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Photonics Research 2022年第1期10卷 33-40页

作者： XIONGLIANG WEI SYED AHMED AL MUYEED HAOTIAN XUE ELIA PALMESE RENBO SONG NELSON TANSU jONATHAN j.WIERER,jr. Center for Photonics and Nanoelectronics Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvania 18015USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

Near-infrared electroluminescence of InGaN quantum dots(QDs)formed by controlled growth on photoelectrochemical(PEC)etched QD templates is demonstrated.The QD template consists of PEC InGaN QDs with high density and controlled sizes,an AlGaN capping layer to protect the QDs,and a GaN barrier layer to planarize the surface.Scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)of Stranski-Krastanov(SK)growth on the QD template shows high-In-content InGaN QDs that align vertically to the PEC QDs due to localized strain.A highAl-content A1_(0.9)Ga_(0.1)N capping layer prevents the collapse of the SK QDs due to intermixing or decomposition during higher temperature GaN growth as verified by STEM.Growth of low-temperature(830℃)p-type layers is used to complete the p-n junction and further ensure QD integrity.Finally,electroluminescence shows a significant wavelength shift(800 nm to 500 nm),caused by the SK QDs’tall height,high In content,and strong polarization-induced electric fields.

关键词： AlGaN polarization template

Oxygen supply did not affect how lizards responded to thermal stress

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 428-436页

作者： Agustín CAMACHO john M.VANDENBROOKS Angela RILEY Rory S.TELEMECO Michael j.ANGILLETTA jr School of Life Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeArizonaUSA Department of Physiology Institute of BiosciencesUniversity of São PauloBrazil Department of Physiology Midwestern UniversityGlendaleArizonaUSA Department of Biology California State UniversityFresnoCaliforniaUSA

Zoologists rely on mechanistic niche models of behavioral thermoregulation to understand how animals respond to climate change.These models predict that species will need to disperse to higher altitudes to persist in a warmer world.However,thermal stress and,thus,thermoregulatory behavior may depend on atmospheric oxygen as well as environmental temperatures.Severe hypoxia causes animals to prefer lower body temperatures,which could be interpreted as evidence that oxygen supply limits heat tolerance.Such a constraint could prevent animals from successfully dispersing to high elevations during climate change.Still,an effect of oxygen supply on preferred body temperature has only been observed when oxygen concentrations fall far below levels experienced in nature.To see whether animals perceive greater thermal stress at an ecologically relevant level of hypoxia,we studied the thermoregulatory behavior of lizards(Sceloporus tristichus)exposed to oxygen concentrations of 13%and 21%(equivalent to PO2 at 4000 m and 0 m,respectively).In addition,we exposed lizards to 29%oxygen to see whether they would accept a higher body temperature at hyperoxia than at normoxia.At each oxygen level,we measured a behavioral response to heat stress known as the voluntary thermal maximum:the temperature at which a warming animal sought a cool refuge.Oxygen concentration had no discernable effect on the voluntary thermal maximum,suggesting that lizards experience thermal stress similarly at all 3 levels of oxygen(13%,12%and 29%).Future research should focus on thermoregulatory behaviors under ecologically relevant levels of hypoxia.

关键词： hypoxia Sceloporus stress temperature thermoregulation

ADVANCES IN LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYESTERS

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Chinese journal of Polymer Science 1992年第3期10卷 195-202页

作者： W. j. jackson jr. Research Laboratories Eastman Chemical Company Eastman Kodak Company Kingsport Tennessee U.S.A.Research Laboratories Eastman Chemical Company Eastman Kodak Company Kingsport Tennessee U.S.A.

Advances have been made in understanding the interactions of composition, molecular weight, liquid crystallinity,orientation, and three-dimensional crystallinity on the properties of injection-molded and melt-spun liquid crystalline polyesters (LCP's). Two classes of potentially low-cost LCP's were compared:(1) semiflexible LCP's prepared from 1,6-hexanediol and the dimethyl ester of either trans-4, 4'stilbenedicarboxylic acid or 4.4 ' biphenyldicarboxylic acid and (2) all-aromatic LCP's prepared from terephthalic acid, 2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, the diacetate of hydroquinone, and the acetate of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The effects of composition on the plastic properties of the 4-component all-aromatic LCP's were determined with the aid of a 3 x 3 factorial statistically designed experiment, the generation of equations with a computer program, and the plotting of three-dimensional figures and contour diagrams. The effects of absolute molecular weight (M_w) on the tensile strengths of the semiflexible LCP's and one of the all-aromatic LCP's having an excellent balance of plastic properties were also compared, and it was observed that the semiflexible LCP's required M_w's about 4 times higher than the all-aromatic LCP to attain a given strength. Persistence lengths and molecular modeling were used to explain these differences.

