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Changing the Proportions of Grass and Grain in Feed Substrate Impacts the Efficacy of <i>Asparagopsis taxiformis</i>to Inhibit Methane Production <i>in Vitro</i>

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1835-1858页

作者： R. D. Kinley S. Tan j. turnbull S. Askew B. M. Roque FutureFeed Pty Ltd. Townsville Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food Townsville Australia College of Public Health Medical and Veterinary Sciences James Cook University (JCU) Douglas Campus Townsville Australia Advanced Analytical Centre (AAC) James Cook University (JCU) Douglas Campus Townsville Australia University of California Davis Davis USA

Benefits of the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis as an ingredient to manage methane (CH4) emissions from the red meat and dairy industries continue to evolve. Asparagopsis has been demonstrated to eliminate enteric CH4 emissions in vitro and reduce it greater than 80% in animals. Variability in animal studies is suspected to be associated with variable inclusion and proportions of grass and grain in the diet. This in vitro study aimed to elucidate effects of gradient grass to grain proportions in the fermentation using five steps from 100% Rhodes grass (RG) to 100% barley grain (BG). Gradient inclusion of Asparagopsis was in six steps of Control with no inclusion (C), Low (L), Low-Medium (LM), Medium (M), Medium-High (MH), and High (H) levels tested in three fermentation durations (24 h, 48 h, 72 h). There was significant effect of RG/BG and inclusion of Asparagopsis such that CH4 production decreased with increasing Asparagopsis independent of RG/BG;however, there was enhanced reduction at greater proportions of BG. Thus, the level of Asparagopsis required to completely inhibit CH4 production in vitro was decreased with decreasing RG/BG. Increasing the duration of fermentation had greatest effect on CH4 at C, L, and LM levels of Asparagopsis independent of RG/BG, although magnitude of CH4 production was greater for higher proportions of BG for the C and L levels. Digestibility of in vitro substrate increased with fermentation duration and increasing BG;however, there was no change associated with inclusion levels of Asparagopsis. Increases in total volatile fatty acids (tVFA) were observed with increased fermentation duration and concomitant with increasing substrate digestion. Increasing proportions of BG induced increase in tVFA. In contrast, and independent of changes in substr

关键词： Asparagopsis taxiformis Enteric Methane Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Feed Substrate Rhodes Grass Barley Grain In Vitro

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Changing the Proportions of Grass and Grain in Feed Substrate Impacts the Efficacy of Asparagopsis taxiformis to Inhibit Methane Production in Vitro

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences（美国植物学期刊） 2021年第12期

作者： R. D. Kinley S. Tan j. turnbull S. Askew B. M. Roque

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Effects of vitamin supplementation on inflammatory markers and psychological wellbeing among distressed women:a randomized controlled trial

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j.urnal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第5期16卷 322-328页

作者： j.M.Oliver-Baxter H.S.Whitford D.A.turnbull M.j.Bond School of Psychology The University of Adelaide Sansom Institute for Health Research University of South Australia School of Medicine Flinders University

Background： Multivitamins are a popular supplement taken to promote physical and mental health. During periods of stress, they may have a protective role for health and wellbeing, although the current evidence of their efficacy is mixed. Obj.ctive： To determine whether multivitamin supplementation impacts psychological and inflammatory markers of women who are experiencing psychological distress. Design, setting, participants and interventions： An 8-week randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess changes in both psychological state and pro-inflammatory markers of patients receiving multivi- tamins or placebo. The sample comprised women who reported elevated psychological distress in the previous 4 weeks. Main outcome measures： Psychological state was assessed using Spielberger＇s State-Trait Personality Inventory to assess anxiety, curiosity, depression and anger. Pro-inflammatory markers comprised interleukin （IL）-113, IL-5, IL-6, turnout necrosis factor （TNF）-α and TNF-6. Results： Improvements across time were observed for all psychological measures and cytokines, except IL-5, but were independent of the active intervention. Only TNF-β demonstrated a significant differential change between groups over the course of the intervention, in favour of multivitamin supplementation （active group mean rank decreased from 11.1 to 7.1 ; placebo group mean rank decreased from 8.9 to 7.8）. Conclusion： The results suggest that administration of multivitamins was not effective in improving psychological stare. However, some evidence supported the positive impact of multivitamin supplementation on pro-inflammatory cytokine profiles of women currently experiencing stress.

关键词： Psychological stress Cytokines Vitamins Randomized controlled trial

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Modified thin manual Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty with air-guided, non-pachymetric donor lenticule dissection: outcomes of graft thickness and complication rate

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International j.urnal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第2期13卷 342-345页

作者： Abdo Karim Tourkmani Andrew M j.turnbull Parwez N Hossain Aristides Konstantopoulos David F Anderson Cornea and External Eye Disease Service Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK.

