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Biomass gasification,catalytic technologies and energy integration for production of circular methanol:New horizons for industry decarbonisation

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 306-318页

作者： luis F.Bobadilla lola Azancot Miriam gonzál.z-Castañ Estela Ruíz-lópez laura Pastor-Pérez Francisco j.Durán-Olivencia Runping Ye Katie Chong Paula HBlanco-Sánchez zenthao Wu Tomás R.Reina j.séA.Odriozola Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de SevillaAvda.Américo Vespucio 49Sevilla 41092Spain Departamento de Ingeniería Universidad Loyola AndalucíaAvda.de Las Universidades s/nSevilla 41704Spain Key laboratory of j.angxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute(EBRI) Aston UniversityBirminghamB47ETUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUnited Kingdom

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)recognises the pivotal role of renewable energies in the future energy system and the achievement of the zero-emission *** implementation of renewables should provide maj.r opportunities and enable a more secure and decentralised energy supply *** fuels provide long-term solutions for the transport sector,particularly for applications where fuels with high energy density are *** addition,it helps reducing the carbon footprint of these sectors in the *** on biomass characteristics feedstock is essential for scaling-up gasification from the laboratory to *** review deals with the transformation biogenic residues into a valuable bioenergy carrier like biomethanol as the liquid sunshine based on the combination of modified mature technologies such as gasification with other innovative solutions such as membranes and microchannel *** abatement is a critical process in product gas upgrading since tars compromise downstream processes and equipment,for this,membrane technology for upgrading syngas quality is discussed in this *** reactor technology with the design of state-of-the-art multifunctional catalysts provides a path to develop decentralised biomethanol synthesis from biogenic ***,the development of a process chain for the production of(i)methanol as an intermediate energy carrier,(ii)electricity and(iii)heat for decentralised applications based on biomass feedstock flexible gasification,gas upgrading and methanol synthesis is analysed.

关键词： Biogenic residues Gasification Biomethanol Circular Economy Microreactors

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EXPERIMENTAl RESEARCH AND NUMERICAl SIMUlATION OF lASER SHOCK FORMING OF TA2 TITANIUM SHEET

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2006年第5期19卷 347-354页

作者： F. Wang z. Q. Yao j. Hu Q.l. Deng School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030 China

laser shock forming （ISF） was a new technique real.zed by applying an impulsive pressure generated by laser-induced shock wave on the surface of metal sheet. lSF of metal sheet was investigated with experiments and numerical simulation. The basic theories were introduced; the surface quality and deformation of the processed titanium sample （TA2） were examined; ABAQUS was used to simulate ISF and the central displacement of the shocked region was measured and compared with the simulation. Overlapped ISF treatment was experimentally carried out to produce groove and simulation. The results showed that the surface quality and the microstructure with single laser pulse had no remarkable change, and ablation was observed on the surface of the sample with overlapped pulses. The deformation observed in the numerical simulation agreeed with that observed in the experimental measurement quite well.

关键词： laser shock forming numerical simulation surface quality deformation

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EFFECT OF Cu-Ni CONTENT ON THE CORROSION RESISTANCE OF(Cu-Ni)/(10NiO-90NiFe_2O_4)CERMET INERT ANODE FOR AlUMINUM ElECTROlYSIS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2008年第1期21卷 72-78页

作者： z.l. Tian Y.Q. lai j. li Y.X. liu School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China

（Cu-Ni）/（10NiO-90NiFe204） cermet inert anodes containing metal Cu-Ni0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt pct were prepared and their corrosion resistance to Na3AlF6-Al2O3 melts was investigated. The results indicate that the content of metal Cu-Ni has little effect on the steady-state concentration of Ni in the electrolyte and the values could not be used to effectively differentiate their corrosion resistance. The steady-state concentration of Fe decreases from 304×10^-6 to 168×10^-6 and that of Cu increases from 21×10^-6 to 71×10^-6 with the content of metal Cu-Ni increasing from 0 to 20 wt pct. Post-examination shows that metallic phase Cu-Ni is corroded preferentially during electrolysis and many pores are left at the anode surface. Considering the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity, the cermet containing metal Cu-Ni 5 wt pct should be selected and studied further.

