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Nonlinear Conformal Gravitation

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j.urnal of Modern Physics 2023年第11期14卷 1464-1496页

作者： j.-F. Pommaret CERMICS Ecole des Ponts ParisTech Paris France

In 1909 the brothers E. and F. Cosserat discovered a new nonlinear group theoretical approach to elasticity (EL), with the only experimental need to measure the EL constants. In a modern framework, they used the nonlinear Spencer sequence instead of the nonlinear j.net sequence for the Lie groupoid defining the group of rigid motions of space. Following H. Weyl, our purpose is to compute for the first time the linear and nonlinear Spencer sequences for the Lie groupoid defining the conformal group of space-time in order to provide the mathematical foundations of both electromagnetism (EM) and gravitation (GR), with the only experimental need to measure the EM and GR constants. With a manifold of dimension n ≥ 3, the difficulty is to deal with the n nonlinear transformations that have been called “elations” by E. Cartan in 1922. Using the fact that dimension n = 4 has very specific properties for the computation of the Spencer cohomology, we also prove that there is no conceptual difference between the (nonlinear) Cosserat EL field or induction equations and the (linear) maxwell EM field or induction equations. As for gravitation, the dimension n = 4 also allows to have a conformal factor defined everywhere but at the central attractive mass because the inversion law of the isotropy subgroupoid made by second order j.ts transforms attraction into repulsion. The mathematical foundations of both electromagnetism and gravitation are thus only depending on the structure of the conformal pseudogroup of space-time.

关键词： Nonlinear Differential Sequences Linear Differential Sequences Lie Groupoids Lie Algebroids Conformal Geometry Spencer Cohomology maxwell Equations Cosserat Equations

Airy, Beltrami, maxwell, Einstein and Lanczos Potentials Revisited

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j.urnal of Modern Physics 2016年第7期7卷 699-728页

作者： j.-F. Pommaret CERMICS Ecole des Ponts ParisTech Marne-la-Vallée France

The purpose of this paper is to revisit the well known potentials, also called stress functions, needed in order to study the parametrizations of the stress equations, respectively provided by G.B. Airy (1863) for 2-dimensional elasticity, then by E. Beltrami (1892), j.C. maxwell (1870) for 3-dimensional elasticity, finally by A. Einstein (1915) for 4-dimensional elasticity, both with a variational procedure introduced by C. Lanczos (1949, 1962) in order to relate potentials to Lagrange multipliers. Using the methods of Algebraic Analysis, namely mixing differential geometry with homological algebra and combining the double duality test involved with the Spencer cohomology, we shall be able to extend these results to an arbitrary situation with an arbitrary dimension n. We shall also explain why double duality is perfectly adapted to variational calculus with differential constraints as a way to eliminate the corresponding Lagrange multipliers. For example, the canonical parametrization of the stress equations is j.st described by the formal adj.int of the components of the linearized Riemann tensor considered as a linear second order differential operator but the minimum number of potentials needed is equal to for any minimal parametrization, the Einstein parametrization being “in between” with potentials. We provide all the above results without even using indices for writing down explicit formulas in the way it is done in any textbook today, but it could be strictly impossible to obtain them without using the above methods. We also revisit the possibility (maxwell equations of electromagnetism) or the impossibility (Einstein equations of gravitation) to obtain canonical or minimal parametrizations for various equations of physics. It is nevertheless important to notice that, when n and the algorithms presented are known, most of the calculations can be achieved by using computers for the corresponding symbolic computations. Finally, though the paper is mathemati

关键词： Stress Equations Stress Functions Elasticity Theory Lagrange Multipliers Formal Adj.int Control Theory General Relativity Einstein Equations Lanczos Potentials Algebraic Analysis Riemann Tensor Weyl Tensor

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除草剂抗性机制

中国农药 2018年第9期14卷 9-12页

作者： Christopher preston Patrick j.Tranel 杨田甜(编译) 不详济南天昱农业科技有限公司

除草剂抗性机制一般分为靶标位点和非靶标位点两类。但是每一类中,还有不同的抗性机制。本文以澳大利亚杂草抗性为基础,综述了杂草抗性机制。1靶标位点抗性机制靶标位点机制涉及与除草剂结合的蛋白发生变化,导致对杂草体内生化途径抑制... 详细信息

