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Survival of boll weevil （Coleoptera： Curculionidae） adults after feeding on pollens from various sources

Insect Science 2007年第6期14卷 503-510页

作者： SHOIL M. GREENBERG GRETCHEN D. jONES FRANK EISCHEN RANDY j. COLEMAN jOHN j. ADAMCZYK, jr. TONG-XIAN LIU MAMOUDOU SETAMOU USDA-ARS KSARC-BIRU Weslaco USDA-ARS APMRU College Station USDA-ARS KSARC-Honey Bee Research Unit Department of Entomology Texas AgriLife Research Texas A&M University System Texas A&M University Kingsville Citrus Center Weslaco Texas USA

The survival of overwintering boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis （Boheman）, adults on non-cotton hosts in the Lower Rio Grande Valley （LRGV） of Texas was examined from 2001 to 2006. The success of the Boll Weevil Eradication Program, which was reintroduced into the LRGV in 2005, depends on controlling overwintering boll weevil populations. Laboratory studies were conducted using boll weevil adults that were captured in pheromone traps from September through March. The number of adults captured per trap declined significantly in the field from fall to the beginning of spring （3.5-7.0-fold）. The proportion of trapped males and females did not differ significantly. The mean weight of boll weevil adults captured in September was 13.3 mg, while those of captured adults from November to February were significantly lower and ranged from 6.7 to 7.8 mg. Our results show that boll weevil adults can feed on different plant pollens. The highest longevity occurred when adults were fed almond pollen or mixed pollens （72.6 days and 69.2 days, respectively） and the lowest when they fed on citrus pollen or a non-food source （9.7 days or 7.4 days, respectively）. The highest adult survival occurred on almond and mixed pollens [88.0%-97. 6% after 1st feeding period （10 days）, 78.0%-90.8% after 3rd feeding period （10 days）, 55. 0%-83.6% after 5th feeding period （10 days）, and 15.2%-32.4% after lOth feeding period （10 days）]. The lowest adult survival occurred on citrus pollen [52.0%-56.0% after 1st feeding period （10 days）, 13.3% after 3rd and 5th feeding periods （10 days）, and 0 after 6th feeding period （10 days）]. Pollen feeding is not a behavior restricted to adult boll weevils of a specific sex or physiological state. Understanding how boll weevil adults survive in the absence of cotton is important to ensure ultimate success of eradicating this pest in the subtropics.

关键词： boll weevil Anthonomus grandis grandis Curculionidae subtropics pollen

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The Mind-Brain Problem Bose-Einstein Statistics, Temperature, Heat, Entropy God and Other Elementary Particles

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journal of Modern Physics 2020年第9期11卷 1330-1360页

作者： Walter j. Christensen jr. Physics and Astronomy Department Cal Poly Pomona University Pomona CA USA

The purpose of this research is to apply the Einstein’s principle of relativity to solve the mind-brain problem and to generate all Standard Model Particle masses. Our approach is somewhat analogous to the dualistic idea of Descartes. Instead of a pineal gland, wherein the brain interacts with the mind, we propose during the developmental stages of the human fetus the tiny brain begins to communicate with the smallest structures of spacetime. This interaction occurs as the fetus brain begins to emit thermodynamic low heat energies, which are then absorbed into the smallest structures of spacetime saturating the interstices of the fetus brain. Think of these heat-energies like Morse code instructions. Since these kinds of interaction involve spacetime, with brain matter-energy, and that our main guiding principle is that of relativity, our research resulted in a general relativistic wave equation, wherein the n-valued heat-energies emitted by the brain-field-matrix Bμv, is identified as the energy momentum tensor of general relativity. The spacetime mind-matrix (Mμv) is likewise identified as the Riemannian curvature matrix. Together they form a general relativistic expression given by: Mμv +Pμv M=cBμ<

关键词： Mind-Body Problem Thermodynamics Heat Energy General Relativity Particle Mass Problem Hydrogen Spectra Consciousness God Particle Neuro-Fields Spacetime Mind Neuroscience Neurotrophins