关键词： Aluminum electrolysis Inert anode NiFe2O4 based cermet Corrosion resistance

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Decolorization of Direct Black 22 by Aspergillus ficuum

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第4期13卷 472-475页

作者： Dong, X.-j. Du, z.-y. Chen, z. Dept. of Biology/Environmental Sci. Wenzhou Normal College Wenzhou 325003 China

The decolorization of Direct Black 22 by Aspergillus ficuum has been studied. It was found that Aspergillus ficuum could effectively decolorize Direct Black 22 especially when grown as pelleted mycelia. Results showed that the media containing Direct Black 22 at 50 mg/l could be decolorized by 98.05% of the initial color in 24 h. The optimum pH and temperature of decolorization are 4.0 and 33 °C respectively. Aeration was quite beneficial to decolorization. Medium composition and the concentration of Direct Black 22 could affect the rate of decolorization. The dye degraded products assayed by UV-visible spectrophotometer and macroscopic observation showed that the decolorization of Direct Black 22 by mycelial pellets includes two important processes: bioadsorption and biodegradation. The degradation experiment agree with the Michaelis-Menten kinetics equation.

关键词： Bioassay Biodegradation Color Concentration (process) Dyes pH Ultraviolet spectrophotometers

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Effects of welding parameters and post-heat treatment on mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA2195-T8 Al-li alloy

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 219-227页

作者： j. zhang X.S. Feng j.S. Gao H. Huang z.Q. Ma l.j. Guo Technical Center Shanghai Aerospace Equipments Manufacturer Shanghai 200245. China

In this study, the effects of main welding parameters （rotation speed （ω） and welding speed （υ）） on the microstructure, micro-hardness distribution and tensile properties of friction stir welded （FSW） 2195-T8 Al-li alloy were investigated. The effects of T6 post-treatments at different solution and aging conditions on the mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of the FSW j.ints were also investigated. The results show that with increasing to and v, both strength and elongation of the j.ints increase first, and then decrease with further increase of ω and υ. All the j.ints under varied welding parameters show significant strength loss, and the strength reaches only 65% of the base metal, The effect of T6 post-heat treatment on the mechanical properties of the j.ints depends on the solution and aging conditions. Two heat treatment processes （480 ℃×0.5 h quenching＋ 180 ℃× 12 h, 520 ℃× 0.5 h quenching＋ 180 ℃×12h aging） are found to increase the j.int strength. Furthermore, low temperature quenching （480℃） is more beneficial to the j.int strength. The j.int strength can reach 85% of the base metal. Whereas both low temperature aging （140 ℃× 56h） and stepped aging （ 100 ℃× 12 h ＋ 180 ℃× 3 h） processes decrease the j.int strength. After heat treatment all the j.ints show decreased ductility due to the obvious grain coarsening in the nugget zone （Nz） and thermo-mechanically affected zone （TMAz）.

关键词： 2195-T8 Al-li alloy Friction stir welding Welding parameters Post-heat treatment

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Surface Characterisation of Silicon Based MEMS

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 407-410页

作者： lI j. CUI z M. A. Baker The Surface Analysis laboratory School of Engineering University of SurreyRutherford Appleton LaboratoryThe Surface Analysis Laboratory School of Engineering University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH UKChilton Didcot UKGuildford GU2 7XH UK

Polysilicon Microelectromechanical systems(MEMS) are the subj.ct of intensive researches. Surface chemistry and topography of a MEMS test structure fabricated at Sandia National laboratory, USA, were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and atomic force microscopy(AFM). XPS C_ 1sand Si_ 2pspectra from the polysilicon components, silicon nitride substrate and a reference silicon wafer were compared. The results confirm the presence of a self-assembled monolayer(SAM) on the MEMS surface. An island-like morphology was found on both polysilicon and silicon nitride surfaces of the MEMS. The islands take the form of caps, being up to 0.5 μm in diameter and 20 nm in height. It is concluded that the co-existence of columnar growth and equiaxed growth during the low pressure chemical vapor deposition(lPCVD) of these layers leads to the observed morphology and the islands are caps to the columnar structures.