●AIM:To describe a modified technique of donor lenticule dissection for thin manual Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty(TM-DSEK).●METHODS:Donor material was soaked in balanced salt solution(BSS)for 30 min,before being mounted on an artificial anterior chamber(AAC).Rather than BSS,the AAC was filled with filtered air,resulting in a visible reflection at the corneal endothelium-air *** reflection served as a landmark for the depth of the dissection,facilitating the creation of a thin lenticule with low risk of *** was commenced at a standardized depth of 500 microns,with no initial pachymetry *** 29 donor corneas were dissected by a novice TM-DSEK *** time,central graft thickness at 2 mo and complications were analysed.●RESULTS:Results were similar to other endothelial keratoplasty techniques,despite the cases being performed by a novice DSEK *** dissection time was 7 min(range 6-10).One graft perforation occurred(3.45%),but the air tamponaded the break and enabled dissection to be restarted and completed from a different *** central graft thickness after at least two months follow-up was 106 microns(range 25-170).●CONCLUSION:A problem with manual DSEK is the risk of graft perforation by attempting to dissect too thin a lenticule,or creating a thick graft due to fear of *** modified air-guided technique addresses this problem,and is recommended for surgeons either embarking on the learning curve,or who wish to achieve more consistently thin grafts while reducing perforation rates.

关键词： Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty manual donor lenticule dissection graft thickness

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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma as a paradigm of cancer genetics

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Chinese j.urnal of Cancer 2011年第2期30卷 79-84页

作者： Malcolm j. Simons Department of Experimental Research Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Simons Haplomics Limited

The unusual incidence patterns for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) in China,Northeast India,Arctic Inuit,Peninsular and island Southeast Asia,Polynesian Islanders,and North Africans indicate a role for NPC risk genes in Chinese,Chinese-related,and not-obviously Chinese-related *** interest in NPC genetic risk has been stimulated by a hypothesis that NPC population patterns originated in Bai-Yue /pre-Austronesian-speaking aborigines and were dispersed during the last glacial maximum by Sundaland *** articles in this issue of the Chinese j.urnal of Cancer,first presented at a meeting on genetic aspects of NPC [National Cancer Center of Singapore(NCCS),February 20-21,2010],are directed towards incidence patterns,to early detection of affected individuals within risk populations,and to the application of genetic technology advances to understanding the nature of high *** presents a general framework for understanding population migrations that underlie NPC and similar complex diseases,including other viral *** et *** genetic markers to detail migration from East Asia through Taiwan to the populating of Island *** dispersal in a westward direction took mongoloid peoples to modern day Northeast India adj.cent to Western China(Xinj.ang).NPC incidence in mongoloid Nagas ranks amongst the highest in the world,whereas elsewhere in India NPC is *** et *** incidence patterns in Southeast China that have occurred over recent ***,j. et *** the utility of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus in early NPC *** genetic risk factors still remain largely unknown,human leukocyte antigen(HLA) genes have been a focus of attention since the discovery of an HLA association with NPC in 1973 and,two years later,that NPC susceptibility in highest-risk Cantonese involved the co-occurrence of multi-HLA locus combinations of HLA genes as chromosome combinations,or haplotypes(***-A2-B46

关键词：鼻咽癌遗传学癌症人类白细胞抗原全国人民代表大会遗传亲缘关系风险监测中国西部

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Organic photovoltaics for simultaneous energy harvesting and high-speed MIMO optical wireless communications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第3期10卷 379-389页

作者： Iman Tavakkolnia Lethy K.j.gadamma Rui Bian Pavlos P.Manousiadis Stefan Videv Graham A.turnbull Ifor D.W.Samuel Harald Haas LiFi Research and Development Centre Department of Elearonic&Electrical EngineeringThe University of StrathclydeTechnology&Innovation Centre99 George StreetGlasgow G11RDUK Organic Semiconductor Centre SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsSt Andrews KY169SSUK pureLiFi Rosebery House9 Haymarket TerraceEdinburgh EH125EZUK

We show that organic photovoltaics(OPVs)are suitable for high-speed optical wireless data receivers that can also harvest *** addition,these OPVs are of particular interest for indoor applications,as their bandgap is larger than that of silicon,leading to better matching to the spectrum of artificial *** selecting a suitable combination of a narrow bandgap donor polymer and a nonfullerene acceptor,stable OPVs are fabricated with a power conversion efficiency of 8.8%under 1 Sun and 14%under indoor lighting *** an optical wireless communication experiment,a data rate of 363 Mb/s and a simultaneous harvested power of 10.9 mW are achieved in a 4-by-4 multipleinput multiple-output(MIMO)setup that consists of four laser diodes,each transmitting 56 mW optical power and four OPV cells on a single panel as receivers at a distance of 40 *** result is the highest reported data rate using OPVs as data receivers and energy *** finding may be relevant to future mobile communication applications because it enables enhanced wireless data communication performance while prolonging the battery life in a mobile device.

