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Using General and Specific Combining Ability to further Advance Strawberry（fragaria sp.）Breeding

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Using General and Specific Combining Ability to Further Adva...

Electron microscopy combined with spatial analysis:quantitative mapping of the nano-assemblies of plasma membrane-associating proteins and lipids

第七届世界草莓大会

作者： M.M.Mathey S.Mookerjee L.Mahoney C.E.finn j.f.hancock S.Serce T.Davis P.Stewart V.M.Whitaker A.R.jamieson N.V.Bassil I.Amaya B.Denoyes K.E.Hummer D.Sargent E.van de Weg A.Iezzoni Oregon State University Michigan State University University of New Hampshire USDA-ARS HCRL Mustafa Kemal University

Strawberry is one of the five fruit crops included in the USDA-funded multiinstitutional and trans-disciplinary project, "RosBREED:Enabling MarkerAssisted Breeding in Rosaceae".A Crop Reference Set（CRS） was developed of 900 genotypes and seedlings from 40 crosses representing the breadth of relevant diversity and encompassing founders used in breeding the domesticated *** native species and cultivar genotypes were included along with 10 progeny from 36 of the crosses of genotypes representing eastern and western North American and European short day and remontant *** CRS has been phenotyped in five *** 14 fruit quality traits have been studied,as well as remontancy,truss size,peduncle length,crop estimate,plant architecture,and disease *** phenotyping conducted in the first growing season showed considerable variability amongst the genotypes and the locations for all of the *** and specific combining ability variance components were determined from the populations in order to provide breeders with guidance on the most effective breeding strategies for incorporating the superior traits from this germplasm into their programs.

关键词： RosBREED Rosaceae marker assisted breeding remontancy

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Biophysics Reports 2018年第6期4卷 320-328页

作者： Yong Zhou john f.hancock Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

The plasma membrane(PM) is a complex environment consisting of [ 700 species of lipids and many different types of membrane-associating proteins. These lipids and membrane proteins are distributed heterogeneously into nanometer-sized domains, called nanoclusters. The lateral spatial segregation in the PM gives rise to different curvature and lipid composition, which determines the efficiency of effector binding and signal transmission. Here, we describe an electron microscopy(EM)-spatial mapping technique to quantify the extent of nanoclusters formation in the PM. The nano-assemblies in the PM are quantified via expressing the GfP-tagged proteins or lipid-binding domains in the cells,which are then immunolabeled with the gold nanoparticles pre-coupled to the anti-GfP antibody. The gold nanoparticles are visualized via the transmission EM at high magnification. The statistical analysis of the Ripley's K-function calculates the spatial distribution of the gold nanoparticles. Important spatial parameters, such as the extent of nanoclustering, the clustered fraction, the number of proteins per cluster, the optimal size of a nanocluster, and the number of proteins localized to the PM, can be calculated. further detailed aggregation pattern, such as the populations of monomers, dimers, trimers,and higher ordered oligomers, can also be extracted from the spatial analysis. The EM-bivariate analysis quantifies the extent of co-localization between two different components in the PM and provides key information on the protein–protein and the protein–lipid interactions over a long-distance scale from 8 to 240 nm.

关键词： Electron microscopy Lipid-anchored proteins Nanoclustering Ripley’sK-function Signal transduction Spatial distribution

Kinase inhibitors:look beyond the label on the bottle

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第4期2卷 1032-1043页

作者： Paul Dent Andrew Poklepovic Laurence Booth john f.hancock Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology1 Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23298-0035USA Department of Medicine Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23298-0035USA Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

The majority of scientists working in the field of cancer experimental therapeutics recognize that many drugs that claim to be“specific”for one target enzyme in fact regulate to varying degrees the activities of other additional protein *** of these targets are known and are recognized as being an essential component of a drug’s ***,many other targets fall into the category of“unknown unknowns”.Thus,the collective therapeutic outcome for almost all clinically relevant drugs is reliant on both the claimed primary and secondary“on”targets as well as some of the unexpected unknown“off”*** review discusses the biology of several fDA approved cancer therapeutic drugs whose initial reported targets only represented the tip-of-the-iceberg in terms of how each agent acted as an anti-tumor *** review also discusses a putative thorough pre-visualization methodology for drug-based research,prior to executing any wet *** approaches should be performed in an agnostic fashion and be based in part on the clinically safe drug’s C max and its area under the curve in a *** on tumor heterogeneity,considerations of how to approach developmental therapeutics in the age of“personalized medicine”are also discussed.

