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South Asian dairy smallholders: A scoping review of practices and zoonoses

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第10期16卷 446-452页

作者： Emily Schembri Angus j D Campbell juan Pablo villanueva-cabezas Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia The Nossal Institute for Global Health The University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of Melbourne and the Royal Melbourne HospitalVictoriaAustralia

Objective: To identify and discuss on-farm management practices linked to bacterial zoonosis risk in smallholder dairy farmers in South Asia. Methods: This scoping review was conducted as per the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Five hundred and two publications were retrieved from five online databases using a comprehensive search strategy. Studies were selected if they discussed a farm management practice which impacted human health within a South Asian country. Results: Twenty-two studies were included. Seven management practices relevant to farmers, livestock and their shared environment were identified including raw milk consumption, farm hygiene management, personal protective equipment uses, animal vaccination, cleaning udders, hand washing and disposal of afterbirth materials. Preventive practices were found to be utilized at lower frequencies compared to risk increasing practices. Awareness of bacterial zoonoses is particularly low within the region. Conclusions: Based on the results of this review, it was determined that improving farmer awareness of bacterial zoonotic diseases may favor several of the presented leverage points within the South Asian smallholder dairy system. Relying on formal school education to improve this awareness may not solve this problem, instead, more focus on accessible and affordable zoonoses education and farming programs is required.

关键词： Management practices Zoonoses Dairy Smallholder system

Constrained sintering and wear properties of Cu-WC composite coatings

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第10期27卷 2214-2224页

作者： j.L.cabezas-villa L.OLMOS H.j.VERGARA-HERNáNDEZ O.jIMéNEZ P.GARNICA D.BOUVARD M.FLORES División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de MoreliaAv. Tecnológico #1500 Colonia Lomas de Santiaguito Morelia Michoacán C. P. 58120 México INICIT Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoFco. J. Mujica S/N Morelia Michoacán C. P. 58060 México Universidad de Guadalajara Departamento de Ingeniería de ProyectosJosé Guadalupe Zuno # 48 Los Belenes Zapopan Jalisco C. P. 45100 México Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS SIMaP 38000 Grenoble France

Coatings of metal matrix composites(Cu?WC)were fabricated by solid-state *** reinforcing particles indifferent quantities from5%up to30%(volume fraction)were mixed with Cu *** mixing,the powders were poured ontothe surface of copper *** was carried out at1000°C under a reducing atmosphere in a vertical *** was affected by both rigid substrates and WC particles which retarded the radial and axial densification of ***,the coatings were strongly attached to the substrate,and WC particles were randomly distributed within the *** addition ofthe reinforcing particles enhanced the microhardness and reduced the volume loss in wear tests to1/17compared to the *** predominant wear mechanism was identified as abrasion at a load of5N.20%WC(volume fraction)reinforcingparticles led to the maximum values of properties for the composite coating.

关键词： constrained sintering dilatometry dry sliding wear microhardness metal matrix composites coating

Prevalence of and risk factors for erectile dysfunction in young nondiabetic obese men:results from a regional study

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Asian journal of Andrology 2020年第4期22卷 372-378页

作者： María Molina-Vega Maite Asenjo-Plaza María joséBanderas-Donaire María Dolores Hernández-Ollero Silvia Rodríguez-Moreno juan jálvarez-Millán Pablo cabezas-Sanchez Fernando Cardona-Díaz juan Alcaide-Torres Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez Daniel Castellano-Castillo Francisco j Tinahones joséC Fernández-García Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital(IBIMA)Málaga UniversityMálaga 29010Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición(CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Cruz de Humilladero Primary Care Center Málaga 29010Spain Teatinos Primary Care Center Málaga 29010Spain Chemical Sanitary Consulting(CQS Lab) Madrid 28003Spain

Erectile dysfunction(ED),a condition closely related to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,is frequently associated with *** this study,we aimed to determine the prevalence of ED and evaluate the associated risk factors in a cohort of 254 young(18–49 years)nondiabetic obese(body mass index[BMI]≥30 kg m−2)men from primary *** function(International Index of Erectile Function[IIEF-5]questionnaire),quality of life(Aging Males'Symptoms[AMS scale]),and body composition analysis(Tanita MC-180MA)were *** testosterone was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography–mass *** logistic regression analysis was used to study the factors associated with *** prevalence was 42.1%.Subjects with ED presented higher BMI,waist circumference,number of components of the metabolic syndrome,AMS score,insulin resistance,and a more unfavorable body composition than those without *** logistic regression analysis showed that a pathological AMS score(odds ratio[OR]:4.238,P40%of subjects.A pathological AMS score,the degree of obesity,and age were positively associated with ED,while elevated HDL-cholesterol levels were inversely associated with the odds of presenting *** prospective studies are needed to evaluate the long-term consequences of ED in this population.