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CBASP Adapted to Child Play Therapy Structure to Prevent Early-Onset Persistent Depressive Disorder

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Open journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 53-72页

作者： james P. McCullough jr. Kara Elizabeth Burr Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Henrico VA USA Restoration Clinic Fort Worth TX USA

The current paper is a theoretical proposal that interfaces the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) and its emphasis on interpersonal consequences with the structured order of a Play Therapy Model for troubled 3 - 8-year-old children. This proposal is not a research paper or a review of literature;instead, it is a treatment proposal that is novel and untested. CBASP psychotherapy, an empirically validated treatment, was developed originally to treat the persistently depressed adult. CBASP’s major focus of interpersonal consequation will be interfaced with a Play Therapy structured model to rectify the maladaptive preoperational functioning of five interpersonal types of problem-children. The types are classified interpersonally using D.j. Kiesler’s Interpersonal Message Inventory (IMI). Kiesler’s IMI is employed in this proposal as an ongoing assessment modality, a source of information to make treatment strategy consequation decisions, and thirdly as an evaluative outcome variable. The troubled child types described herein frequently become candidates for early-onset Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD) unless rescued by successful treatment. The origins of early-onset PDD arise in dysfunctional households where toxic interpersonal relationships predominate: where “survival from abuse,” not growth, describes the child’s modal developmental experiences. These children are often exposed to either serious traumas (e.g., sexual abuse, loss of a parent, physical abuse, physical or emotional neglect) or psychological insults (e.g., continuous, and chronic verbal and nonverbal abuse). The result, in the most serious cases, is a maturational stunting at the preoperational stage of development which, as noted above, if not successfully resolved, thrusts the child into early-onset PDD.

关键词： Play Therapy Early-Onset Persistent Depressive Disorder CBASP Psychotherapy Preoperational Functioning Impact Message Inventory Interpersonal Circle

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Endophytic and pathogenic fungi of developing cranberry ovaries from flower to mature fruit:diversity and succession

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 101-116页

作者： Mariusz Tadych Marshall S.Bergen jennifer johnson-Cicalese james j.Polashock Nicholi Vorsa james F.White jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Philip E.Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension Rutgers University125A Lake Oswego RoadChatsworthNJ 08019USA Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory USDA-ARS125A Lake Oswego RoadChatsworthNJ 08019USA

Culturable fungal population diversity and succession was investigated in developing cranberry ovaries of fruit rot-resistant and rot-susceptible cranberry selections,from flower through mature fruit.Fungi were recovered in culture from 1185 of 1338 ovary tissues collected from june to September,yielding 2255 isolates that represented 42 morphotaxa.During the season,species richness varied from 2 to 17 and 2 to 18 in rot-resistant and rotsusceptible selections,respectively,increasing from wk1 to wk10 and then gradually declining to wk14.Shannon-Wiener diversity index varied from 0.27 to 2.32 in rotresistant and 0.18 to 2.38 in rot-susceptible,and Pielou’s evenness index varied from 0.11 to 0.63 and 0.06 to 0.64 in rot-resistant and rot-susceptible selections,respectively,confirming that diversity of fungi in developing ovaries was similar among rot-resistant and rot-susceptible selections,but varied among sampling time points.Principal component analysis grouped samples collected at the same sampling time point together regardless of rot susceptibility of the selections,and detected the predominant fungal species associated with each stage of development.Successional changes were observed in populations of endophytic,pathogenic and saprophytic fungi throughout the season as ovaries matured.