关键词： Autophagy histone deacetylase chaperone cancer

Bayesian methods in reporting and managing Australian clinical indicators

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World journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第7期3卷 625-634页

作者： Peter P Howley Stephen j hancock Robert W Gibberd Sheuwen Chuang frank A Tuyl School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences\Statistics The University of Newcastle Health Services Research Group Faculty of HealthThe University of Newcastle School of Health Care Administration Health Policy and Care Research CenterTaipei Medical University

Sustained clinical improvement is unlikely without appropriate measuring and reporting techniques. Clinical indicators are tools to help assess whether a standard of care is being met. They are used to evaluate the potential to improve the care provided by healthcare organisations(HCOs). The analysis and reporting of these indicators for the Australian Council on Healthcare Standards have used a methodology which estimates, for each of the 338 clinical indicators, the gains in the system that would result from shifting the mean proportion to the 20 th centile. The results are used to provide a relative measure to help prioritise quality improvement activity within clinical areas, rather than simply focus on "poorer performing" HCOs. The method draws attention to clinical areas exhibiting larger between-HCO variation and affecting larger numbers of patients. HCOs report data in six-month periods, resulting in estimated clinical indicator proportions which may be affected by small samples and sampling variation. failing to address such issues would result in HCOs exhibiting extremely small and large estimated proportions and inflated estimates of the potential gains in the system. This paper describes the 20 th centile method of calculating potential gains for the healthcare system by using Bayesian hierarchical models and shrinkage estimators to correct for the effects of sampling variation, and provides an example case in Emergency Medicine as well as example expert commentary from colleges based upon the reports. The application of these Bayesian methods enables all collated data to be used, irrespective of an HCO's size, and facilitates more realistic estimates of potential system gains.

关键词： Clinical indicators Improvement System gains Bayesian Statistical models

Investigation on the influence of the initial RDX crystal size on the performance of shaped charge warheads

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第5期15卷 802-807页

作者： f.Majiet f.j.Mostert Rheinmetall Denel Munition Somerset WestSouth Africa Centre for Scientific&Industrial Research PretoriaSouth Africa

Copper lined wave shaped shaped charges of particular design and liner metallurgy were used to investigate the effect of explosive crystal size on the resultant shaped charge jet *** A3 with RDX of three different average crystal sizes,i.e.30μm,100μm and 300μm were used in the *** other parameters in the charge were kept constant and in particular,care was given to obtain consistent dimensional quality and liner microstructure,in order to prohibit the variation of other *** flash-X-ray diagnostics were used in field tests to obtain the jet parameters from multiple firings of similar *** is found that the varying crystal size of the RDX has a marginal influence in the total jet length of the ***,it is also found that there is less variation between firings in the jet parameters for jets from the charges loaded with the crystal size of 100 μm.

关键词： shaped size crystal

Implementation of a Roughness Element to Trip Transition in Large-eddy Simulation

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journal of Thermal Science 2015年第1期24卷 30-36页

作者： j.Boudet j.-f.Monier f.Gao LMfA Ecole Centrale de Lyon Université de Lyon–UMR CNRS 5509 69134 Ecully Cedex France PhD.Candidate Université de Lyon–UMR CNRS 5509 69134 Ecully Cedex France

In aerodynamics, the laminar or turbulent regime of a boundary layer has a strong influence on friction or heat transfer. In practical applications, it is sometimes necessary to trip the transition to turbulent, and a common way is by use of a roughness element （e.g. a step） on the wall. The present paper is concerned with the numerical im- plementation of such a trip in large-eddy simulations. The study is carried out on a flat-plate boundary layer con- figuration, with Reynolds number Rex=l.3x 106. first, this work brings the opportunity to introduce a practical methodology to assess convergence in large-eddy simulations. Second, concerning the trip implementation, a volume source term is proposed and is shown to yield a smoother and faster transition than a grid step. Moreover, it is easier to implement and more adaptable. finally, two subgrid-scale models are tested： the WALE model of Nic0ud and Ducros （flow Turbul. Combust., vol. 62, 1999） and the shear-improved Smagorinsky model of Ldv^que et al. （j. fluid Mech., vol. 570, 2007）. Both models allow transition, but the former appears to yield a faster transition and a better prediction of friction in the turbulent regime.

