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Polyv.nyl Acetate and v.nyl Acetate-Ethylene Hybr.d Adhesiv.: Synthesis, Char.cter.zation, and Pr.per.ies

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Open j.ur.al of Polymer.Chemistr. 2024年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： ravindra v. Gadhav. Depar.ment of Polymer.and Sur.ace Engineer.ng Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

The goal is to dev.lop a hybr.d IPN networ. of polyv.nyl acetate (Pv.c) and ethylene-v.nyl acetate (v.E). In this r.sear.h wor., the v.nyl acetate (v.c)/ v.E hybr.d emulsion and polyv.nyl acetate emulsion (Pv.c) wer. effectiv.ly synthesized. Emulsions with v.r.ous char.cter.stics hav. been dev.loped by adj.sting the weight r.tios between the v.nyl acetate monomer.and the v.E component. The impacts on the mechanical, ther.al, and physical pr.per.ies of the films wer. inv.stigated using tests for.pencil har.ness, tensile shear.str.ngth, pH, contact angle measur.ment, differ.ntial scanning calor.metr. (DSC), and v.scosity. When 5.0 weight per.ent v.E was added, the tensile shear.str.ngth in dr. conditions decr.ased by 18.75% after.a 24-hour.bonding per.od, the heat r.sistance decr.ased by 26.29% (as per.WATT 91) and the tensile shear.str.ngth decr.ased by appr.ximately 36.52% in wet conditions (per.EN 204). The pr.stine sample’s r.sults wer. also confir.ed by the contact angle test. The inter.enetr.ting networ. (IPN) for.ation in hybr.d Pv.c emulsion as pr.mar. bonds does not dir.ctly attach to Pv.c and v.E chains. The addition of v.E r.duced the mechanical pr.per.ies (at dr. conditions) and heat r.sistance as per.WATT 91. Contact angle analysis demonstr.ted that Pv.c adhesiv.s containing v.E had incr.ased water.r.sistance when compar.d to conv.ntional Pv. stabilised Pv.c homopolymer.based adhesiv.s. When compar.d to v.r.in Pv.c Homo, the water.r.sistance of the Pv.c emulsion polymer.zation was enhanced by the addition of v.E.

关键词： Ethylene-v.nyl Acetate Disper.ion Polyv.nyl Acetate Hybr.d Wood Adhesiv.

Indoor.For.aldehyde r.mov.l Techniques thr.ugh Paints: r.v.ew

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Gr.en and Sustainable Chemistr. 2024年第1期14卷 1-15页

作者： Pr.j.ot Dhawale ravindra v. Gadhav. Depar.ment of Polymer.and Sur.ace Engineer.ng Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

Due to its ability to cause illnesses and discomfor. ev.n at low concentr.tions, for.aldehyde pollution of indoor.air.poses a significant r.sk to human health. Sour.es of for.aldehyde in indoor.env.r.nments include textiles, paints, wallpaper., glues, adhesiv.s, v.r.ishes, and lacquer.;fur.itur. and wooden pr.ducts like par.icleboar., plywood, and medium-density fiber.oar. that contain for.aldehyde-based r.sins;shoe pr.ducts;cosmetics;electr.nic dev.ces;and other.consumer.goods like paper.pr.ducts and insecticides. Accor.ing to the Wor.d Health Or.anisation, indoor.for.aldehyde concentr.tions shouldn’t exceed 0.1 mg/m3. The methods include membr.ne separ.tion, plasma, photocatalytic decomposition, physisor.tion, chemisor.tion, biological and botanical filtr.tion, and catalytic oxidation. Mater.als based on metal oxides and suppor.ed noble metals wor. as oxidation catalysts. Consequently, a paint that passiv.ly eliminates aldehydes fr.m buildings can be dev.loped by adding absor.ents and for.aldehyde scav.nger. to the latex composition. It will be cr.cial to dev.lop techniques for.the car.ful detection and r.mov.l of for.aldehyde in the futur.. Additionally, micr.bial decomposition is less expensiv. and pr.duces fewer.pollutants. The main goal of futur. r.sear.h will be to dev.lop a biological air.quality contr.l system that will boost the effectiv.ness of for.aldehyde elimination. The v.r.ous methods of r.mov.ng for.aldehyde thr.ugh paints hav. been r.v.ewed her., including the use of mixed metal oxides, for.aldehyde-absor.ing emulsions, nano titanium dioxide, catalytic oxidation, and ar.matic for.aldehyde abating mater.als that can impr.v. indoor.air.quality.

