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A nov.l diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth v.Fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt Dav.d Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark j.Blacket Department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture v.ctoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Serv.ces Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conserv.tion Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;howev.r,some characters exhibit intraspecific v.riability,creating ov.rlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adj.cent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then dev.loped a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer univ.rsal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adj.cent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adj.cent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surv.illance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

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Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activ.ties:Energy costs of human activ.ties in adults aged 60 and older

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Willis Stephen D.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago v.Barreira j.hn M.Schuna j.. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wendy j.Brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prev.ntion University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Div.sion of Physical Activ.ty and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science Div.sion Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Mov.ment and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the dev.lopment of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activ.ties in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activ.ties(PAs)and their metabolic equiv.lent of task(MET)v.lues were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORTDiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a rev.ew of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older *** v.lues were computed as the oxygen cost(v._(2),mL/kg/min)during PA div.ded by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older ***:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we deriv.d 99 unique Specific Activ.ty codes with corresponding MET_(60+)v.lues for older *** dev.loped a website to present the OA Compendium MET_(60+)v.lues:https://***:The OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MET_(60+)v.lues for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MET Older adults

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Supramolecular Polymerization of Hydrogen-Bonded Trimers in Bulk and Aqueous Medium

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1458-1465页

作者： Freek v.de Graaf Stef A.H.j.nsen Sandra M.C.Schoenmakers Bas v.n Genabeek Marle E.j.v.eugels Bart W.L.v.n den Bersselaar E.W.Meij.r Ghislaine v.ntomme Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven School of Chemistry and RNA Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052

Synthetic molecules that form functional noncov.lent assemblies in water hav. receiv.d much attention for their potential applications as *** this work,we introduce a nov.l water-compatible monomer based on the phthalhydrazide moiety that assembles into hydrogen-bonded trimeric *** bulk,the material exhibits a cylindrical nanostructure in the liquid-crystalline phase at elev.ted temperatures,morphologically distinct from the crystalline lamellar *** water,these molecules effectiv.ly form cylinders in a one-dimensional fashion,yielding fibrous *** formation of these supramolecular polymers follows a cooperativ. mechanism,as ev.denced by denaturation *** trimerized pattern represents a new category of aqueous su pramolecular polymers with future prospects for functional complex molecular systems.

关键词： noncov.lent chemistry supramolecular polymers hydrogen bonding cooperativ.ty nanostructure

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Metabolic syndrome and the urinary microbiome of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Asian j.urnal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 316-323页

作者： Ryan A.Dornbier Chirag P.Doshi Shalin C.Desai Petar Baj.c Michelle v.n Kuiken Mark Khemmani Ahmer v.Farooq Larissa Bresler Thomas M.T.Turk Alan j.Wolfe Kristin G.Baldea Loyola Univ.rsity Medical Center Department of UrologyMaywoodILUSA Loyola Univ.rsity Chicago Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyMaywoodILUSA

Obj.ctiv.:To identify possible stone-promoting microbes,we compared the profiles of microbes grown from stones of patients with and without metabolic syndrome(MetS).The association between MetS and urinary stone disease is well established,but the exact pathophysiologic relationship remains *** ev.dence suggests urinary tract dysbiosis may lead to increased nephrolithiasis ***:At the time of percutaneous nephrolithotomy,bladder urine and stone fragments were collected from patients with and without *** sample types were subj.cted to expanded quantitativ. urine culture(EQUC)and 16 S ribosomal RNA gene ***:Fifty-sev.n patients included 12 controls(21.1%)and 45 MetS patients(78.9%).Both cohorts were similar with respect to demographics and non-MetS *** controls had uric acid stone *** EQUC,bacteria were detected more frequently in MetS stones(42.2%)compared to controls(8.3%)(p=0.041).Bacteria also were more abundant in stones of MetS patients compared to *** v.lidate our EQUC results,we performed 16 S ribosomal RNA gene *** 12/16(75.0%)sequence-positiv. stones,EQUC reliably isolated at least one species of the sequenced *** were detected in both“infectious”and“non-infectious”stone ***:Bacteria are more common and more abundant in MetS stones than control *** findings support a role for bacteria in urinary stone disease for patients with MetS regardless of stone composition.

