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Detection,management,and prevention of diabetes-related foot disease in the Australian context

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World journal of Diabetes 2023年第7期14卷 942-957页

作者： Scott McNeil Kate Waller Yves S Poy Lorenzo Olimpia C Mateevici Stacey Telianidis Sara Qi Irina Churilov Richard j MacIsaac Anna Galligan High Risk Foot Service St Vincent’s Hospital MelbourneFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes St Vincent’s Hospital MelbourneFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia Department of Podiatry St Vincent’s Hospital MelbourneFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia Infectious Diseases Unit Department of MedicineSt Vincent’s Hospital MelbourneFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia Department of Pharmacy St Vincent’s Hospital MelbourneFitzroy 3065Australia Department of Medicine St Vincent’s Hospital MelbourneUniversity of MelbourneFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia Department of Vascular Surgery St Vincent’s Hospital MelbourneFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia Department of Rehabilitation Medicine St Vincent’s Hospital MelbourneFitzroy 3065VictoriaAustralia the Australian Centre for Accelerating Diabetes Innovations School of MedicineUniversity of MelbourneParkville 3010VictoriaAustralia

Diabetes-related foot disease(DFD)is a widely feared complication among people who live with *** Australia and globally,rates of disability,cardiovascular disease,lower extremity amputation,and mortality are significantly increased in patients with *** order to understand and prevent these outcomes,we analyse the common pathogenetic processes of neuropathy,arterial disease,and *** review then summarises important management considerations through the interdisciplinary *** Australian and international guidelines,we offer a stepwise,evidence-based practical approach to the care of patients with DFD.

关键词： Diabetes-related foot disease Foot ulceration Lower extremity amputation Neuropathy Peripheral arterial disease Infection

Ionic Elastomers for Electric Actuators and Sensors

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Engineering 2021年第5期7卷 581-602页

作者： Chenrun Feng C.P.Hemantha Rajapaksha Antal jákli Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State UniversityKentOH 44242USA Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute Kent State UniversityKentOH 44242USA Department of Physics Kent State UniversityKentOH 44242USA

In the past decades,ion conductive polymers and elastomers have drawn worldwide attention for their advanced functions in batteries,electroactive soft robotics,and *** ionic elastomers with dispersed soft ionic moieties such as ionic liquids have gained remarkable attention as soft sensors,in applications such as the wearable devices that are often called electric skins.A considerable amount of research has been done on ionic-elastomer-based strain,pressure,and shear sensors;however,to the best of our knowledge,this research has not yet been *** this review,we summarize the materials and performance properties of engineered ionic elastomer actuators and ***,we review three classes of ionic elastomer actuators—namely,ionic polymer metal composites,ionic conducting polymers,and ionic polymer/carbon nanocomposites—and provide perspectives for future actuators,such as adaptive four-dimensional(4D)printed systems and ionic liquid crystal elastomers(iLCEs).Next,we review the state of the art of ionic elastomeric strain and pressure *** also discuss future wearable strain sensors for biomechanical applications and sports performance ***,we present the preliminary results of iLCE sensors based on flexoelectric signals and their amplification by integrating them with organic electrochemical transistors.

关键词： Soft robots Ionic electroactive elastomer Ionic elastomer sensor Programmable deformation Liquid crystal elastomer

Effects of TNF receptor blockade on in vitro cell survival and response to negative energy balance in dairy cattle

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 430-438页

作者： C.A.Martel L.K.Mamedova j.E.Minton M.Garcia C.Legallet B.j.Bradford Department of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University