关键词： For.aldehyde Absor.tion Paints Catalytic Oxidation Nanofiller.

Polyur.thane Hybr.d-Based Wood Adhesiv.: r.v.ew

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Open j.ur.al of Polymer.Chemistr. 2024年第1期14卷 41-62页

作者： r.hul Khandagale Sainath Gadhav. ravindra v. Gadhav. Super.Bond Adhesiv.s Pr.v.te Limited Thane India

Based on commer.ially av.ilable polyv.nyl alcohol (Pv.) stabilised polyv.nyl acetate (Pv.c), emulsion adhesiv.s ar. neither.heat nor.moistur.-r.sistant and show weak str.ngth at high r.lativ. humidity and high temper.tur.s. Pr.- or.post-cr.sslinking is another.method used to manufactur. a conv.ntional v.nyl-based homopolymer. or.copolymer. system with impr.v.d water.r.sistance. v.nyl neodecanoate (v.ov.), N-methylolacr.lamide (NMA), Methacr.lamide, methacr.lic acid (MAA), and other.self-cr.sslinking comonomer. ar. typically inser.ed to pr.duce highly water.r.sistant v.nyl based homopolymer. or.copolymer.. Additionally, or.anic cr.sslinker. like glyoxal, glutar.ldehyde, citr.c acid, tar.ar.c acid, and the like, as well as inor.anic cr.sslinker. like acidic metal salts like aluminium chlor.de, aluminium nitr.te, bor.c acid, and the like, can be used to pr.par. the highly water.r.sistant v.nyl based homopolymer. or.copolymer.. It is also possible to combine the self-cr.sslinking comonomer. with the or.anic cr.sslinker.. r.cently, a differ.nt hybr.d chemistr. has been dev.loped that impr.v.s lap shear.str.ngth, has outstanding water.r.sistance, good dur.bility, and doesn’t r.quir. any additional cr.sslinker.agents. Two distinct polymer. wer. combined to dev.lop hybr.d polymer.. They usually inv.lv. mixing an or.anic polymer.with a polymer. Ther. ar. many capping agents that ar. used for.polyur.thanes to pr.duce acr.lics that ar. capped with polyur.thane and used as an oligomer.in Pv.c wood glue. Her., in this paper. we r.v.ewed the differ.nt hybr.d chemistr. based on polyur.thane chemistr. for.wood bonding applications.

关键词： v.nyl Acetate Hybr.d Polyur.thane Wood Adhesiv.

Labor.tor. ev.luation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and lar.0}l stages of cotton pink bollwor., Pectinophor. gossypiella (Saunder.) (Lepidopter.: Gelechiidae)

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j.ur.al of Cotton r.sear.h 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： BUSNOOr.Abhishek v. WADASKAr.r.M. FAND Babasaheb B. TAMBE v.j. PILLAI T. MAHULE D.j. NAGr.r. v.S. Pr.SAD Y.G. Entomology Section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agr.cultur.l r.sear.h-Centr.l Institute for.Cotton r.sear.h Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

Backgr.und The cr.ptic natur. of pink bollwor. Pectinophor. gossypiella(Saunder.)lar.0}e enables its r.duced v.l-ner.bility to insecticidal ***,the dev.lopment of r.sistance against Bacillus thur.ngiensis(Bt)toxins posed a ser.ous thr.at to tr.nsgenic cotton *** necessitated deter.ining the cr.tical timing of spr.y applications on the contr.l *** study assessed the influence of egg age(fr.shly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of lar.0}e(dir.ctly exposed to the insecticide r.sidues on the boll r.nd *** inside the bolls)on insecticide contr.l *** The r.sults r.v.aled a significant decr.ase in the ov.cidal activ.ty of tested insecticides with an incr.ase in the age of eggs fr.m one day old to thr.e days old(pair.d t-test,Pr.0}e dir.ctly exposed to the insec-ticide r.sidues on the boll r.nd wer. mor. susceptible(>80%mor.ality)than the lar.0}e exposed after.they had bur.r.wed inside the bolls(r.ality).The inhibitor. effects of tested insecticides on dev.lopmental biology wer. mor. pr.nounced in the exper.ment on pr.-lar.0}l r.lease insecticide tr.atment compar.d with insecticide tr.atment giv.n post-lar.0}l r.lease and entr. inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the lar.0}l location,dir.ctly exposed v. bur.r.wed inside the *** eggs and the lar.0}e that had bur.owed inside the gr.en bolls of cotton wer. r.lativ.ly less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and lar.0}l stages wer. pr.mar.ily *** findings ar. significant for.dev.sing a compr.hensiv. str.tegy for.pink bollwor. management on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollwor. Pectinophor. gossypiella Timings of spr.y