关键词： Nephrolithiasis Urolithiasis Metabolic syndrome Urinary microbiome Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Considerations for exerkine research focusing on the response to exercise training

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 130-132页

作者： Ian A.j.Darragh Brendan Egan School of Health and Human Performance Dublin City UniversityGlasnevinDublin D09 V209Ireland Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition PensacolaFL 32502USA

García-Hermoso and colleagues1 recently published a systematic literature rev.ew and meta-analysis on exercise training-induced changes in exerkine concentrations in type 2diabetes mellitus patients,prov.ding a contemporary v.ew on how exerkines respond to exercise *** rev.ew prompted us to highlight 2 additional considerations that should be taken into account when studying the response of exerkines to exercise ***,whether exerkines can exhibit discordant responses to acute exercise compared to exercise training,and secondly,the need to consider the residual effects of the most recent exercise bout.

关键词： acute exercise prompt

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Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to promote the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： Francisco j.Escaray Amelia Felipo-Benav.nt Cristian j.Antonelli Begona Balaguer Maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo v.ra Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species,including high-v.lue *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceiv. host signals in its *** this study,we found that laticifer cells of Euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by *** to cause ***,poor-in-latex(pil)mutants,which lack laticifer cells,show full resistance to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex mutants,which produce more laticifer cells,are *** S factors are triterpenoid saponins,which are widely distributed natural products of v.st structural *** downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes,which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,conferred disease resistance to ***,the Medicago truncatula Iha-1 mutant,compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanced ***,the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in ***,leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy,culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions,the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in *** together,these results prov.de an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote *** pathogenicity.

关键词： Euphorbia lathyris laticifer cell latex appressorium infection cushion necrotrophic fungi

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Superior comprehensiv. properties of LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/Ce_(60)Co_(40) magnetocaloric composites

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1073-1086,I0003页

作者： Xichun Zhong Yuanxin Li Yucai Wu j.aohong Huang Cuilan Liu j.an Liu Zhongwu Liu Minglong Zhong Zhenchen Zhong R.v.Ramanuj.n School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths Baotou014030China Center for Adv.nced Solidification Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China j.angxi KeyLaboratory for Rare Earth Magnetic Materials and Dev.ces&Institute for Rare Earth Magnetic Materials and Dev.ces(IREMMD) Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou341000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Singapore-HUj.Alliance for Research and Enterprise(SHARE) The Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics(SGSR)ProgrammeCampus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE)138602Singapor

LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/10 wt%Ce_(60)Co_(40) composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering and subsequent diffusion annealing.A nov.l core-shell structure is observ.d with the LaFe11.8Si1.2 particles as the core and the(La,Ce)_(2)(Fe,Co,Si)_(17)(2:17)phase as the *** diffusion annealing time(t_(a))increases,this core-shell structure is replaced by the formation of the(La,Ce)_(1)(Fe,Co,Si)_(13) *** at 1323 K for 12 h results in samples with(-ΔSM)^(max) of 9.30 j.(kg·K)(Δμ0H=2 T),good mechanical properties((σbc)^(max)=402 MPa,ε=4.21%)and thermal conductiv.ty of 8.7 W/(m·K).Thus,bulk composites with excellent comprehensiv. properties for magnetic refrigeration are obtained in this work.