Background: Associative data and some controlled studies suggest that the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor(TNF) α can induce fatty liver in dairy cattle. However, research demonstrating that TNFα is a necessary component in the etiology of bovine fatty liver is lacking. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether blocking TNFα signaling with a synthetic cyclic peptide(TNF receptor loop peptide; TRLP) would improve liver metabolic function and reduce triglyceride accumulation during feed ***: Capability of TRLP to inhibit TNFα signaling was confirmed on primary bovine hepatocytes treated with recombinant bovine TNFα and 4 doses of TRLP(0, 1, 10, 50 μmol/L) over 24 h. Next, 4 lactating Holstein cows(parity 1.4 ± 0.5, 433 ± 131 d in milk) in an incomplete Latin rectangle design(3 × 2) were subcutaneously administered with different TRLP doses(0, 1.5, 3.0 mg/kg BW) every 4 h for 24 h, followed by an intravenous injection of TNFα(5 μg/kg BW). Before and for 2 h after TNFα injection, TRLP decreased plasma non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA)concentration(P ≤ 0.05), suggesting an altered metabolic response to inflammation. Finally, 10 non-pregnant, nonlactating Holstein cows(3.9 ± 1.1 yr of age) were randomly assigned to treatments: control(carrier: 57% DMSO in PBS)or TRLP(1.75 mg TRLP/kg BW per day). Treatments were administrated every 4 h for 7 d by subcutaneous injection to feed-restricted cows fed 30% of maintenance energy requirements. Daily blood samples were analyzed for glucose,insulin, β-hydroxybutyrate, NEFA, and haptoglobin concentrations, with no treatment effects detected. On d 7, cows completed a glucose tolerance test(GTT) by i.v. administration of a dextrose bolus(300 mg glucose/kg BW). Glucose,insulin, and NEFA responses failed to demonstrate any significant effect of treatment during the GTT. However, plasma and liver analyses were not indicative of dramatic lipolysis or hepatic lipidosis, suggesting that the feed restriction protoc

关键词： Dairy cows Fatty liver Glucose tolerance test Tumor necrosis factorα

Distributing disciplinarian of ground motion parameters on an earth fissure site during strong earthquakes

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2020年第3期19卷 597-610页

作者： Xiong Zhongming Zhang Chao Huo Xiaopeng Chen Xuan j.jorge Ochoa College of Civil Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China College of Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010China School of Natural&Built Environments University of South AustraliaAdelaide 5108Australia

To investigate the distributing disciplinarian of ground motion parameters on the earth fissure site during strong earthquakes,a series of shaking table tests were designed and conducted based on 1:15 scaled *** results showed significant differences in the ground motion parameters(including ground motion intensity indices,spectrum characteristics and strong motion duration)between the hanging-wall and footwall caused by the earth *** response,displacement response and Arias Intensity response on both sides of earth fissure indicated that the earth fissure site on the hanging-wall was destroyed more *** distributing disciplinarian of amplification factors showed clear"hangingwall and footwall effects",which were more remarkable nearby the fissure *** low-frequency component of the seismic wave was richer after selectively filtering in the soil *** comparing the predominant period and mean period of the hanging-wall and footwall,it was found that vibration frequency on the hanging-wall was greater than that on the *** values of strong motion duration were recorded on the hanging-wall close to the fissure and increased from the fissure to both sides.

关键词： earth parameters shaking

Surface-effect on detection ability of fluorescent Eu(btc)metal-organic frameworks to metal ions

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journal of Rare Earths 2021年第4期39卷 446-452页

作者： jiaolong Peng Wei Zhou Heping Ding Huanhuan Du Shujing j.Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Eu(btc)metal organic frameworks(MOFs)were prepared by co-precipitation method via 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acids(H3btc)connecting with Eu^(3+)ions,and the morphology was controlled from compact spherical to irregular honeycomb by adjusting the pH of reaction *** luminescence properties of Eu(btc)MOFs are found to be related to the surface morphology of products,and the compact spherical one performs stronger emission *** sensing ability of Eu(btc)MOFs to 11 kinds of metal ions was investigated and a prominent quenching effect occurrs in Fe^(3+),or Ni^(2+)*** on UV—vis absorption analysis,an“ion-fence”model presents the competition to absorb exciting light between Eu(btc)MOFs and adsorbed metal *** on Stern-Volmer equation,the Eu(btc)detection is found with higher Ksv value and a lower detection ***,a higher sensing efficiency is confirmed in the Eu(btc)MOFs with loose honeycomb due to aggravating porous surface offering much more sites for metal ions.

关键词： MOF Surface-effect Detection Metal ions Rare earths

Mechanical properties of Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy with bimodal grain size distributions

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2017年第4期5卷 423-429页

作者： j.H.He L.jin F.H.Wang S.Dong j.Dong National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming Shanghai Jiao Tong University800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240PR China

The Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloys are representational and potential age-hardening systems as reported in the past ten years,but their mechanical properties are still dependent on the grain size and its *** effect of bimodal structure on mechanical properties of Mg-8Gd-3Y-0.5Zr alloy with bimodal grain size distributions was *** results suggested that the volume fraction of fine grain(FG)and coarse grain(CG)could be controlled by combined processes of hot forging,extrusion and *** for the present alloys with bimodal grain size distribution,the improvement of strength is still attributed to the grain *** morphology of bimodal grain size distribution has a marked impact on the ductility of the alloy,*** the increase of coarse grain volume fraction,the elongation to failure increases at the beginning and then *** mechanism of the toughening effect of bimodal grain size distribution on the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloys with bimodal grain size structure has been discussed.