关键词： Liquid crystal thermotropic polyester plastic properties

Hole transporting material 5,10,15-tribenzyl-5Hdiindolo[3,2-a:3',2'-c]-carbazole for efficient optoelectronic applications as an active layer

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第2期24卷 428-431页

作者：郑燕琼 William j.Potscavage jr 张建华魏斌黄荣娟 Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications Ministry of EducationShanghai University Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research(OPERA) and International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research(WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University

In order to explore the novel application of the transparent hole-transporting material 5,10,15-tribenzyl-5Hdiindolo[3,2-a：3＇,2＇-c]-carbazole（TBDI）,in this article TBDI is used as an active layer but not a buffer layer in a photodetector（PD）,organic light-emitting diode（OLED）,and organic photovoltaic cell（OPV） for the first time.Firstly,the absorption and emission spectra of a blend layer comprised of TBDI and electron-transporting material bis-（2-methyl-8-quinolinate） 4-phenylphenolate（BAlq） are investigated.Based on the absorption properties,an organic PD with a peak absorption at 320 nm is fabricated,and a relatively-high detectivity of 2.44×10^（11） cm· Hz^（1/2）/W under 320-nm illumination is obtained.The TBDI/tris（8-hydroxyquinoline） aluminum（Alq_3） OLED device exhibits a comparable external quantum efficiency and current efficiency to a traditional 4,4-bis[N-（l-naphthyl）-N-phenyl-amino]biphenyl（α-NPD）/Alq_3 OLED.A C_（70）-based Schottky junction with 5 wt%-TBDI yields a power conversion efficiency of 5.0%,which is much higher than 1.7%for an α-NPD-based junction in the same configuration.These results suggest that TBDI has some promising properties which are in favor of the hole-transporting in Schottky junctions with a low-concentration donor.

关键词： 5 10 15-tribenzyl-5H-diindolo[3 2-a：3＇ 2＇-c]-carbazole photodetector organic light-emitting diode Schottky junction

Factors that impact health-related quality of life in adults with celiac disease:A multicenter study

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第1期14卷 46-52页

作者： F Casellas L Rodrigo j López Vivancos S Riestra C Pantiga jS Baudet F junquera V Puig Diví C Abadia M Papo j Gelabert jr Malagelada Digestive System Research Unit Hospital Universitari Vall d' Hebron Barcelona Spain Digestive System Research Unit Hospital Central de Asturias Oviedo Spain Digestive System Research Unit Internal Medicine Department Hospital General de Catalunya Barcelona Spain Digestive System Research Unit Hospital Virgen de la Candelaria Santa Cruz de Tenerife Spain Digestive System Research Unit Corporació Parc Taulí Sabadell Spain Digestive System Research Unit Hospital Joan ⅩⅩⅢ Tarragona Spain Digestive System Research Unit Hospital Verge del Toro Menorca Spain

AIM: To evaluate the factors involved in the impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with celiac disease.METHODS: A multicenter, cross-sectional prospective study was performed in patients with celiac disease who completed two HRQOL questionnaires: the gastrointestinal quality of life index (GIQLI) and the EuroQol-5D (EQ).RESULTS: Three hundred and forty patients (163 controlled with a gluten-free diet, and 177 newly diagnosed with a normal diet) were included. The GIQLI score was significantly better in patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) than in non-treated patients on their usual diet, both in terms of the overall score (3.3 vs 2.7, respectively; P < 0.001), as well as on the individual questionnaire dimensions. Both the preference value of the EQ as the visual analogue scale were significantly better in treated than in non-treated patients (0.93 vs 0.72 P < 0.001 and 80 vs 70 P < 0.001, respectively). Variables significantly associated with a worse HRQOL score were female gender, failure to adhere to a GFD, and symptomatic status.CONCLUSION: In untreated celiac disease, the most important factors that influence patient perception of health are the presence of symptoms and a normal diet. HRQOL improves to levels similar to those described in the general population in celiac disease patients well controlled with a GFD.

