatially resolved spectroscopy.

关键词： accretion stars stellar

Numerical investigation of spallation neutrons generated from petawatt-scale laser-driven proton beams

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第2期7卷 8-17页

作者： B.Martinez S.N.Chen S.Bolaños N.Blanchot G.Boutoux W.Cayzac C.Courtois X.Davoine A.Duval V.Horny I.Lantuejoul L.Le Deroff P.E.Masson-Laborde G.Sary B.Vauzour R.Smets L.Gremillet j.fuchs LULI-CNRS CEAUPMC Univ Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest-MagureleRomania CEA DAMCESTAF-33114 Le BarpFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance LPP Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSEcole PolytechniqueF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance

Laser-driven neutron sources could offer a promising alternative to those based on conventional accelerator technologies in delivering compact beams of high brightness and short *** examine this through particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo simulations that model,respectively,the laser acceleration of protons from thin-foil targets and their subsequent conversion into neutrons in secondary lead *** parameters relevant to the 0.5 PW LMj-PETAL and 0.6–6 PW Apollon systems are *** to its high intensity,the 20-fs-duration 0.6 PW Apollon laser is expected to accelerate protons up to above 100MeV,thereby unlocking efficient neutron generation via spallation *** a result,despite a 30-fold lower pulse energy than the LMj-PETAL laser,the 0.6 PW Apollon laser should perform comparably well both in terms of neutron yield and ***,we predict that very compact neutron pulses,of∼10 ps duration and∼100μm spot size,can be released provided the lead convertor target is thin enough(∼100μm).These sources are characterized by extreme fluxes,of the order of 10^(23) n cm^(−2) s^(−1),and even ten times higher when using the 6 PW Apollon *** values surpass those currently achievable at large-scale accelerator-based neutron sources(∼10^(16) n cm^(−2) s^(−1)),or reported from previous laser experiments using low-Z converters(∼10^(18) n cm^(−2) s^(−1)).By showing that such laser systems can produce neutron pulses significantly brighter than existing sources,our findings open a path toward attractive novel applications,such as flash neutron radiography and laboratory studies of heavy-ion nucleosynthesis.

关键词： thereby attractive extreme