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Light-stimulated low-power artificial synapse based on a single GaN nanowire for neuromorphic computing

Photonics Research 2023年第10期11卷 1667-1677页

作者： MIN ZHOU YUKUN zhao XIUSHUO GU QIANYI ZHANG jIANYA ZHANG MIN jIANG SHULONG LU Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Suzhou 215123China School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat fluid flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and TechnologySuzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

The fast development of the brain-inspired neuromorphic computing system has ignited an urgent demand for artificial synapses with low power consumption. In this work, it is the first time a light-stimulated low-power synaptic device based on a single GaN nanowire has been demonstrated successfully. In such an artificial synaptic device, the incident light, the electrodes, and the light-generated carriers play the roles of action potential,presynaptic/postsynaptic membrane, and neurotransmitter in a biological synapse, respectively. Compared to those of other synaptic devices based on GaN materials, the energy consumption of the single-GaN-nanowire synaptic device can be reduced by more than 92%, reaching only 2.72 × 10^(-12)j. It is proposed that the oxygen element can contribute to the synaptic characteristics by taking the place of the nitrogen site. Moreover, it is found that the dynamic “learning-forgetting” performance of the artificial synapse can resemble the behavior of the human brain, where less time is required to relearn the missing information previously memorized and the memories can be strengthened after relearning. Based on the experimental conductance for long-term potentiation(LTP) and long-term depression(LTD), the simulated network can achieve a high recognition rate up to 90%after only three training epochs. Such few training times can reduce the energy consumption in the supervised learning processes substantially. Therefore, this work paves an effective way for developing single-nanowire-based synapses in the fields of artificial intelligence systems and neuromorphic computing technology requiring lowpower consumption.

关键词： power artificial computing

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Study on thermal infrared emission directionality over crop canopies with TIR camera imagery

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2000年第S1期43卷 95-103,113页

作者：柳钦火顾行法李小文田国良余涛 f.jacob j.f.Hanocq M.friedl A.H.Strahler Laboratory of Remote Sensing Information Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Center for Remote Sensing Boston University Boston USA INRA-Unite De Bioclimatoligie Avignon France Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Beijing Normal University Beijing China

In order to investigate directionality of thermal infrared emission from crop canopies, a wide-angle thermal video camera (INfRAMETRICS) equipped with an 80?fOV lens was mounted on a small aircraft and used to acquire thermal imagery along several different flight traces. Accordingly, multi-angle directional brightness temperatures were acquired at different view angles for individual pixel. The flight experiment was carried out from january 1997 to October 1997 over a 5 kmx5 km flat agricultural area, located near Avignon, southeastern france.This paper presents results from analyses performed using these data including instrument calibration, radiometric correction, atmospheric correction, temperature temporal adjustment, geometric matching and registration of images. Results are presented for different thermal infrared emission patterns of different surface types including bare soil, wheat, maize and sunflower at different growth stages.

关键词： TIR emission directionality airborne experiment crop canopy

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Development and Implementation of an Advanced Planning & Scheduling (APS) System for Semiconductor Backend Assembly

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 189-190页

作者： T j Chua T X Cai f Y Wang William Liu X f Yin W j Yan j P Zhu joanne Lam Gintic Institute of Manufacturing Technology Gintic Institute of Manufacturing TechnologyGintic Institute of Manufacturing TechnologyGintic Institute of Manufacturing TechnologyGintic Institute of Manufacturing TechnologyGintic Institute of Manufacturing TechnologyGintic Institute of Manufacturing TechnologyGintic Institute of Manufacturing Technology SingaporeSingaporeSingaporeSingaporeSingaporeSingaporeSingaporeSingapore

In this paper, the design, customization and implem en tation of an integrated Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS) system for a Semi conductor Backend Assembly environment is described. The company is one of the w orldwide market leaders in semiconductor packaging technology. The project was d riven by the company’s quest to achieve a competitive edge as a manufacturing po werhouse by providing the shortest possible cycle time with a high degree of fle xibility through the application of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) tech nology. Gintic was responsible for the Planning & Scheduling functions through o ur APS tool kit, which is called Gintic Scheduling System (GSS). Our APS system is to be integrated with the other two key software systems, namely, the Enterpr ise Resource Planning (ERP) and Manufacturing Execution System (MES), with the C IM framework. The project was divided into four major execution phases. Phase One activities w ere focused on the gathering and analysis of the end users requirements in order to establish the ’As-Is’ situation and the wish list & the expectation of the ’To-Be’ system. Planning and Scheduling prototypes were built using GSS to iden tify the functionality gap between the existing GSS system and the ’To-Be’ mode l, in order to determine the customization effort needed. The project team perfo rmed detailed system analysis, design and development of the ’To-Be’ system dur ing Phase Two of the project. There are a total of four planning and scheduling modules, including Capacity Planning (CP), Daily Lot Release (DLR), Daily Produc tion Scheduling (DPS) and Dynamic Operation Scheduling (DOS). The detailed desig n specifications of each of the features and functionality were confirmed and ac cepted by the end users before the commencement of the development effort. The c ompleted and tested modules were delivered in stages for testing and acceptance by the end user during the Phase Three of the project. Pilot product line was se lected for live testing of the developed pla

