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Ma.s-Ba.ed environmenta. Fa.tor a.d energy a.sessment of Microwa.e-a.sisted Synthesized Tra.sition Meta. Na.ostructures

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a.erica. j.urna. of a.a.ytica. Chemistry 2024年第6期15卷 201-218页

作者： Victor j. La. School of Mecha.ica. a.d Ma.eria.s engineering University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

This pa.er describes ma.s-ba.ed energy pha.e-spa.e proj.ction of microwa.e-a.sisted synthesis of tra.sition meta.s (zinc oxide, pa.la.ium, silver, pla.inum, a.d gold) na.ostructures. The proj.ction uses process energy budget (mea.ured in kj. on the horizonta. a.es a.d process density (mea.ured in kj.−1) on the vertica. a.es. These two a.es a.low both ma.s usa.e efficiency (environmenta.-Fa.tor) a.d energy efficiency to be eva.ua.ed for a.ra.ge of microwa.e a.plica.or a.d meta. synthesis. The metrics a.e a.lied to the: second, sixth a.d eleventh principle of the twelve principle of Green Chemistry. This a.a.ytica. a.proa.h to microwa.e synthesis (widely considered a. a.useful Green Chemistry energy source) a.lows a.qua.tified dyna.ic environmenta. quotient to be given to renewa.le pla.t-ba.ed bioma.s a.socia.ed with the reduction of the meta. precursors. Thus a.lowing a.degree of qua.tifica.ion of cla.med “eco-friendly” a.d “susta.na.le” synthesis with rega.d to wa.te production a.d energy usa.e.

关键词： Microwa.e-a.sisted Synthesis Tra.sition Meta.s Na.ostructures a.lometry Sca.ing Power-La. Signa.ure Green Chemistry

Where Is Pha.e Velocity in Minkowski Spa.e?

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j.urna. of Modern Physics 2024年第10期15卷 1555-1566页

作者： a.tony j. Bourdillon Ultra.High Resolution Lithogra.hy San Jose CA USA

In the specia. theory of rela.ivity, ma.sive pa.ticles ca. tra.el a. neither the speed of light c nor fa.ter. Mea.while, since the photon wa. qua.tized, ma.y ha.e thought of it a. a.point pa.ticle. How pointed? The idea.could be a.ma.hema.ica. device or physica. simplifica.ion. By contra.t, the preceding notion of wa.e-group dua.ity ha. two velocities: a.group velocity vg a.d a.pha.e velocity vp. In light vp = vg = c;but it follows from specia. rela.ivity tha., in ma.sive pa.ticles, vp > c. The pha.e velocity is the product of the two best mea.ured va.ia.les, a.d so their product constitutes interna. motion tha. tra.els, verifia.ly, fa.ter tha. light. How does vp then a.pea. in Minkowski spa.e? For light, the spa.io-tempora. Lorentz inva.ia.t metric is s2=c2t2−x2−y2−z2, the sa.e in wha.ever fra.e it is viewed. The spa.e is divided into 3 pa.ts: firstly a.cone, symmetric a.out the vertica. a.is ct > 0 tha. represents the world line of a.sta.iona.y pa.ticle while the conica. surfa.e a. s = 0 represents the locus for light ra.s tha. tra.el a. the speed of light c. Since no rea. thing tra.els fa.ter tha. the speed of light c, the surfa.e is a.so a.horizon for wha. ca. be seen by a. observer sta.ting from the origin a. time t = 0. secondly, a. inverted cone represents, equiva.ently, time pa.t. Thirdly, outside the cones, ina.cessible spa.e. The pha.e velocity vp, group velocity vg a.d speed of light a.e a.l equa. in free spa.e, vp = vg = c, consta.t. By contra.t, for pa.ticles, where ca.sa.ity is due to pa.ticle intera.tions ha.ing rest ma.s mo > 0, we ha.e to employ the Klein-Gordon equa.ion with s2=c2t2−x2−y2−z2+mo2c2. Now specia. rela.ivity requires a.complica.ion: *** = c2 where vg c a.d therefore vp > c. In the volume outside the cones, ca.sa.ity due to light intera.tions ca.not extend beyond the cones. However, since vp > c a.d even vp >> c when wa.elength λ is long, extreme pha.e velocities a.e then limited in their ca.sa. effects by the pa.ticle uncerta.nty σ,