关键词：乳糜泻成年人慢性营养不良健康情况生存质量

HIV/HCV Antiviral Drug Interactions in the Era of Direct-acting Antivirals

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journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2016年第3期4卷 234-240页

作者： Donald P.Rice jr. john j.Faragon Sarah Banks Lisa M.Chirch Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington CT USA Division of HIV Medicine Albany Medical Center Albany NY USA Department of Medicine The Hospital of Central ConnecticutUniversity of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington CT USA

Therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and chronic hepatitis C has evolved over the past decade,resulting in better control of infection and clinical outcomes;however,drug-drug interactions remain a significant hazard.joint recommendations from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the Infectious Diseases Society of America regarding drug-drug interactions between HIV antiretroviral agents and direct-acting antiviral agents for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are reviewed here.This review is oriented to facilitate appropriate selection of an antiviral therapy regimen for HCV infection based on the choice of antiretroviral therapy being administered and,if necessary,switching antiretroviral regimens.

关键词： HIV Hepatitis C Direct-acting antivirals Drug interactions Pharmacokinetics Antiretroviral therapy

联合肝脏的小肠移植可减少免疫排斥但会增加感染

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第1期6卷 29-37,I0001,I0002页

作者： Guosheng Wu Ruy j.Cruz jr Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Xijing Hospital of Digestive DiseasesThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShannxiChina Thomas E.Starzl Transplantation Institute University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

背景:联合肝移植被认为可以减轻其他移植器官的免疫排斥损伤,但联合肝移植对移植小肠的影响目前尚无详细的研究数据。本研究旨在比较联合肝脏的小肠移植(LITx)与不联合肝脏的小肠移植(LETx)免疫排斥情况、移植失败的原因及临床结局。方... 详细信息

背景:联合肝移植被认为可以减轻其他移植器官的免疫排斥损伤,但联合肝移植对移植小肠的影响目前尚无详细的研究数据。本研究旨在比较联合肝脏的小肠移植(LITx)与不联合肝脏的小肠移植(LETx)免疫排斥情况、移植失败的原因及临床结局。方法:2000年5月至2010年5月间,212例成人小肠移植患者纳入研究,其中接受LITx者76例,接受LETx者136例。LITx包括肝肠联合移植和含肝脏在内的多器官联合移植,LETx则包括单独小肠移植和不含肝脏的改良多器官联合移植。结果:在(44.9631.4)月的术后随访期间,LITx组患者1、3、5年移植小肠存活率分别为96.9%、93.2%和89.9%,LETx分别为91.4%、69.3%和60.0%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。由于免疫排斥导致移植失败的比例LETx组高于LITx组(30.9%vs 6.6%,P<0.0001),而由于感染导致移植失败的比例LITx组则相对较高(25.0%vs 5.1%,P<0.0001)。按免疫排斥的类型进行分析,尽管两组急性细胞排斥反应的总体情况相当,但LITx组发生频率(平均0.87 vs 1.42,P=0.02)和严重程度(重度比例7.9%vs 21.3%,P=0.01)显著优于LETx组;急性抗体介导的排斥反应发生率(3.6%vs 25.1%,P=0.03)和慢性排斥反应发生率(3.9%vs 24.3%,P=0.0002)LITx组亦明显低于LETx组。结论:联合肝脏的小肠移植似乎可以减轻术后免疫排斥,但同时也增加了感染的风险。我们的研究结果提示,LITx有其独特的免疫特征和临床进程,对于行LITx的患者,应降低免疫抑制治疗的强度以减少感染的发生风险。

关键词：小肠移植免疫抑制排斥感染

Acid stress response in environmental and clinical strains of enteric bacteria

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第6期7卷 495-505页

作者： Gabriel j. SWENSON j. STOCHASTIC Franklyn F. BOLANDER, jr. Richard A. LONG Biological Sciences University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA Marine Science Program University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA Biology Department Paine College Augusta GA 30901 USA

许多伤寒细菌的成功在容忍的能力上被依赖环境应力象极端酸味那样。酸压力反应(ASR ) 在许多伤寒细菌被调查了并且被显示了包含涉及 transcriptional 规定，新陈代谢，殖民和毒力的许多基因的可变表示；代表在酸忍耐和致病力之间的一个... 详细信息

许多伤寒细菌的成功在容忍的能力上被依赖环境应力象极端酸味那样。酸压力反应(ASR ) 在许多伤寒细菌被调查了并且被显示了包含涉及 transcriptional 规定，新陈代谢，殖民和毒力的许多基因的可变表示；代表在酸忍耐和致病力之间的一个连接。尽管 ASR 研究的多数处于实验室条件并且从致病力的观点被进行了，酸改编上的环境水库的角色最近作为病原的微生物引起的生态学的一个重要方面出现了。这微型评论在三机会主义的伤寒病原体介绍 ASR 并且综合最近的工作与这动态回答的学习相关。

关键词：肠道细菌应激反应酸性环境分离株临床微生物生态学变量表达式实验室条件

Productivity and nutritive quality of dallisgrass (<i>Paspalum dilatatum</i>) as influenced by cutting height and rate of fertilization with poultry litter or commercial fertilizer

