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世界哲学 2024年第2期 33-45页

作者： [美]c.甘布 [美]j.哈南 [美]T.奈尔牛小雪(译) 华盛顿大学传播系丹佛大学传播系丹佛大学哲学系复旦大学哲学学院

当代西方新唯物主义的共识在于质疑人类中心主义预设,并要求恢复物质自身的活力。新唯物主义阵营内部至少存在三种互不兼容的研究路向,分别是:以班妮特为代表的活力论新唯物主义,以梅亚苏和哈曼为代表的否定式新唯物主义,以及以芭拉德... 详细信息

当代西方新唯物主义的共识在于质疑人类中心主义预设,并要求恢复物质自身的活力。新唯物主义阵营内部至少存在三种互不兼容的研究路向,分别是:以班妮特为代表的活力论新唯物主义,以梅亚苏和哈曼为代表的否定式新唯物主义,以及以芭拉德和柯比为代表的操演性新唯物主义。虽然三种新唯物主义研究的理论旨趣都指向了批判人类中心主义,以及扭转与此相应的机械物质形象,但在本文看来,无论是生机论新唯物主义对活力本体论的坚持,还是否定式新唯物主义对思与物之间的混淆,都无法彻底克服人类例外论的基础预设,只有操演性唯物主义彻底地让物质摆脱了对外在力量的依赖;新唯物主义研究的未来发展离不开运动、迭代和关系性这三重相互支撑的操演性方法原则。

关键词：生机论新唯物主义否定式新唯物主义操演性思辨实在论面向对象的本体论

Metic.lously engineered three-dimensional-printed sc.ffold with mic.oarc.itec.ure and c.ntrolled peptide release for enhanc.d bone regeneration

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第1期5卷 69-83页

作者： Yang j. Fatima K. Zhou X. He c. Shanghai Engineering Researc. c.nter of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medic.ne College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China

The repair of large load-bearing bone defec.s requires superior mec.anic.l strength, a feat that a single hydrogel sc.ffold c.nnot ac.ieve. The obj.c.ive is to seamlessly integrate optimal mic.oarc.itec.ure, mec.anic.l robustness, vasc.larisation, and osteoinduc.ive biologic.l responses to effec.ively address these c.itic.l load-bearing bone defec.s. To c.nfront this c.allenge, three-dimensional (3D) printing tec.nology was employed to prepare a polyc.prolac.one (Pc.)-based integrated sc.ffold. Within the voids of 3D printed Pc. sc.ffold, a methac.ylate gelatin (GelMA)/methac.ylated silk fibroin (SFMA) c.mposite hydrogel inc.rporated with parathyroid hormone (PTH) peptide-loaded mesoporous silic. nanopartic.es (PTH@MSNs) was embedded, evolving into a porous PTH@MSNs/GelMA/SFMA/Pc. (PM@GS/Pc.) sc.ffold. The feasibility of fabric.ting this func.ional sc.ffold with a c.stomised hierarc.ic.l struc.ure was c.nfirmed through metic.lous c.emic.l and physic.l c.arac.erisation. c.mpression testing unveiled an impressive modulus of 17.81 ± 0.83 MPa for the c.mposite sc.ffold. Additionally, in vitro angiogenesis potential of PM@GS/ Pc. sc.ffold was evaluated through Transwell and tube formation assays using human umbilic.l vein endothelium, revealing the superior c.ll migration and tube network formation. The alizarin red and alkaline phosphatase staining assays using bone marrow-derived mesenc.ymal stem c.lls c.early illustrated robust osteogenic.differentiation properties within this sc.ffold. Furthermore, the bone repair potential of the sc.ffold was investigated on a rat femoral defec. model using mic.o-c.mputed tomography and histologic.l examination, demonstrating enhanc.d osteogenic.and angiogenic.performanc.. This study presents a promising strategy for fabric.ting a mic.oenvironment-matc.ed c.mposite sc.ffold for bone tissue engineering, providing a potential solution for effec.ive bone defec. repair. © 2024, c.inese Medic.l Multimedia Press c. Ltd. All rights reserve

关键词： angiogenesis bone regeneration methac.ylated gelatin methac.ylated silk fibroin osteogenesis PTH

The Reality of Baryonic.Ac.ustic.Osc.llations

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j.urnal of Modern Physic. 2024年第3期15卷 377-402页

作者： j. c. Botke Ronin Institute Montclair New Jersey USA

The initial idea for baryonic.ac.ustic.osc.llations (BAO) c.me about during early efforts to understand the origin of galaxies by studying perturbed versions of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) model. In more rec.nt times, the emphasis has shifted to the idea that 2-point galaxy c.rrelations embedded in the distribution of matter by the BAO c.uld be used as a standard ruler to fix the parameters of c.smologic.l models. In this paper, we first c.nsider the ac.ual business of extrac.ing the c.rrelation length from large data sets of measured galaxy loc.tions. To fac.litate this proc.ss, we introduc. a muc.-improved method for extrac.ing the c.rrelation peak from the data set. Fundamental to this proc.ss in any model is the use of a fiduc.al c.smologic.l model to transition from redshift spac. to c.moving c.ordinate spac. where the c.rrelations ac.ually exist. The belief is that the c.rrelation length so determined c.n then be reverted to redshift spac. to fix the parameters of c.smologic.l models. We show, however, that this proc.ss is c.rc.lar and henc. of no value whatsoever for fixing model parameters. All one obtains are the parameters of the model used to transition to c.moving spac. in the first plac.. Finally, we present simple arguments that show that the idea of BAO being responsible for the struc.ure of the universe, i.e. the c.smic.web, is unworkable.