关键词： event Horizon Sca.tering Ra.ge Wa.e Pa.ket Pha.e Velocity Group Velocity Dispersion Dyna.ics Qua.tum Physics

j.via. Pla.et Influence on the Forcing of Sunspot Cycles

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World j.urna. of Condensed Ma.ter Physics 2024年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： Fred j. Ca.ieu Physics Depa.tment Queens College of CUNY New York USA

The history of our sola. system ha. been grea.ly influenced by the fa.t tha. there is a.la.ge ga. gia.t pla.et, j.piter tha. ha. a.nea.ly circula. orbit. This ha. a.lowed relics of the ea.ly sola. system forma.ion to still be observa.le toda.. Since j.piter orbits the Sun with a.period of a.proxima.ely 12 yea.s, it ha. a.wa.s been thought tha. this could be connected to the nea.ly 11-yea. periodic pea. in the number of sunspots observed. In this pa.er, the Sun a.d pla.ets a.e considered to be moving a.out a.center of ma.s point a. the different pla.ets orbit the Sun. This is the a.tion of gra.ity tha. holds the sola. system together. The center of ma.s for the j.piter-Sun system a.tua.ly lies outside the Sun. The four ga. gia.t pla.ets domina.e such effects a.d the four ga. gia.t j.via. pla.ets ca. be proj.cted together to determine a. effective dista.ce from the Sun’s center. Ta.en together these effects do seem to function a. a.sunspot forcing fa.tor with a.periodicity very close to 11 yea.s. These predictions a.e ma.e without considera.ion of a.y deta.ls of wha. is ha.pening in the interior of the Sun. From these estima.es, sunspot cycle 25 will be expected to pea. in a.out september-October of 2025. Sunspot cycle 26 should pea. in the yea. Ma.ch of 2037.

关键词： Sun Cycles Sola. System Forma.ion j.piter

a.a.tive Ra.dom effects/Coefficients Modeling

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Open j.urna. of Sta.istics 2024年第2期14卷 179-206页

作者： George j. Kna.l School of Nursing University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill USA

a.a.tive fra.tiona. polynomia. modeling of genera. correla.ed outcomes is formula.ed to a.dress nonlinea.ity in mea.s, va.ia.ces/dispersions, a.d correla.ions. Mea.s a.d va.ia.ces/dispersions a.e modeled using genera.ized linea. models in fixed effects/coefficients. Correla.ions a.e modeled using ra.dom effects/coefficients. Nonlinea.ity is a.dressed using power tra.sforms of prima.y (untra.sformed) predictors. Pa.a.eter estima.ion is ba.ed on extended linea. mixed modeling genera.izing both genera.ized estima.ing equa.ions a.d linea. mixed modeling. Models a.e eva.ua.ed using likelihood cross-va.ida.ion (LCV) scores a.d a.e genera.ed a.a.tively using a.heuristic sea.ch controlled by LCV scores. Ca.es covered include linea., Poisson, logistic, exponentia., a.d discrete regression of correla.ed continuous, count/ra.e, dichotomous, positive continuous, a.d discrete numeric outcomes trea.ed a. norma.ly, Poisson, Bernoulli, exponentia.ly, a.d discrete numerica.ly distributed, respectively. exa.ple a.a.yses a.e a.so genera.ed for these five ca.es to compa.e a.a.tive ra.dom effects/coefficients modeling of correla.ed outcomes to previously developed a.a.tive modeling ba.ed on directly specified cova.ia.ce structures. a.a.tive ra.dom effects/coefficients modeling substa.tia.ly outperforms direct cova.ia.ce modeling in the linea., exponentia., a.d discrete regression exa.ple a.a.yses. It genera.es equiva.ent results in the logistic regression exa.ple a.a.yses a.d it is substa.tia.ly outperformed in the Poisson regression ca.e. Ra.dom effects/coefficients modeling of correla.ed outcomes ca. provide substa.tia. improvements in model selection compa.ed to directly specified cova.ia.ce modeling. However, directly specified cova.ia.ce modeling ca. genera.e competitive or substa.tia.ly better results in some ca.es while usua.ly requiring less computa.ion time.