关键词： LaFe_(11.8)Si_(1.2)/Ce_(60)Co_(40)composites Spark plasma sintering Diffusion annealing Microstructure ev.lution Magnetocaloric effect Rareearths

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Interaction of photons with silv.r and indium nuclei at energies up to 20 Mev

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 135-140页

作者： j.H.Khushv.ktov.M.A.Demichev.D.L.Demin S.A.Ev.eev.M.I.Gostkin v.v.Kobets F.A.Rasu-lov. S.v.Rozov.E.T.Ruziev.A.A.Solnyshkin T.N.Tran E.A.Yakushev.B.S.Yuldashev j.int Institute for Nuclear Research(j.NR) DubnaRussia Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan(INP ASRU) TashkentUzbekistan Institute of Physics of the v.etnam Academy of Science and Technology(IP v.ST) HanoiVietnam

The yields of photonuclear reactions in the 107Ag,113In,and 115In nuclei were *** Carlo simulations were performed using the Geant4 code,and the results were compared with the experimental *** isomeric ratios of the yields in the reactions 107Ag(γ,n)106m,gAg and 113In(γ,m)112m,gIn were determined,and the cross sections for the reactions 107Ag(γ,n)106gAg and 107Ag(γ,2n)105Ag at an energy of 20 Mev.were calculated based on the experimental data.

关键词： 107Ag(γ,n)10mgAg and I13In(γ,n)12m-2In reactions cross section yield isomeric ratio simula-tion Geant4 TALYS

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Organic petrographic and mineralogical composition of the No. 6 coal seam of the Soutpansberg Coalfield, South Africa: Insights into paleov.getation and depositional env.ronment

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International j.urnal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 190-207页

作者： Sanki Biswas Nicola j.Wagner Ofentse M.Moroeng DSI-NRF CIMERA/PPM Research Group Department of GeologyUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa

This study inv.stigates the paleodepositional conditions of the No.6 Seam of the Madzaringwe Formation in Makhado and v.orburg south area of the Soutpansberg Coalfield(Limpopo Prov.nce,South Africa)utilizing organic petrography and inorganic geochemical *** coals are predominantly high-v.latile bituminous B-A rank with high ash yields(av..36.1 wt%),characterized by high-v.trinite(~41.5 v.l%),moderate-to-high inertinite(9.8 v.l%–33.7 v.l%)and low liptinite(~2.3 v.l%).The distribution of inertinite v.ries among different coal horizons(from bottom-lower to middle-upper),suggesting differential oxidation conditions and/or paleofire ***-to-inertinite(v.I)ratio,tissue preserv.tion–gelification index(TPI–GI),and groundwater–v.getation index(GWI–v.)plots,indicate that the peat-forming forest-swamp v.getation accumulated under mesotrophic-to-rheotrophic hydrological *** presence of structured macerals(i.e.,telinite,collotelinite,fusinite,and semifusinite)suggests well-preserv.d plant tissues,whereas framboidal pyrite and sulphur content(0.24 wt%–2.16 wt%)point to brackish-water influence at the peat *** coals contain quartz,kaolinite,siderite,muscov.te,dolomite,calcite,and pyrite minerals,most of which were likely sourced from felsic igneous *** Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)and(Fe+Mn)/Ti ratios for the studied samples range between 0.24–0.97 and 0.57–70.10,*** ratios,Al–Fe–Mn plot,and presence of massiv. botryoidal-type pyrite imply some influence of meteoric waters or fluids from hydrothermal activ.ty ***,the chemical index of alteration(CIA:98.25–99.67),chemical index of weathering(CIW:92.04–97.66),and A–CN–K ternary diagram suggest inorganic matter suffered strong chemical weathering,indicating warm paleoclimatic conditions during the coal formation.

关键词： Macerals Coal facies Geochemical-indices Hydrothermal Madzaringwe formation Soutpansberg Coalfield

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Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larv.e(Hermetia illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meij.r Lisa Zoet Theo de Rij. Paul Zomer Deborah Rj.ers H.j.v.n der Fels-Klerx j.op j.A.v.n Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.v. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larv.e(Hermetia illucens)receiv. growing interest as a potential alternativ. animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to inv.stigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relativ. potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relativ. toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negativ. additiv. and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larv.l biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was ov.rall low(v.ry low limits in insect biomass(~0.01 mg/kg),high transfer may result in *** is recommended that rearing companies implement lower contractual thresholds,and that policymakers consider adj.sting legally allowed maximum residue lev.ls in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

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