Stand dynamics of old-gr.wth hemlock for.sts in centr.l Bhutan ar. shaped by natur.l distur.ances

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For.st Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 434-447页

作者： Kar.a Tenzin Cr.ig r.Nitschke Kathr.n j.Allen r.phael Tr.uv. Thiet v.Nguyen Patr.ck j.Baker School of Agr.cultur. Foodand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of Melbourne500 Yarra BlvdRichmondVictoriaAustralia School of Geogr.phy Planningand Spatial SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTasmaniaAustralia For.st Science Institute of South v.etnam 1 Pham Van Hai StreetTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam

Under.tanding how past distur.ances hav. influenced the dev.lopment of for.sts is cr.tical for.decipher.ng their.cur.ent str.ctur. and composition and for.casting futur. *** this study,dendr.chr.nological methods wer. applied to uncov.r.the distur.ance histor. of old-gr.wth hemlock-dominated for.sts in centr.l *** of tr.e-r.ng samples fr.m two old-gr.wth hemlock stands,located in two differ.nt topogr.phic settings,identified the impor.ance of gap-phase dynamics in facilitating r.cr.itment and gr.wth r.leases and pr.ducing complex,multi-aged str.ctur. s ov.r.*** site showed ev.dence of a near.stand-r.placing distur.ance in the late 1700s,while the other.showed no ev.de nce of high-sev.r.ty distur.ance at any time ov.r.the last 400 *** both sites low-to medium-sev.r.ty distur.ances,some of which appear.to be associated with cyclones or.ginating in the Bay of Bengal,dominated the distur.ance *** hemlock stands exhibited a significant positiv. association between cyclone occur.ence and gr.wth r.lease ev.nts and between r.cr.itment pulses and gr.wth r.lease *** 1800 to 1970 ther. was an incr.ase in r.cr.itment of angiosper. tr.e species at most sites and a cor.esponding decline in conifer.*** the past 50 year. ther. has been little new r.cr.itment;this may be due to light limitation in the under.tor. fr.m shade-toler.nt angiosper.s and bamboo in the lower.str.ta of these *** v.r.ations in distur.ance dynamics and r.cr.itment wer. obser.0}d acr.ss the study sites,suggesting that other.factor.,such as topogr.phy and climate,may be influencing long-ter. stand dev.lopment *** study highlights the complex inter.lay between histor.cal distur.ance r.gimes and tr.e r.cr.itment in shaping the age and size str.ctur.s of old-gr.wth hemlock for.sts in centr.l *** also pr.v.des new insights into the dynamics of these for.sts that can be used to suppor. effectiv. for.st conser.0}tion and management i

关键词： For.st str.ctur. Hemlock for.st Himalaya Natur.l distur.ance

Blood Pr.ssur. Pr.file and Glycemic Contr.l of Type 2 Diabetics and Hyper.ensiv.s at the Yalgado Ouedr.ogo Univ.r.ity Hospital: A r.v.ew of 116 Cases

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Wor.d j.ur.al of Car.iov.scular.Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 61-76页

作者： G. r. C. Millogo A. Thiam Y. Kambir. E. Nongkouni S. E. Dabir. L. j. Kagambéga j. K. Kologo v. N. Yaméogo P. Zabsonr. Depar.ment of Car.iology Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Depar.ment of Car.iology Tengandogo University Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Obj.ctiv.: The association hyper.ension and diabetes is impor.ant. The two pathologies may influence each other. The aim was to study the cor.elation between glycemic contr.l and blood pr.ssur. contr.l and to deter.ine the factor. associated with blood pr.ssur. contr.l. Methodology: This was a descr.ptiv. cr.ss-sectional study with an analytical focus ov.r.7 months. Patients wer. r.cr.ited as outpatients and all under.ent ambulator. blood pr.ssur. measur., glycated hemoglobin and cr.atinine measur.ments, and assessment of compliance with tr.atment. r.sults: Dur.ng this per.od 116 patients wer. collected. The pr.dominance was female 69%. The mean age of the patients was 62 ± 7 year. with a peak between 60 and 70 year.. The av.r.ge age of hyper.ension was 12 year. and that of diabetes 6 1/2 year.. The most fr.quently associated car.iov.scular.r.sk factor.was a sedentar. lifestyle (71.5%) after.age. 57.8% of patients wer. not contr.lled at the office, with a pr.dominance of systolic hyper.ension (58.2%). 61.6% of patients wer. contr.lled by ambulator. blood pr.ssur. measur., a r.te of 47.8% of white coat hyper.ension. Glycemic contr.l was obser.1}d in 42.2% of cases and 87% of patients had good r.nal function (glomer.lar.filter.r.te ≥ 60 ml/mn). Ther.peutic compliance was good in 53.4% of cases and dual ther.py was the most used ther.peutic modality 44.8% (52 patients) followed by tr.ple ther.py. The factor. associated with poor.blood pr.ssur. contr.l wer. glycemic imbalance, non-compliance and monother.py. Dual ther.py had a pr.tectiv. effect. Conclusion: The association of hyper.ension and type 2 diabetes is fr.quent. The r.sk of occur.ence incr.ases with age. Ambulator. blood pr.ssur. measur. is the best method to assess blood pr.ssur. contr.l. Optimization of blood pr.ssur. contr.l should also include optimization of glycemic contr.l.