关键词： Aetiology Cranberry fruit rot Pathogens Phenology Resistance Vaccinium macrocarpon

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Acute antibody-mediated rejection after intestinal transplantation

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World journal of Transplantation 2016年第4期6卷 719-728页

作者： Guo-Sheng Wu Ruy j Cruz jr jun-Chao Cai Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases the Fourth Military Medical University Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Terasaki Foundation Laboratory

AIM To investigate the incidence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of acute antibody-mediated rejection(ABMR) after intestinal transplantation(ITx).METHODS A retrospective single-center analysis was performed to identify cases of acute ABMR after ITx, based on the presence of donor-specific antibody(DSA), acute tissue damage, C4 d deposition, and allograft dysfunction.RESULTS Acute ABMR was identified in 18(10.3%) out of 175 intestinal allografts with an average occurrence of 10 d(range, 4-162) after ITx. All acute ABMR cases were presensitized to donor human leukocyte antigens class Ⅰand/or Ⅱ antigens with a detectable DSA. A positive cross-match was seen in 14(77.8%) cases and twelve of 18 patients(66.7%) produced newly-formed DSA following ITx. Histological characteristics of acute ABMR include endothelial C4 d deposits, interstitial hemorrhage, and severe congestion with focal fibrin thrombin in the lamina propria capillaries. Multivariate analysis identified a liver-free graft and high level of panel reactive antibodyas a significant independent risk factor. Despite initial improvement after therapy, eleven recipients(61.1%) lost transplant secondary to rejection. Of those, 9(50%) underwent graft removal and 4(22.2%) received second transplantation following acute ABMR. At an average follow-up of 32.3 mo(range, 13.3-76.4), 8(44.4%) recipients died.CONCLUSION Our results indicate that acute ABMR is an important cause of intestine graft dysfunction, particularly in a liver-exclusive graft and survivors are at an increased risk of developing refractory acute rejection and chronic rejection. More effective strategies to prevent and manage acute ABMR are needed to improve outcomes.

关键词： Intestinal transplantation C4d deposition Donor-specific antibody Acute antibody-mediated rejection

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Impact of learning through credit and value creation on the efficiency of japanese commercial banks

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Financial Innovation 2021年第1期7卷 1264-1300页

作者： joseph jr.Aduba Hiroshi Izawa Graduate School of Economics Ritsumeikan University1‑1‑1 Noji‑higashiKusatsuShiga 525‑8577Japan

This study investigates the learning curve of commercial banks regarding the efficiency of credit and value creation.However,current empirical methods for accessing the learning curve in organizations are not suitable for use in financial institutions.Considering bank-specific characteristics,we introduce a dynamic learning curve using a cost function adjusted to capture learning-by-doing in banks.Using the model,we test several hypotheses on the impact of bank intermediary experience(learning)on the efficiency of credit and value creation in japanese commercial banks.The findings show that bank intermediary learning significantly improves the cost efficiency gain in the gross value created,total credit created,and investment.However,bank intermediary experience has no significant effect on the efficiency of the economic value created for all the banks analyzed.These findings have practical implications for evaluating cost dynamics in bank credit and value creation,risk management,lending to the real sector,and shareholder value creation.

关键词： Bank experience Credit creation Investment japanese banks Learning curve Value creation

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Relativized Quantum Physics Generating <i>N</i>-Valued Coulomb Force and Atomic Hydrogen Energy Spectrum

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journal of Modern Physics 2015年第3期6卷 194-200页

作者： Walter j. Christensen jr. Department of Physics and Astronomy Cal Poly Pomona University Pomona USA Department of Physics Cal State Fullerton Fullerton USA

Though not well-known, Einstein endeavored much of his life to general-relativize quantum mechanics, (rather than quantizing gravity). Albeit he did not succeed, his legacy lives on. In this paper, we begin with the general relativistic field equations describing flat spacetime, but stimulated by vacuum energy fluctuations. In our precursor paper, after straightforward general relativistic calculations, the resulting covariant and contravariant energy-momentum tensors were identified as n-valued operators describing graviton excitation. From these two operators, we were able to generate all three boson masses (including the Higgs mass) in precise agreement as reported in the 2010 CODATA (NIST);moreover local, as-well-as large-scale, accelerated spacetimes were shown to naturally occur from this general relativized quantum physics approach (RQP). In this paper, applying the same approach, we produce an n-valued Coulombs Force Law leading to the energy spectrum for atomic hydrogen, without assuming quantized atomic radii, velocity and momentum, as Bohr did.