除草剂抗性机制一般分为靶标位点和非靶标位点两类。但是每一类中,还有不同的抗性机制。本文以澳大利亚杂草抗性为基础,综述了杂草抗性机制。1靶标位点抗性机制靶标位点机制涉及与除草剂结合的蛋白发生变化,导致对杂草体内生化途径抑制的缺失。

关键词：抗性机制除草剂杂草抗性澳大利亚发生变化靶标

Entropy at the Level of Individual Particles: Analysis of maxwell’s Agent with a Hidden-Variable Theory

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j.urnal of Modern Physics 2016年第10期7卷 1277-1295页

作者： Dirk j. Pons Arion D. Pons Aiden j. Pons Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Rangiora New Life School Rangiora New Zealand

Problem: maxwell’s Agent (MA) is a thought experiment about whether the second Law is violated at smaller scales. This is a complex problem because the scale dependencies are unclear for perfect gas assumptions, quantum coherence, thermalisation, and contextual measurement. Purpose: The MA is explored from a non-local hidden-variable (NLHV) perspective. Approach: The Cordus theory, a specific NLHV solution, was applied at macroscopic to fundamental scales. Physical realism requires the Agent be included in the analysis. Findings: The primary function is sorting, i.e. a one-time separation of species by some attribute. The thermodynamic MA situation is merely a special case for reducing disorder (entropy). A one-time extraction of energy is possible. This requires input energy, hence the device only has thermodynamic leverage and is not a perpetual motion device. Inefficiencies arise from thermalisation causing short mean free path of Brownian motion, perfect gases having minimal interaction with the gate, ambiguity about spatial location arising from quantum superposition, contextual measurement interfering with the particle velocity, and bremsstrahlung hysteresis losses occurring when the Agent operates. Implications: Entropy is a group property at the bulk level, not a characteristic of the individual particle, and can be reversed at an energy cost at the particle level. Originality: The explanation spans multiple levels from macroscopic down to fundamental, which is unusual. Achieving an explanation from the NLHV sector is novel. The theory accommodates superposition, irreversibility, entropy, contextual measurement, coherence-discord transition, and Brownian motion.

关键词： Entropy Irreversibility Ratchet Demon Thermodynamics Contextual Measurement

Successful Detection of a Preferred Frame Using Eclipses of j.piter’s Moon Io

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j.urnal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第2期10卷 322-332页

作者： Stephan j. G. Gift Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering The University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago

In this paper tests by maxwell and Gift that search for a preferred frame or ether arising from movement through that frame using j.piter’s moon Io are reviewed and discussed. Unlike the Michelson-Morley second-order experiment which unsuccessfully attempted to detect the orbital motion of the Earth relative to the ether, these tests are both first-order and therefore are unaffected by the second-order effects of length contraction and clock retardation. The test by maxwell utilizes the delay in the eclipse of Io as the Earth orbits the Sun in an attempt to detect ether drift resulting from the galactic movement of the Sun. This test requires a 6-year duration for its full execution and was never performed because of practical difficulties. The test first presented by Gift can be conducted over a few days and employs the observed variation of the period of Io as the Earth moves toward or away from j.piter. The result is a positive detection of ether drift arising from the orbital motion of the Earth. The detected ether drift is evidence of a preferred frame which we argue corresponds to the solar system barycentric or sun-centered inertial (SCI) frame.