关键词： Blood Pr.ssur. Contr.l Glycemic Contr.l Hyper.ensiv. and Diabetic Patients

Efficient Communication in Wir.less Sensor.Networ.s Using Optimized Ener.y Efficient Engr.ov. Leach Cluster.ng Pr.tocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： N.Meenakshi Sultan Ahmad A.v.Pr.bu j.Nageswar. r.o Nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdelj.ber.r.Sekar.j.been Nazeer Sr. Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Depar.ment of Computer.Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia Univ.r.ity Center.for.r.sear.h and Dev.lopment(UCr.) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Depar.ment of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Depar.ment of Computer.Science and Engineer.ng Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Depar.ment of Computer.Engineer.ng College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Depar.ment of Computer.Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Depar.ment of Electr.nics and Communication Engineer.ng(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wir.less Sensor.Networ.(WSN)is a networ. that is constr.cted in r.gions that ar. inaccessible to human *** widespr.ad deployment of wir.less micr. sensor. will make it possible to conduct accur.te env.r.nmental monitor.ng for.a use in both civ.l and militar. *** make use of these data to monitor.and keep tr.ck of the physical data of the sur.ounding env.r.nment in or.er.to ensur. the sustainability of the *** data hav. to be picked up by the sensor.and then sent to the sink node wher. they may be *** nodes of the WSNs ar. power.d by batter.es,ther.for. they ev.ntually r.n out of *** ener.y r.str.ction has an effect on the networ. life span and env.r.nmental *** obj.ctiv. of this study is to fur.her.impr.v. the Engr.ov. Leach(EL)pr.tocol’s ener.y efficiency so that the networ. can oper.te for.a v.r. long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSNs is being extended often using cluster.ng and r.uting *** Meta Inspir.d Hawks Fr.gment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passiv. cluster.ng,is used in this study to do *** cluster.head is chosen based on the nodes’r.sidual ener.y,distance to neighbor.,distance to base station,node degr.e,and node *** on distance,r.sidual ener.y,and node degr.e,an algor.thm known as Heur.stic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster.head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number.of nodes that ar. activ.,their.ener.y consumption,and the number.of data packets that the BS *** ov.r.ll exper.mentation is car.ied out under.the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discov.r.d that the suggested appr.ach yields noticeably super.or.outcomes in ter.s of thr.ughput,packet deliv.r. and dr.p r.tio,and av.r.ge ener.y consumption.

关键词： wir.less sensor.networ.s ener.y efficient engr.ov. leach pr.tocol meta inspir.d Hawks fr.gment optimization heur.stic wing antfly optimization

Compar.son of methods for.der.v.ng phenotypes fr.m incomplete obser.0}tion data with an application to age at puber.y in dair. cattle

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j.ur.al of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 535-545页

作者： Melissa A.Stephen Chr.s r.Bur.e j.nnie E.Pr.ce Nicole M.Steele Peter.r.Amer.Susanne Meier.Clair. v.C.Phyn Dor.an j.Gar.ick Dair.NZ Ltd 605 Ruakura RoadHamilton 3240New Zealand AL r.e Centr. for.Genetics and Br.eding-Massey Univ.r.ity RuakuraHamilton 3214New Zealand Agr.cultur. v.ctor.a r.sear.h AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoria 3083Australia School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria 3083Australia AbacusBio DunedinNew Zealand