关键词： integrated planning scheduling semiconductor b ackend assembly

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Plant Diversity and Carbon Stock Assessment in an Informal Settlement of the City of Yaounde, Cameroon: The Case of Elig-Effa West

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journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第1期11卷 169-182页

作者： Aude j. Tchomcheni Sonia N. Kenfack Voukeng Pricelia f. Tumenta jean P. Ghogue Green Connexion Yaoundé Cameroon University Institute of Wood Technology at Mbalmayo (IUT-BOIS) Department of Environment and Sustainable Development University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of forestry Faculty of Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Due to rapid demographic growth, economic and technological changes, urban environments are highly exposed to the impacts of climate change and environmental catastrophes. Despite the pressure to which urban forests are exposed, they still play important roles through the service they provide: air quality, shade, and reduction of dioxide of carbon. The present study was carried out in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon, especially in one of its suburb areas, Elig-Effa West, a neighborhood with spontaneous settlements. The study aimed at assessing the plant species diversity, and carbon sequestration potentials of diverse trees recorded using indirect methods. Six sampling plots of 100 × 100 m were established in the study area. Our results recorded a total of 16 species grouped into 12 families. Apocynaceae, Mimosaceae and Moraceae were the most represented families. The most represented species throughout the sampling plots were Mangifera indica, Persea americana, Annona muricata and Psidium gaujava, which are all fruiting trees. Carbon stock for the study area was estimated at 16.08 ± 5.60 tC with an average of 0.23 ± 0.08 tC/ha. The results also showed the species to be considered in a potential restoration program should be first fruiting trees, followed by non-fruiting trees useful to population, especially those that have their trunk peeled, a sign that they are used by the population. Nevertheless, informal settlements contribute to carbon sequestration, that well targeted urban reforestation will substantially improve.

关键词： Carbon Sequestration Carbon Stocks floristic Inventory Indirect Methods Elig-ffa West

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Soliton-Like Spherical Symmetric Solutions to the Electromagnetic and Scalar Nonlinear Induction field Equations in the General Relativity Theory

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journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2022年第1期8卷 147-163页

作者： Arnaud E. Yamadjako Alain Adomou Yélomè j. f. Kpomahou jonas Edou Siaka Massou Department of Physics University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Department of Industrial and Technical Sciences ENSET-Lokossa UNSTIM Abomey Benin 3National Higher Institute of Industrial Technology National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics of Abomey UNSTIM Abomey Benin

In this paper, we have used the static spherical symmetric metric. The parameter of the nonlinearity fields is included in the arbitrary function characterizing the interaction between the electromagnetic and scalar fields. Taking into account the own gravitational field of elementary particles, we have obtained exact static spherical symmetric solutions to the electromagnetic and scalar field equations of nonlinear induction. Considering all forms of the solution of Liouville equation, we proved that the metric functions are regular with localized energy density. Moreover, the total energy of the nonlinear induction fields is bounded and the total charge of the elementary particles has a finite value (soliton-like). In the flat space-time, soliton-like solutions exist.

关键词： Interaction Scalar Electromagnetic Gravitational fields Description Configuration Elementary Particles

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Valorization of Kraft Lignin as Thickener in Castor Oil for Lubricant Applications

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journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第4期6卷 347-361页

作者： A.M.Borrero-Lopez f.j.Santiago-Medina C.Valencia M.E.Eugenio R.Martin-Sampedro j.M.franco Department of Chemical Engineering University of HuelvaEl Carmen CampusAgrifood Campus of International Excellence(ceiA3)21071 HuelvaSpain Pro2TecS-Chemical Process and Product Technology Research Center University of Huelva21071 HuelvaSpain INIA-CIfOR Ctra de la Coruñakm 7.5.28040MadridSpain

It is known that large amounts of residual lignin are generated in the pulp and paper industry.A new alternative for Kraft lignin valorization,which consists of first a chemical modification using a diisocyanate and then the efficient dispersion in castor oil to achieve stable gel-like systems,is proposed in this work.Rheological properties and microstructure of these materials were determined by means of small amplitude oscillatory shear tests and viscous flow measurements and atomic force microscopy observations,respectively.Moreover,both standardized penetration tests and tribological assays,usually performed in the lubricant industry,were carried out to evaluate the performance characteristics as lubricating greases.Linear viscoelasticity functions are affected by the lignin/diisocyanate ratio and thickener concentration.The thermorheological response evidenced a softening temperature of around 105°C.The microstructure of these gel-like dispersions is composed of interconnected thin fibers,homogeneously distributed in castor oil.Moreover,the NCO-functionalized lignin gel-like dispersions studied show lower friction coefficients than traditional lubricating greases.