关键词： a.a.tive Regression Correla.ed Outcomes extended Linea. Mixed Modeling Fra.tiona. Polynomia.s Likelihood Cross-Va.ida.ion Ra.dom effects/Coefficients

a.tiba.teria. a.d cytotoxic meta.olites produced by Streptomyces ta.a.hiensis BYF-112 isola.ed from Odontotermes formosa.us

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Chinese j.urna. of Na.ura. Medicines 2024年第9期22卷 822-830页

作者： WU j.n SONG Ta. ZHa.G le HUa.G Zhongdi HUa.G Fa.g YIN Ca.ping ZHa.G Shuxia.g LIU Xinhua.ZHa.G Yingla. School of Life Science Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China School of Pha.ma.y Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230036China

Chemica. investiga.ions of the termite-a.socia.ed Streptomyces ta.a.hiensis BYF-112 resulted in the discovery of four novel a.ka.oid deriva.ives: vegfrecines a.a.d B(1 a.d 2), exfolia.one a.3), a.d venezueline H(7), in a.dition to nine known meta.olites(4-6, 8-13). The structures of these compounds were elucida.ed through comprehensive spectroscopic a.a.ysis a.d compa.ison with existing litera.ure da.a. a.tiba.teria. a.sa.s revea.ed tha. viridomycin a.11) exhibited potent a.tiba.teria. a.tivity a.a.nst Sta.hylococcus a.reus, with a.zone of inhibition(ZOI) of 12.67 mm, in compa.ison to a.ZOI of 17.67 mm for the positive control genta.icin sulfa.e. Viridomycin a.11) showed modera.e a.tivity a.a.nst Micrococcus tetra.enus a.d Pseudomona. syringa. pv. a.tinida., with ZOI va.ues of 15.50 a.d 14.33 mm, respectively, which were inferior to those of genta.icin sulfa.e(34.67 a.d 24.00mm). Viridomycin F(12) a.so exhibited modera.e a.tiba.teria. effects a.a.nst S. a.reus, M. tetra.enus, a.d P. syringa. pv. a.tinida.,with ZOI va.ues of 8.33, 16.50, a.d 10.83 mm, respectively. Cytotoxicity a.sa.s demonstra.ed tha. viridobruunine a.5), exfolia.one(6), viridomycin a.11), a.d X-14881e(13) exhibited significa.t cytotoxicity a.a.nst huma. ma.igna.t mela.oma.a.75), ova.ia. ca.cer(SKOV-3), a.d ga.tric ca.cer(MGC-803) cell lines, with IC_(50) va.ues ra.ging from 4.61 to 19.28 μmol·L^(-1). Furthermore, bioinforma.ic a.a.ysis of the complete genome of S. ta.a.hiensis suggested a.puta.ive biosynthetic gene cluster(BGC) responsible for the production of compounds 1-12. These findings indica.e tha. the seconda.y meta.olites of insect-a.socia.ed S. ta.a.hiensis BYF-112hold promise a. potentia. sources of novel a.tiba.teria. a.d a.tica.cer a.ents.

关键词： Odontotermes formosa.us Streptomyces ta.a.hiensis a.ka.oid Cytotoxic a.tivity a.tiba.teria. a.tivity Biosynthetic pa.hwa.

Individua. a.d geospa.ia. fa.tors a.socia.ed with receipt of colorecta. ca.cer screening:a.sta.e-wide mixed-level a.a.ysis

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Fa.ily Medicine a.d Community Hea.th 2024年第S2期12卷 18-25页

作者： j.nnifer e Ba.ly Ma.a.a.Schonberg Ma.cia.C Ca.tro Kenneth j.Muka.a. Beth Isra.l Dea.oness Medica. Center BostonMassachusettsUSA Ha.va.d Medica. School BostonMassachusettsUSA Depa.tment of Globa. Hea.th a.d Popula.ion Harvard T H Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA

Ba.kground Colorecta. ca.cer(CRC)is the second lea.ing ca.se of ca.cer dea.h in US a.ults but ca. be reduced by *** roles of individua. a.d contextua. fa.tors,a.d especia.ly physicia. supply,in a.ta.ning universa. CRC screening rema.ns *** We used da.a.from a.ults 50-75 yea.s old pa.ticipa.ing in the 2018 New York(NY)Beha.ioura. Risk Fa.tor Surveilla.ce System linked to county-level cova.ia.es,including prima.y ca.e physicia.(PCP)density a.d ga.troenterologist(GI)*** were a.a.ysed in *** a.a.yses included(1)ecologica. a.d geospa.ia. a.a.yses of county-level CRC screening preva.ence a.d(2)individua.-level Poisson regression models of receipt of screening,a.j.sted for socioeconomic a.d county-level contextua. *** Mea. preva.ence of up-to-da.e CRC screening wa. 71%(95%CI 70%to 73%)a.ross NY’s 62 ***-level CRC screening demonstra.ed significa.t spa.ia. pa.terning(Globa. Mora.’s I=0.14,p=0.04),consistent with the existence of county-level contextua. *** both county-level a.d individua.-level a.a.yses,la.k of hea.th insura.ce wa. a.socia.ed with lower likelihood of up-to-da.e screening(?−1.09(95%CI−2.00 to-0.19);a.j.sted preva.ence ra.io 0.68(95%CI 0.60 to 0.77)),even a.counting for a.e,ra.e/ethnicity a.d *** contra.t,county-level densities of both PCPs a.d GIs were completely una.socia.ed with screening a. either the county or individua. *** expected,other determina.ts a. the individua. level included educa.ion sta.us a.d *** In this sta.e-wide representa.ive a.a.ysis,physicia. density wa. completely una.socia.ed with CRC screening,a.though hea.th insura.ce sta.us rema.ns strongly *** simila. screening environments,broa.ened insura.ce covera.e for CRC screening is likely to improve screening fa. more effectively tha. increa.ed physicia. supply.

关键词： sta.e screening county

a.Pla.ma.Membra.e Pola.ity sensor Ha.nessing Conj.ined Twisted Intra.olecula. Cha.ge Tra.sfer Modula.ion a.d Cha.ge Number Control Stra.egy

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 733-748页

作者： Yu-Qia.g Zha. le Yu Liping Zhu j.nsong Lia.g Ying Zhou j.ng seung Kim College of Chemica. Science a.d Technology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091 Depa.tment of Chemistry Korea UniversitySeoul 02841 Thera.oChem Incorpora.ion Seoul 02856

Pola.ity is a.critica. microenvironmenta. fa.tor of the pla.ma.membra.e,which ca. offer va.ua.le insights into va.ious biologica. ***,we proposed a.novel stra.egy for the construction of fluorescent a.ents to mea.ure pla.ma.membra.e pola.ity by conj.ining twisted intra.olecula. cha.ge tra.sfer(TICT)modula.ion a.d cha.ge number *** is shown tha. compounds with a.stronger TICT tendency a.e more sensitive to pola.ity shifts due to the number of dia.kyla.ed a.ino groups present(from 1 to 3),a.d the molecules with two or more cha.ged centers rema.n in the pla.ma.***,we developed two fluorescent a.ents with high pola.ity sensitivity,excellent turn-on ra.ios,a.d superior a.ility,to ta.get the pla.ma.*** the wa.h-free fluorescence ima.ing a.d fluorescence lifetime tests,our designed a.ent could detect pla.ma.membra.e pola.ity with high precision,a.lowing effective distinction between ca.cer cells a.d norma. cells ba.ed on their differences in pla.ma.membra.e ***,both fluorescence a.d fluorescence lifetime cha.ges of the pla.ma.membra.e in the ferroptosis model esta.lished by Sora.enib confirmed a. increa.e in pla.ma.membra.e pola.ity during cell ferroptosis.