关键词： Microelectromechanical systems XPS Atomic force microscopy

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MODElING OF MICROSTRUCTURAl EVOlUTION IN MICROAllOYED STEEl DURING HOT FORGING PROCESS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2006年第4期19卷 279-286页

作者： j. Wang j. Chen z. zhao X.Y. Ruan National Die ＆. Mold CAD Engineering Research Center Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China

The microstractural evolution of microalloyed steel during hot forging process was investigated using physical simulation experiments. The dynamic recrystall.zed fraction was described by modifying Avrami＇s equation, the parameters of which were determined by single hit compression tests. Double hit compression tests were performed to model the equation describing the static recrystall.zed fraction, and the obtained predicted values were in good agreement with the measured values. Austenitic grain growth was modeled as： Dinc^5 = D0^5 ＋ 1.6 × 10^32t·exp （ -716870/RT ） using isothermal tests. Furthermore, an equation describing the dynamic recrystall.zed grain size was given as Ddyn=3771·z^-0.2. The models of microstructural evolution could be applied to the numerical simulation of hot forging.

关键词： microalloyed forging steel flow stress recrystall.zed fraction grain size

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SIMUlATION ON HEATING PROCESS IN UlTRASONIC WElDING OF PlASTICS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2000年第1期13卷 80-83页

作者： S. Q. Yang z. Dong j. C. Yan and j. B. j.( National Key laboratory of Advanced Welding Production Technology, HIT, Harbin 150001, China)

The energy conversion during ultrasonic plastic welding is anal.zed on the basis of the theory of vis- coelastic mechanics,.The temperature field and the temperature change of the ABS specimen with ener- gy director during ultrasonic welding is simulated with finite element method(FEM). In the simu- lation process,the melting of the energy energy is also considered. The calculation results are in good agreement with the temperature measurement results, which proves that the simulation results are reli- able.

关键词： ultrasonic plastic welding finite element method,temperature field

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A NOVEl METHOD FOR EVAlUATING PlANE STRESS DYNAMIC FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF 0Cr18Ni10Ti STAINlESS STEEl WElDED j.INTS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2008年第4期21卷 303-312页

作者： z.j. Xu Y.l. li School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi＇an 710072 China

A novel method was proposed for the evaluation of Mode I dynamic fracture toughness （DFT） under plane stress and small scale yielding conditions for welded j.ints of stainless steel （SS）, 0Cr18Ni10Ti. In a hybrid experimental-numerical approach, the experiments were carried out on the Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus, and three dimensional （3D） transient numerical simulations were performed by a finite element （FE） computer program. Macroscopical plastic deformation was observed at the loading and supporting points, on the specimens, after the test, which could cause a large error if omitted in the numerical simulation. Therefore, elustic-viscoplustic analysis was performed on the specimen by adopting the j.hnson-Cook （j.C） model to describe the rate-dependent plastic flow behavior of the material. The material heterogeneity in the mismatched welded j.ints, induced by the difference in the base metal （BM） and the weld metal （WM） in yield stress, has also been taken into consideration by using the j.C models separately. Good accordance was obtained between the experimental and the computational results by the present approach. The relationship between plane stress DFT and loading rate was also obtained on the order of 108 MPa.m^1/2.s^-1.

关键词： 0Cr18Ni10Ti Welded j.int High strain rate Dynamic fracture Plane stress

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Ab initio STUDIES ON MAGNETISM OF 3d TRANSITION METAl DIMERS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2007年第5期20卷 341-346页

作者： j.H. Gu z.l. zhu School of Physical Engineering and Material Physics laboratory Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China

Ab initio calculations with the self-consistent full-potential linearized augmented-plane-wave method （FlAPW）, under general.zed gradient approximation, have been carried out to describe the electronic and magnetic properties of 3d transition metal dimers. It predicted the antiferromagneticity of Cr2 and ferromagneticity of other species. The Mn2 dimer was shown to be ferromagnetic coupling with a local magnetic moment of 5μB. retaining the value of its free atom state. The V2 and Ni2 exhibited low spin-polarization with local magnetic moment of only 1μB per atom. On the other hand, Fe2 and Co2 were highly spin-polarized with local magnetic moments of 3 and 2μB.

关键词： magnetism 3d transition metal dimer ab initio calculation

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