关键词： Kraft lignin diisocyanate gel-like dispersion rheology thermal properties

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Local Structure Determination of Mn^(2+)-Doped fluoride Crystals by Superhyperfine Splitting Measurements

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Chinese Physics Letters 1998年第1期15卷 43-45页

作者：赵敏光 Institute of Solid State Physics Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068

A procedure is presented for the calculation of the Mn^(2+)-f^(-) bond length from the superhyperfine constants measured by magnetic resonance experiments.With the present technique it is possible to detect the variation of the bond length,ΔR,down to 0.01Å.The technique is sensitive enough to determine the bond length R and its variationΔR experienced when pressure or temperature changes.

关键词： hyperfine constants bond

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Assessing the potential for satellite image monitoring of seagrass thermal dynamics:for inter-and shallow sub-tidal seagrasses in the inshore Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area,Australia

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International journal of Digital Earth 2018年第8期11卷 803-824页

作者： S.R.Phinn E.M.Kovacs C.M.Roelfsema R.f.Canto C.j.Collier L.j.McKenzie Remote Sensing Research Centre School of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia Centre for Tropical Water and TERRAtic Ecosystem Research(TropWATER) James Cook UniversityCairnsAustralia

Seagrass meadows are at increasing risk of thermal stress and recent work has shown that water temperature around seagrass meadows could be used as an indicator for seagrass condition.Satellite thermal data have not been linked to the thermal properties of seagrass meadows.This work assessed the covariation between 20 in situ average daily temperature logger measurement sites in tropical seagrass meadows and satellite derived daytime SST(sea surface temperature)from the daytime MODIS and Landsat sensors along the Great Barrier Reef coast in Australia.Statistically significant(R2=0.787–0.939)positive covariations were found between in situ seagrass logger temperatures and MODIS SST temperature and Landsat sensor temperatures at all sites along the reef.The MODIS SST were consistently higher than in situ temperature at the majority of the sites,possibly due to the sensor’s larger pixel size and location offset from field sites.Landsat thermal data were lower than field-measured SST,due to differences in measurement scales and times.When refined significantly and tested over larger areas,this approach could be used to monitor seagrass health over large(106 km2)areas in a similar manner to using satellite SST for predicting thermal stress for corals.

关键词： Seagrass temperature thermal tolerance satellite sea surface temperature Landsat MODIS Great Barrier Reef

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The Synthesis of a Novel Lignan

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2000年第11期11卷 971-974页

作者： Qi X.X. Chang j.B. Guo R.Y. Chen R.f. Chem. Dept. of Zhengzhou Univeristy Zhengzhou 450052 China Henan Institute of Chemistry Henan Academy Sciences Zhengzhou 450002 China

A short convenient synthesis of a novel lignan, 2-(3′,4′,5′-trimethyoxyphenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-6,7,8-trimethoxy- naphthalene has been accomplished by the condensation of key intermediates, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl methy... 详细信息

关键词： UV KBr IR The Synthesis of a Novel Lignan EtOH

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Expeditious management plan towards digital earth

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International journal of Digital Earth 2014年第8期7卷 635-649页

作者： Naveen Kumar Sidda Aneta j.florczyk francisco j.Lopez-Pellicer Dinesh Babu I.V Ruben Bejar f.javier Zarazaga-Soria Department of Computer Science and System Engineering University of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain Department of Wood Science forestry and GeomaticsUniversity LavalSainte-FoyQCCanada

The breakthrough developments in geospatial technologies and the increasing availability of spatial data make geoinformation a business and a decisional element to the management.Hence,it is important to have a management plan to factor in practical and feasible data sources,in building geo applications.The authors of this paper are motivated by the fact that right data sources could outclass in-house resources in various application scenarios.This paper outlines pragmatic cases for the tangible benefits of the existing potential data and expeditious patterns for digital earth.This work also proposes‘good-enough’solutions based on the pragmatic cases,available literature,and the 3D city model developed that could be sufficient in contriving the objectives of the common public usage and open business models.To demonstrate this approach,the paper encapsulated the low-cost development of virtual 3D city model using publicly available cadastral data and web services.

关键词： spatial data sources geo management web services APIs cadastral data

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