关键词： Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloy Forging Extrusion Bimodal grain size distribution Mechanical properties

Resistance to ERK1/2 pathway inhibitors;sweet spots,fitness deficits and drug addiction

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第2期2卷 365-380页

作者： Matthew j.Sale Kathryn Balmanno Simon j.Cook Signalling Programme The Babraham InstituteBabraham Research CampusCambridge CB223ATUK

MEK1/2 inhibitors are clinically approved for the treatment of BRAF-mutant melanoma,where they are used in combination with BRAF inhibitors,and are undergoing evaluation in other *** resistance to MEK1/2 inhibitors,including selumetinib(AZD6244/ARRY-142866),can arise through amplification of BRAF^(V600E) or KRAS^(G13D) to reinstate ERK1/2 *** have found that BRAF^(V600E) amplification and selumetinib resistance are fully reversible following drug *** is because resistant cells with BRAF^(V600E) amplification become addicted to selumetinib to maintain a precise level of ERK1/2 signalling(2%-3%of total ERK1/2 active),that is optimal for cell proliferation and *** withdrawal drives ERK1/2 activation outside of this critical“sweet spot”(~20%-30%of ERK1/2 active)resulting in a p57^(KIP2)-dependent G1 cell cycle arrest and senescence or expression of NOXA and cell death with features of autophagy;these terminal responses select against cells with amplified BRAF^(V600E).ERK1/2-dependent p57^(KIP2) expression is required for loss of BRAF^(V600E) amplification and determines the rate of reversal of selumetinib *** of selumetinib-resistant cells with BRAF^(V600E) amplification as tumour xenografts also requires the presence of selumetinib to“clamp”ERK1/2 activity within the sweet ***,BRAF^(V600E) amplification confers a selective disadvantage or“fitness deficit”during drug withdrawal,providing a rationale for intermittent dosing to forestall ***,selumetinib resistance driven by KRAS^(G13D) amplification/upregulation is not *** these cells ERK1/2 reactivation does not inhibit proliferation but drives a ZEB1-dependent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition that increases cell motility and promotes resistance to traditional chemotherapy *** results reveal that the emergence of drug-addicted,MEKi-resistant cells,and the opportunity this may afford for intermittent dosing

关键词： BRAF CDKN1C/p57^(KIP2) EMT ERK KRAS MEK MEK inhibitor resistance selumetinib

Soft pneumatic actuators by digital light processing combined with injection-assisted post-curing

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第2期42卷 159-172页

作者： Qiang ZHANG Shayuan WENG Zeang ZHAO H.j.QI Daining FANG State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China The George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332U.S.A.

The soft robotics display huge advantages over their rigid counterparts when interacting with living organisms and fragile *** one of the most efficient actuators toward soft robotics,the soft pneumatic actuator(SPA)can produce large,complex responses with utilizing pressure as the only input *** this work,a new approach that combines digital light processing(DLP)and injection-assisted post-curing is proposed to create SPAs that can realize different *** enable this,we develop a new class of photo-cross linked elastomers with tunable mechanical properties,good stretchability,and rapid curing *** carefully designing the geometry of the cavities embedded in the actuators,the resulting actuators can realize contracting,expanding,flapping,and twisting *** addition,we successfully fabricate a soft self-sensing bending actuator by injecting conductive liquids into the three-dimensional(3D)printed actuator,demonstrating that the present method has the potential to be used to manufacture intelligent soft robotic systems.

关键词： soft pneumatic actuator(SPA) digital light processing(DLP) injectionassisted post-curing three-dimensional(3D)printing

Orientation dependence of mechanically induced grain boundary migration in nano-grained copper

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第9期68卷 30-34页

作者： j.X.Hou X.Y.Li K.Lu Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China.Hefei 230026China

Tensile tests were carried out on gradient nanograined copper samples to investigate the grain orientation dependence of mechanically induced grain boundary migration(GBM) process. The relationship between GBM and the orientations of nanograins relative to loading direction was established by using electron backscatter diffraction. GBM is found to be more pronounced in the grains with higher Schmid factors where dislocations are easier to slip. As a result, the fraction of high angle grain boundaries decreases and that of low angle grain boundaries increases after GBM.

关键词： Grain boundary migration Orientation dependence Texture Nano-grain Copper