关键词： Ether Drift maxwell Roemer j.piter Io Luminiferous Ether Preferred Frame Sun-Centered Inertial Frame

Avalanche boron fusion by laser picosecond block ignition with magnetic trapping for clean and economic reactor

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2016年第4期4卷 1-9页

作者： H.Hora G.Korn S.Eliezer N.Nissim P.Lalousis L.Giuffrida D.Margarone A.Picciotto G.H.Miley S.Moustaizis j.-M.Martinez-Val C.P.j.Barty G.j.Kirchhoff Department of Theoretical Physics University of New South Wales ELI-Beamline Proj.ct Inst. PhysicsASCRPALS Center Institute of Nuclear Fusion Polytechnic University of Madrid Soreq Research Center Institute of Electronic Structure and Lasers FORTH Micro-Nano Facility Fondazione Bruno Kessler Department of Nuclear Plasma & Radiological Engineering University of Illinois Technical University Crete Laboratory of Matter Structure and Laser Physics Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Uj. Management GmbH

Measured highly elevated gains of proton–boron(HB11) fusion(Picciotto et al., Phys. Rev. X 4, 031030(2014))confirmed the exceptional avalanche reaction process(Lalousis et al., Laser Part. Beams 32, 409(2014); Hora et al.,Laser Part. Beams 33, 607(2015)) for the combination of the non-thermal block ignition using ultrahigh intensity laser pulses of picoseconds duration. The ultrahigh acceleration above 10^(20) cm s^(-2)for plasma blocks was theoretically and numerically predicted since 1978(Hora, Physics of Laser Driven Plasmas(Wiley, 1981), pp. 178 and 179) and measured(Sauerbrey, Phys. Plasmas 3, 4712(1996)) in exact agreement(Hora et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 072701(2007)) when the dominating force was overcoming thermal processes. This is based on maxwell's stress tensor by the dielectric properties of plasma leading to the nonlinear(ponderomotive) force f_(NL)resulting in ultra-fast expanding plasma blocks by a dielectric explosion. Combining this with measured ultrahigh magnetic fields and the avalanche process opens an option for an environmentally absolute clean and economic boron fusion power reactor. This is supported also by other experiments with very high HB11 reactions under different conditions(Labaune et al., Nature Commun.4, 2506(2013)).

关键词： boron fusion energy dielectric nonlinear force explosion economic reactor environmentally clean energy picosecond-non-thermal plasma block ignition

冠醚-卟啉-联吡啶超分子体系的合成及性质研究

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 1999年第S1期38卷 514-514页

作者：陈彰评 maxwell j.Gunter 武汉大学化学系湖北430072 DepartmentofChemistry

Electron transfer in ferrocene-porphyrin-fullerene systems

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Electron transfer in ferrocene-porphyrin-fullerene systems

A Micro-Sized Light-Driven Pico-Second Oscillator

13th Asian Chemical Congress

作者： LEE Sai H LARSEN Allan G KOTANI Hiroaki OHKUBO Kei REIMERS j.ffrey R FUKUZUMI Shunichi CROSSLEY maxwell j School of Chemistry F11 The University of Sydney2006NSWAustralia Department of Material and Life Science Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka UniversitySORSTJapan Science and Technology AgencySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

Recently a porphyrin-fullerene dyad ZnP-C and a linear ferrocene-porphyrin-fullerene triad Fc-ZnP-CL were synthesized and shown to support the longest-lived charge-separated states,260μs and 630μs,for triads yet ***... 详细信息

关键词： porphyrin fullerene electron transfer

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j.urnal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2020年第12期8卷 2793-2800页

作者： Ali j. Sabbah R. Hamam Math and Physics Department Lebanese International University Beirut Lebanon

Light carries linear momentum and can therefore exert a radiation force on the obj.cts that it encounters. This established fact enabled optical manipulation of micro/nano-sized obj.cts, as well as macroscopic obj.cts such as solar sails, among many other important applications. While these efforts benefit from the average value of light’s linear momentum, in this article, we propose exploiting the temporal variation of light’s linear momentum to achieve an oscillatory force of microNewton amplitude and picosecond period. We validate our proposal by analytical calculations and time domain simulations of maxwell’s equations in the case of a high-index quarter-wave slab irradiated by a terahertz plane electromagnetic wave. In particular, we show that for plane wave terahertz light of electric field amplitude 5000 V/m and frequency 4.8 THz, an oscillatory radiation pressure of amplitude 1.8 × 10-4 N/m2 and 0.1 ps period can be achieved.

关键词： Radiation Force Optical Manipulation/Micromachines Instantaneous Electromagnetic Linear Momentum Density Linear Momentum Conservation Light Driven Oscillator