关键词： Aging Males'Symptoms score erectile dysfunction International Index of Erectile Function-5 questionnaire obesity testosterone

Impact of an acute hemodynamic response-guided protocol for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding

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World journal of Clinical Cases 2018年第13期6卷 611-623页

作者： josé Ignacio Fortea ángela Puente Patricia Ruiz Iranzu Ezcurra javier Vaquero Antonio Cuadrado María Teresa Arias-Loste joaquín cabezas Susana Llerena Paula Iruzubieta Carlos Rodríguez-Lope Patricia Huelin Fernando Casafont Emilio Fábrega javier Crespo Servicio de Aparato Digestivo Hospital Universitario Marques? de Valdecilla Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Marqués de Valdecilla Centro de Investigación Biomédica Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas Laboratorio de Investigación en Hepatología y Gastroenterología Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara?ón-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Mara?ón

AIM To evaluate the long-term outcome of an acute hemodynamic response-guided protocol in which acute responders to intravenous propranolol received traditional nonselective beta-blockers(NSBBs) and acute nonresponders received *** Retrospective review of a protocol for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding guided by the acute hemodynamic response to intravenous propranolol. Fifty-two acute responders treated with traditional NSBB(i.e. propranolol or nadolol) were compared with 24 acute nonresponders receiving carvedilol. A second hemodynamic study was performed in 27 and 13 patients, respectively. The primary endpoint was development of first or further decompensation. Secondary endpoints included death from any cause, association between acute and chronic hemodynamic response, and baseline clinical and laboratory variables related to the acute hemodynamic *** Acute responders and acute nonresponders presented similar 1, 2, and 3-year probabilities of first decompensation(NSBB: 0%, 13.7%, 26.1% vs carvedilol: 0%, 20%, 20%, P = 0.968) or further decompensation(21.2%, 26.1%, 40.9% vs 21.2%, 50.0%, 50.0%, P = 0.525). A previous episode of hepatic encephalopathy was the only independent predictor of decompensation [hazard ratio(95% confidence interval): 8.03(2.76-23.37)]. Mortality rates were similar in acute responders and acute nonresponders with compensated(P = 0.428) or decompensated cirrhosis(P = 0.429). No clinical, laboratory, endoscopic or hemodynamic parameter predicted the acute hemodynamic response. In patients receiving traditional NSBB, the acute and chronic changes of hepatic venous pressure gradient were correlated(r = 0.59, P = 0.001). Up to 69.2% of acute nonresponders gained chronic response with *** Early identification and treatment with carvedilol of acute nonresponders to intravenous propranolol improves the clinical outcome of this high-risk group of patients, probably due to its greater effects fo

关键词： Gastrointestinal hemorrhage Propranolol Carvedilol Liver cirrhosis Portal hypertension

Total IgA and IgA reactivity to antigen I/II epitopes in HLA-DRB1*04 positive subjects

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Open journal of Immunology 2013年第3期3卷 82-92页

作者： V. Wallace McCarlie james K. Hartsfield jr janice S. Blum Carlos González-cabezas judith R. Chin George j. Eckert Lorri A. Morford Mark D. Pescovitz Henry Rodriguez Margherita Fontana Richard L. Gregory Center for Oral Health Research Division of Orthodontics Department of Oral Health Science and Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics Colleges of Dentistry and Medicine University of Kentucky Lexington USA Center for Oral Health Research Division of Orthodontics Department of Oral Health Science College of Dentistry University of Kentucky Lexington USA Department of Biostatistics Schools of Medicine and Public Health Indiana University Indianapolis USA Department of Cariology Restorative Sciences and Endodontics School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine Indiana University Indianapolis USA Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics School of Dental Medicine East Carolina University Greenville USA Department of Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry Indiana University Indianapolis USA Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine University of South Florida Tampa USA Departments of Oral Biology and Preventive and Community Dentistry and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Schools of Dentistry and Medicine Indiana University Indianapolis USA Departments of Surgery and Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine Indiana University Indianapolis USA

Bacterial adherence to the acquired dental pellicle, important in dental caries (caries), is mediated by receptor-adhesins such as salivary agglutinin binding to Streptococcus mutans antigen I/II (I/II). Ten selected I/II epitopes were chosen to determine their reactivity to human salivary IgA. Previous studies suggested that a specific HLA biomarker group (HLA-DRB1*04) may have differential influence of immune responses to I/II. However, it was not known whether secretory IgA (SIgA) responses to the selected epitopes from HLA-DRB1*04 positive subjects were different compared to controls, or across other caries-related factors such as total IgA (TIgA). Thirty-two total subjects were matched according to HLA type, gender, ethnicity and age. HLA genotyping, oral bacterial, immunoglobulin and antibody analyses were performed. A large observed difference emerged with regard to the natural immune reservoir of TIgA in HLA-DRB1*04 positive subjects, specifically, a 27.6% reduction compared to controls. In contrast to all other epitopes studied, HLA-DRB1*04 positive subjects also exhibited reduced reactivity to I/II epitope 834-853. HLA-DRB1*04 positive subjects exhibited lower specific SIgA activity/TIgA to 834-853 and also a lower specific reactivity to 834-853/whole cell S. mutans UA159. Furthermore, HLA-DRB1*04 positive subjects exhibited lower responses to I/II in its entirety. The large observed difference in TIgA and the 834-853 reactivity pattern across multiple measures suggest potentially important connections pertaining to the link between HLA-DRB1*04 and caries.

关键词： Dental Caries Streptococcus mutans I/II IgA Immunomodulation Immunogenetics HLA-II DRB1 DRB1*04