关键词： General Relativity General Relativizing Quantum Mechanics Fundamental Constants Coulombs Force Law Atomic Hydrogen Energy States Bohr Radius Higgs Mass Bosons Mass Hierarchy Rydberg Constant Hawking Radiation

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God Is a Porcupine—Brain, Consciousness and Spacetime Physics

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journal of Modern Physics 2017年第8期8卷 1294-1318页

作者： Walter j. Christensen jr. Department of Physics and Astronomy California State Polytechnic University Pomona Pomona CA USA Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University Fullerton Fullerton CA USA

Whereas the human body requires a vast numbers of atoms to maintain its intricate anatomical functions, we assert that the human brain requires “something extra” to carry out its higher mental and emotional functions. Recently, neuroscientists are beginning to suspect brain cells are not fast enough, or intricate enough, to correlate complex spatiotemporal information into cognitive understanding. They conclude that spacetime fields may be necessary to assist the brain during neurological processing—in much the same way magnetic and electric fields are essential for the propagation of light. This “something extra,” we argue, is spacetime itself—where structures in the brain, called facilitators (somewhat like Descartes pineal gland), have evolved biologically in such a way, so as to be able to store and retrieve spacetime quanta for the formation and generation of consciousness and memory. In this way, cognition is not a thing complete. Rather it is emergent, and accumulates as discretized spacetime quanta in the brain so rapidly, we perceive our own awareness to be continuous, events spontaneous. In this paper, we consider spacetime to be a field (like all quantum fields), which can be excited into quanta particles called gravitons. We then apply this quanta excitation to help explain the brain’s cognitive processes. If the brain has indeed evolved to interact with discretized spacetime, then with the advent of improved functional imaging equipment, we might be able to map detailed correlations between neural processes, conscious experience and spacetime. In so doing, it might be possible to learn more about the fundamental workings of spacetime itself.

关键词： Neuroscience Consciousness Memory Brain Communication Spacetime Spacetime Quanta Gravitons Time Quanta General Relativity Relativized Quantum Physics (RQP)

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＂Long Live King Albany!＂： The History of King Lear （1608） and the Revolution in Shakespeare Studies

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History Research 2016年第2期6卷 59-69页

作者： john j. Burke, jr. University of Alabama Tuscaloosa USA

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Botryosphaeria, Neofusicoccum, Neoscytalidium and Pseudofusicoccum species associated with mango in Brazil

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第4期61卷 195-208页

作者： Marília W.Marques Nelson B.Lima Marcos A.de Morais jr Sami j.Michereff Alan j.L.Phillips Marcos P.S.Câmara Departamento de Agronomia Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco52171-900 RecifeBrazil Departamento de Genética Universidade Federal de Pernambuco50732-970 RecifeBrazil Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos Departamento de Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

Members of the Botryosphaeriaceae are well known fungi associated with dieback,canker and fruit rot on various hosts worldwide,including mango.The aim of this study was identify a large collection of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with dieback and stem-end rot of mango in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil,and compare the species in relation to mycelial growth,pathogenicity and virulence.A total of 115 isolates were sampled and based on morphology and DNA sequence data(ITS and EF1-α)seven taxa were identified,namely,Botryosphaeria dothidea,B.mamane,Fusicoccum fabicercianum,Neofusicoccum parvum,N.brasiliense sp.nov,Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum.B.dothidea and P.stromaticum were the most commonly isolated species,which represented 37%and 33%of all isolates respectively.B.mamane is reported for the first time in association with mango diseases worldwide.There were significant differences among the species obtained in this study in relation to optimum temperature for mycelial growth and mycelial growth rates.All species were pathogenic on mango fruit.There were significant differences in virulence among the species,with Ne.dimidiatum and N.parvum being the most virulent species,while P.stromaticum was the least virulent.

关键词： Botryosphaeriaceae Dieback Stem-end rot Mangifera indica Pathogenicity Virulence Phylogeny

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