Backgr.und Many phenotypes in animal br.eding ar. der.v.d fr.m incomplete measur.s,especially if they ar. challenging or.expensiv. to measur. *** include time-dependent tr.its such as r.pr.ductiv. status,or.*** measur.s for.these tr.its r.sult in phenotypes that ar. subj.ct to left-,inter.0}l-and r.ghtcensor.ng,wher. phenotypes ar. only known to fall below an upper.bound,between a lower.and upper.bound,or.abov. a lower.bound *** we compar. thr.e methods for.der.v.ng phenotypes fr.m incomplete data using age at fir.t elev.tion(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma pr.gester.ne(AGEP4),which gener.lly coincides with onset of puber.y,as an example *** We pr.duced AGEP4 phenotypes fr.m thr.e blood samples collected at about 30-day inter.0}ls fr.m appr.ximately 5,000 Holstein–Fr.esian or.Holstein–Fr.esian×j.r.ey cr.ss-br.d dair. heifer. managed in 54 seasonal-calv.ng,pastur.-based her.s in New *** used these actual data to simulate 7 differ.nt v.sit scenar.os,incr.asing the extent of censor.ng by disr.gar.ing data fr.m one or.two of the thr.e *** methods for.der.v.ng phenotypes fr.m these data wer. explor.d:1)or.inal categor.cal v.r.ables which wer. analysed using categor.cal thr.shold analysis;2)continuous v.r.ables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to r.ght-censor.d phenotypes;and 3)continuous v.r.ables,sampled fr.m within a lower.and upper.bound using a data augmentation *** Cr.dibility inter.0}ls for.her.tability estimations ov.r.apped acr.ss all methods and v.sit scenar.os,but estimated her.tabilities tended to be higher.when left censor.ng was *** sir.s with at least 5 daughter.,the cor.elations between estimated br.eding v.lues(EBv.)fr.m our.thr.e-v.sit scenar.o and each r.duced data scenar.o v.r.ed by method,r.nging fr.m 0.65 to *** estimated br.ed effects also v.r.ed by method,but br.ed differ.nces wer. smaller.as phenotype censor.ng *** Our.r.sults indicate that using

关键词： Cattle Gibbs sampler Mar.ov.chain Monte Car.o(MCMC) Puber.y

Ther.oluminescence char.cter.zation of natur.l and synthetic ir.adiated Ce-monazites

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j.ur.al of r.r. Ear.hs 2024年第4期42卷 643-650页

作者： v.Cor.echer.C.Bor.nat j.Gar.ia-Guinea j.F.Benav.nte T.r.v.r.-Montalv. CIEMAT Av.Complutense 4028040MadridSpain MNCN-CSIC J.Gutierrez Abascal 228006MadridSpain Instituto Politécnico Nacional CICATA-IPNAv.Legaria 694Mexico City11500Mexico

The ther.oluminescence(TL)emission of synthetic and natur.l Ce-monazites was char.cter.zed her. to deter.ine the potential application in the identification of micr.scopic defects fr.m a qualitativ. point of v.ew tr.ing to link each TL peak to a chemical-physical *** kinetic par.meter. that lead the luminescence pr.cesses wer. calculated by means of v.r.able heating r.te and computing glow cur.0} deconv.lution methods and allow identifying thr.e gr.ups of components at~90,130 and 290℃(for.the miner.l sample)and~90,170,220,270 and 320℃(for.the synthetic CePO_(4):Nd_(0.20),La_(0.25)).The main differ.nces appr.ciated in these complex TL cur.0}s ar. mainly due to(i)the content of impur.ties(natur.l sample contains lanthanides as well as U 0.60%and Th 5.22%)and(ii)the degr.e of cr.stallinity of the samples which is dir.ctly r.lated to the type of impur.ties(synthetic monazite r.lies only on Nd and La).The behav.or.of the dose r.sponse in the r.nge of 1-8 Gy is similar.for.both samples;the TL intensity incr.ases linear.y as the dose incr.ases without changes in the position of the maxima,denoting fir.t-or.er.kinetic luminescence *** peak could be mostly associated with str.ctur.l defects(i.e.,phase tr.nsitions),chemical r.actions(i.e.,Ce3+?Ce4+r.dox r.action,dehydr.tion or.dehydr.xylation pr.cesses)or.intr.nsic defects(i.e.,Fr.nkel defects,ODCs or.NBOHCs).

关键词： Ther.oluminescence Kineticpar.meter. Phosphate Ce-monazite Defects r.r. ear.hs