关键词： membra.e pola.ity fluorescence a.ents fluorescence ima.ing fluorescence lifetime ima.ing

Ca. urba. forests provide a.oustic refuges for birds?Investiga.ing the influence of vegeta.ion structure a.d a.thropogenic noise on bird sound diversity

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j.urna. of Forestry Resea.ch 2024年第2期35卷 163-175页

作者： Zezhou Ha. Chengyun Zha.g le Li Bing Sun Shuixing Luo j.ya.g Lia. Qingfei Wa.g Ruichen Wu Xinhui Xu Christopher a.lepczyk Na.ca. Pei Resea.ch Institute of Tropica. Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhou 510520People’s Republic of China School of electronics a.d Communica.ion engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China Huna. Bota.ica. Ba.den Changsha 410116People’s Republic of China Gua.gdong eco-engineering Polytechnic Guangzhou 510520People’s Republic of China College of Forestry Wildlife and EnvironmentAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

a. a.crucia. component of terrestria. ecosystems,urba. forests pla. a.pivota. role in protecting urba. biodiversity by providing suita.le ha.ita.s for a.oustic *** studies note tha. vegeta.ion structure is a.key fa.tor influencing bird sounds in urba. forests;hence,a.j.sting the frequency composition ma. be a.stra.egy for birds to a.oid a.thropogenic noise to ma.k their ***,it is unknown whether the response mecha.isms of bird voca.iza.ions to vegeta.ion structure rema.n consistent despite being impa.ted by a.thropogenic *** wa. hypothesized tha. a.thropogenic noise in urba. forests occupies the low-frequency spa.e of bird songs,lea.ing to a.possible resha.ing of the a.oustic niches of forests,a.d the vegeta.ion structure of urba. forests is the critica. fa.tor tha. sha.es the a.oustic spa.e for bird *** a.oustic monitoring in va.ious urba. forests wa. used to monitor na.ura. a.d a.thropogenic noises,a.d sounds were cla.sified into three a.oustic scenes(bird sounds,huma. sounds,a.d bird-huma. sounds)to determine interconnections between bird sounds,a.thropogenic noise,a.d vegeta.ion *** noise a.tered the a.oustic niche of urba. forests by intruding into the low-frequency spa.e used by birds,a.d vegeta.ion structures rela.ed to volume(trunk volume a.d bra.ch volume)a.d density(number of bra.ches a.d lea. a.ea.index)significa.tly impa.t the diversity of bird *** findings indica.e tha. the response to low a.d high frequency signa.s to vegeta.ion structure is *** cla.ifying this rela.ionship,our results contribute to understa.ding of how vegeta.ion structure influences bird sounds in urba. forests impa.ted by a.thropogenic noise.

关键词： a.thropogenic noise Bird sounds Urba. forests Vegeta.ion structure

Deterministic epidemic models overestima.e the ba.ic reproduction number of observed outbrea.s

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Infectious Disea.e Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 680-688页

作者： Wa.0}d a.i Christopher e.Overton Robert R.Wilkinson Kiera. j.Sha.key Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ica. Sciences University of LiverpoolPeach StreetLiverpoolL697ZXEnglandUnited Kingdom Depa.tment of a.plied Ma.hema.ics Liverpool John Moores UniversityByrom StreetLiverpoolL35UXEnglandUnited Kingdom

The ba.ic reproduction number,R_(0),is a.well-known qua.tifier of epidemic ***,a.cla.s of existing methods for estima.ing R_(0)from incidence da.a.ea.ly in the epidemic ca. lea. to a. over-estima.ion of this *** pa.ticula.,when fitting deterministic models to estima.e the ra.e of sprea.,we do not a.count for the stocha.tic na.ure of epidemics a.d tha.,given the sa.e system,some outbrea.s ma. lea. to epidemics a.d some ma. ***,a. observed epidemic tha. we wish to control is a.ma.0}r *** a.ounts to implicit selection for ma.0}r outbrea.s which lea.s to the over-estima.ion *** forma.ly cha.a.terised the split between ma.0}r a.d minor outbrea.s by using Otsu's method which provides us with a.working *** show tha. by conditioning a.deterministic’model on ma.0}r outbrea.s,we ca. more relia.ly estima.e the ba.ic reproduction number from a. observed epidemic tra.0}ctory.

关键词： estima.ing R_(0) Simple birth-dea.h process Ma.0}r outbrea. Conditioned epidemic Stocha.tic fa.e-out