关键词： large-eddy simulation boundary layer roughness element transition tripping

Surface morphology and impurity distribution of electron beam recrystallized silicon films on low cost substrates for solar cell absorber

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Rare Metals 2006年第Z1期25卷 195-200页

作者： GROMBALL f MüLLER j Department of Mikrosystemtechnik Technische Universitt Hamburg-Harburg Hamburg 21073 Germany

A line shaped electron beam recrystallised polycrystalline silicon film on the low cost substrate was investigated for the use of the solar cell absorber. The applied EB energy density strongly influences the surface morphology of the film system. Lower EB energy density results in droplet morphology and the rougher SiO2 capping layer due to the low fluidity. With the energy increasing, the capping layer becomes smooth and continuous and less and small pinholes form in the silicon film. Tungstendisilicide (WSi2) is formed at the interface tungsten/silicon but also at the grain boundaries of the silicon. Because of the fast melting and cooling of the silicon film, the eutectic of silicon and tungstendisilicide mainly forms at the grain boundary of the primary silicon dendrites. The SEM-EDX analysis shows that there are no chlorine and hydrogen in the area surrounding a pinhole after recrystallization because of outgassing during the solidification.

关键词： polycrystalline silicon film solar cell recrystallization energy surface morphology outgassing

Traffic sign vandalism and demographics of local population:A case study in Utah

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journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第3期3卷 192-202页

作者： Majid Khalilikhah Kevin Heaslip Kathleen hancock Smart Urban Mobility Lab Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniuersityFalls ChurchVA 22043USA Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityArlingtonVA 22203USA Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityFalls ChurchVA 22043USA

Among the different types of traffic sign damage, vandalism is exclusively caused by humans. Traffic sign vandalism is a serious concern, since it can lead to an increase in unsafe driving behaviors. In addition, it results in increased costs to transportation agencies to replace, repair, or maintain the vandalized signs. This paper examines the association between the local population demographics and traffic sign vandalism rates in the State of Utah. To accomplish this goal, sign data of over 97,000 traffic signs across Utah were digitally collected by an equipped vehicle. Sign damage data were obtained from the inspection of daytime digital images taken of each individual sign. Demographic data of Utah＇s counties, including population density, ethnicity, age, income, education, and gender, were obtained from the U.S. Census. The association between demographic groups and vandalism rates was tested using chi-square and trend tests. The results reveal that the most statistically significant variables comprise median household income, completion of at least an associate degree, and population density. According to the fitted linear regression model, a relationship exists between sign vandalism rate and local population demographic. The findings of this investigation can assist transportation agencies in identifying areas with a higher likelihood of sign vandalism, based on demographic characteristics. Such information can then be used to encourage scheduled sign inspections and to implement various countermeasures to prevent sign vandalism.

关键词： Traffic sign vandalism Mobile-based data collection Demographics Statistical methods

Characterization of Phases in an As-cast Copper-Manganese-Aluminum Alloy

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2006年第6期22卷 779-784页

作者： j.Iqbal f.Hasan f.Ahmad Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahorePakistan

Copper-manganese-aluminum （CMA） alloys, containing small additions of fe, Ni, and Si, exhibit good strength and remarkable corrosion resistance against sea water. The alloys are used in as-cast condition, and their microstructure can show wide variations. The morphology, crystallography and composition of the phases presented in an as-cast （CMA） alloy of nominal composition Cu-14%Mn-8%Al-3%fe-2%Ni were investigated using optical, electron optical, and microprobe analytical techniques. The as-cast microstructure consisted of the grains of fcc α and bcc β-phases alongwith intermetallic precipitates of various morphologies. The room temperature microstructure exhibited four different types of precipitates inside the α-grains： the ＇large＇ dendritic-shaped particles and the cuboid-shaped precipitates, which were rich in fe and Mn and had an fcc structure, while the ＇small＇ dendritic-shaped particles and the globular precipitates were based on feaAI and had DO3 structure. These four different morphologies of intermetallic precipitates exhibited discrete orientation-relationships with the α-matrix. The β-grains only contained very small cuboid shaped precipitates, which could only be resolved through transmission electron microscopy. These precipitates were found to be based on fe3Al and had the DO3 structure.

关键词： Orientation relationship DO3 structure Intermetallic phases