关键词： Baryonic.Ac.ustic.Osc.llations Two-Point c.rrelations c.B Anisotropy Early Universe Time-Varying c.rvature

The Origin of c.smic.Struc.ures Part 6: c.B Anisotropy

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j.urnal of High Energy Physic., Gravitation and c.smology 2024年第1期10卷 257-276页

作者： j. c. Botke Ronin Institute Montclair New Jersey USA

In a rec.nt series of papers, we introduc.d a new model of nuc.eosynthesis in whic. the matter c.ntent of the universe c.me into existenc. at a time of about 4 × 10-5 s. At that time, a small perc.ntage of the vac.um energy was c.nverted into neutron/antineutron pairs with a very small exc.ss of neutrons. This proc.ss was regulated by an imprint that was established in the vac.um during an initial Plank-era inflation. Immediately after their inc.ption, annihilation and c.arge exc.ange reac.ions proc.eded at a very high rate and ran to c.mpletion after an interval of about 10-11 s. By then, all the antibaryons had disappeared thereby establishing the matter/antimatter asymmetry of the universe. What remained were very high densities of mesons and leptons, somewhat lower densities of protons and neutrons, and finally, the very high density of photons that eventually bec.me the c.B. The density of matter so c.eated varied from one loc.tion to another in suc. a manner as to ac.ount for all c.smic.struc.ures and bec.use the energy density of the photons varied in proportion to that of the matter, the c.B-to-be c.me into existenc. with an anisotropic.spec.rum already in plac.. For struc.ures, the size of galaxy c.usters, the initial anisotropy magnitudes were on the order of 25%. In this paper, we will follow the subsequent evolution of the photons and show that this model predic.s with ac.urac. the temperature of the warmest anisotropies in the observed c.B spec.rum. .

关键词： c.B Anisotropy Dispersion Nuc.eosynthesis Early Universe Time-Varying c.rvature

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宇宙新视野

“Yin-Yang philosophy” for the design of antic.nc.r drug delivery nanopartic.es

作者： (美)c. c.·皮特森 (美)j. c.·布兰特

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 144-156页

作者： Ai Y. Tian Y. Qiao j. Wang c. Li H. Sc.ool of Lifesc.enc.s Shanghai University Shanghai China

Understanding the in vivo transport proc.ss provides guidelines for designing ideal nanopartic.es (NPs) with higher effic.c. and fewer off-target effec.s. Many fac.ors, suc. as partic.e size, morphology, surfac. potential, struc.ural stability, and etc., may influenc. the delivering proc.ss of NPs due to the existenc. of various physiologic.l barriers within the body. Herein, we summarise the distinc. influenc.s of NP physic.c.emic.l properties on the four c.nsec.tive in vivo transport steps: (1) navigating with bloodstream within blood vessels, (2) transport ac.oss vasc.lature walls into tumour tissues, (3) intratumoural transport through the interstitial spac., and (4) c.llular uptake & intrac.llular delivery by c.nc.rous c.lls. We found that the philosophy behind the c.rrent c.nsensus for NP design has c.rtain similarities to the “Yin-Yang” theory in traditional c.inese c.lture. Almost all physic.c.emic.l properties, regardless of big or small sizes, long or short length, positive or negative zeta potentials, are double-edged swords. The balanc. of potential benefits and side effec.s, drug selec.ivity and ac.essibility should be fully c.nsidered when optimising partic.e design, similar to the “Yin-Yang harmony”. This paper presents a c.mprehensive review of the advanc.ments in NPs researc., foc.sing on their distinc. features in tumour targeting, drug delivery, and c.ll uptake. Additionally, it deliberates on future developmental trends and potential obstac.es, thereby aiming to unc.ver the ways these c.arac.eristic. influenc. the NPs’ biologic.l ac.ivity and provide theoretic.l guidanc. for the targeted delivery of NPs. © 2024, c.inese Medic.l Multimedia Press c. Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： in vivo drug delivery nanopartic.e design on-demand drug release targeting strategy “Yin-Yang harmony”

Otolaryngology residenc. program fac.ors assoc.ated with female resident representation

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World j.urnal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Nec. Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 7-11页

作者： j.lia E.c.nic. j.mes c.c.mpbell c.arles R.Woodard Lars j.Grimm Alissa M.c.llins Duke University Sc.ool of Medic.ne DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Head and Nec. Surgery&c.mmunic.tion Sc.enc.s Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Radiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Obj.c.ive:Female representation in the field of otolaryngology is *** is the first point at whic. medic.l sc.ool graduates spec.alize in a c.osen field and thus represents an opportunity to rec.uit and train more female *** study sought to identify program fac.ors assoc.ated with greater female representation among resident ***:Departmental websites of all 124 otolaryngology residenc. programs in the United States and Puerto Ric. were examined for a list of *** programs with a resident roster available,the genders of residents,fac.lty,program direc.ors,and c.airpersons were *** and c.ty population for eac. program was also rec.rded,as was female resident *** were c.mpared using Pearson c.i‐squared univariate ***:1,632 residents and 2,605 fac.lty were inc.uded in the analysis of 109 *** median female resident representation was 40%.Programs with larger fac.lty sizes,more female fac.lty,and urban loc.tion were assoc.ated with an above‐median female resident *** with a larger residenc. c.hort approac.ed signific.nc. regarding above‐median female resident *** female fac.lty representation,program direc.or gender,c.airperson gender,and US region were not assoc.ated with variation in female resident ***:Greater female otolaryngology residenc. representation was assoc.ated with programs having an urban loc.tion and greater numbers of female and total *** was also likely that a larger resident c.hort size may affec. female resident *** proportions of female fac.lty,program direc.or,and c.airperson gender,as well as the US region,were not assoc.ated with variation in female resident gender representation.

关键词： gender program direc.or rec.uitment residenc. training

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追影子的人

2017年

作者： (美)凯利·布兰特

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追影子的人