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 455-465页

作者： elias j. Bungenstab Adolfo C. Pereira jr. john C. Lin james L. Holliman Russell B. Muntifering Van Beek Nutrition Pocatello USA Elanco Animal Health Greenfield USA Department of Animal Sciences Auburn University Auburn USA

Dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum) is well adapted to the Black Belt region of the southeastern US, and information on its productivity and nutritive quality as influenced by fertility is needed. In each yr of a 2-yr study, an existing dallisgrass pasture that had been subdivided into 48 plots of 9.3 m2 each was fertilized with the equivalent of 34 (34N), 67 (67N), 101 (101N) or 134 (134N) kg N/ha from poultry litter (PL) or commercial fertilizer (CF;NH4NO3). In both years, primary-growth and vegetative regrowth forage was harvested in mid-August and late September, respectively, and forage from each harvest was clipped to either a 5- or 10-cm stubble height. Forage cut to a 5-cm height yielded 71% more (P < 0.001) DM than forage cut to a 10-cm height, but forage dry matter (DM) yields were not different between CF and PL treatments across years and fertilization rates. Concentration of crude protein (CP) was greater (P = 0.002) for CF than PL forage and increased for both fertilizer sources with increasing rates of N application. Forage concentrations of cell-wall constituents were not different between CF and PL treatments. Forage amended with CF had a higher concentration of Ca, Mg and Mn than PL-amended forage;however, forage amended with PL had a higher concentration of P and K than CF-amended forage. There was no effect of fertilizer source on forage concentration of Al, Cu or Zn. Results indicate that PL and CF were comparable for supporting productivity and nutritive quality of dallisgrass on Black Belt soils.

关键词： Dallisgrass Productivity Nutritive Quality Poultry Litter

Safety and efficacy of balloon angioplasty compared to stent-basedstrategies with pulmonary vein stenosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World journal of Cardiology 2023年第2期15卷 64-75页

作者： Pradyumna Agasthi Srilekha Sridhara Pattara Rattanawong Nithin Venepally Chieh-ju Chao Hasan Ashraf Sai Harika Pujari Mohamed Allam Diana Almader-Douglas Yamini Alla Amit Kumar Farouk Mookadam Douglas L Packer David R Holmes jr Donald j Hagler Floyd David Fortuin Reza Arsanjani Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicScottsdaleAZ 85259United States Department of Internal Medicine Banner Heart HospitalMesaAZ 85054United States Library Services Mayo ClinicPhoenixAZ 85054United States Department of Medicine Bronx Lebanon HospitalBronxNY 10457United States Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND Pulmonary vein stenosis(PVS)is an uncommon but known cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and children and can be managed with percutaneous revascularization strategies of pulmonary vein balloon angioplasty(PBA)or pulmonary vein stent implantation(PSI).AIM To study the safety and efficacy outcomes of PBA vs PSI in all patient categories with PVS.METHODS We performed a literature search of all studies comparing outcomes of patients evaluated by PBA vs PSI for PVS.We selected all published studies comparing PBA vs PSI for PVS with reported outcomes of restenosis and procedure-related complications in all patient categories.In adults,PVS following atrial fibrillation ablation and in children PVS related to congenital etiology or post-procedural PVS following total or partial anomalous pulmonary venous return repair were included.The patient-centered outcomes were risk of restenosis requiring re-intervention and procedural-related complications.The metaanalysis was performed by computing odds ratios(ORs)using the random effects model based on underlying statistical heterogeneity.RESULTS Eight observational studies treating 768 severe PVS in 487 patients met our inclusion criteria.The age range of patients was 6 months to 70 years and 67%were males.The primary outcome of the re-stenosis requiring re-intervention occurred in 196 of 325 veins in the PBA group and 111 of 443 veins in the PSI group.Compared to PSI,PBA was associated with a significantly increased risk of re-stenosis(OR 2.91,95%CI:1.15-7.37,P=0.025,I2=79.2%).Secondary outcomes of the procedurerelated complications occurred in 7 of 122 patients in the PBA group and 6 of 69 in the PSI group.There were no statistically significant differences in the safety outcomes between the two groups(OR:0.94,95%CI:0.23-3.76,P=0.929,I^(2)=0.0%).CONCLUSION Across all patient categories with PVS,PSI is associated with reduced risk of re-intervention and is as safe as PBA and should be considered first-line therapy for PVS.

关键词： Pulmonary veins Pulmonary vein stenosis Constriction Balloon angioplasty Stents Drugeluting stents