关键词： MIMO simultaneous lighting

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Glass formation for iron-based alloys by combining kinetic and thermodynamic parameters

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j.urnal of Central South University 2013年第2期20卷 293-300页

作者： j. H. Willy 王刚刘仲武 School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology

The glass formation was intensively studied for Fe-based alloys. Parameters defining kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of crystallization were calculated using calorimetric measurements and physical properties of constituent elements. It is found that the critical cooling rate Rc estimated by combining kinetic and thermodynamic parameters highly correlates with measured Rc found in literatures with correlation coefficient R2=0.944, and alloy compositions with high melting enthalpy AHm can easily form glass even without high undercooling and high value of the ,β-parameter of Tumbull＇s theory, revealing that the glass formation in this group of alloys is mostly controlled by growth limitation. This combination of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters can be used to determine alloy composition with good glass forming ability in Fe-based alloys j.st using physical properties of alloying elements and calorimetric measurements.

关键词： metallic glass glass-forming ability iron-based alloys critical cooling rate

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Oomycetes Seek Help from the Plant：Phytophthora infestans Effectors Target Host Susceptibility Factors

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Molecular Plant 2016年第5期9卷 636-638页

作者： Petra C. Boevink Hazel McLellan Eleanor M. Gilroy Shaista Naqvi Qin He Lina Yang Xiaodan Wang Dionne turnbull Miles R. Armstrong Zhendong Tian Paul R.j. Birch Cell and Molecular Science James Hutton Institute(JHI) InvergowrieDundee DD2 5DA UK Division of Plant Science College of Life Science University of Dundee(at JHI) Invergowrie Dundee DD2 5DA UK Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China Fuj.an Key Laboratory of Plant Virology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Virus-free Seedling Research Institute of Heilongj.ang Academy of Agricultural Sciences 368 Xuefu Road Harbin 150086 China

Plants have a sophisticated immune system to defend against a wide range of invaders,including insects,nematodes,bacteria,oomycetes,fungi,and *** may manipulate or suppress immunity by delivering effector proteins,either to the inside or outside of plant *** attention has been focused on identifying the targets of effector proteins in the host and on characterizing how effector activities suppress immunity.

关键词： Oomycetes Phytophthora Susceptibility

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《SHOCK》2019年第10期新观点

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实用休克杂志（中英文） 2019年第5期3卷 309-310,320页

作者： Steven j. Schwulst Isaiah R. turnbull 朱浙祥湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院)急诊科急危重症代谢组学湖南省重点实验室

2019年第10期的《休克》杂志向我们展示了全球范围内临床和基础的研究。临床研究主要集中在脓毒症和脓毒性休克,与脓毒症、脓毒性休克后短期和长期预后相关的因素和患者相关特征,以及能预测脓毒症引起终末器官损伤的潜在的新型生物标记... 详细信息

2019年第10期的《休克》杂志向我们展示了全球范围内临床和基础的研究。临床研究主要集中在脓毒症和脓毒性休克,与脓毒症、脓毒性休克后短期和长期预后相关的因素和患者相关特征,以及能预测脓毒症引起终末器官损伤的潜在的新型生物标记物。本期《休克》杂志的基础科学部分代表了一系列不同的研究,这些研究为出血后血管内皮细胞损伤和肠上皮细胞损伤的潜在机制提供了新的见解,为通气和氧合诱导的病理生理学研究提供了大型动物模型依据,为评估和改善出血、心脏骤停和内毒素血症后心功能提供了新的工具,以及为抗凝血酶Ⅲ作为一种潜在治疗内毒素诱导的弥散性血管内凝血的方法提供了大型动物试验依据。与研究质量同样令人印象深刻的是,这些研究者是来自跨越多个大陆的实验室和研究小组,这突出了我们研究群体的全球影响力,以及彰显了我们息息相关的使命,即更好地理解创伤、休克和脓毒症的生理机制。

关键词：弥散性血管内凝血脓毒性休克内毒素诱导病理生理学心脏骤停脓毒症内毒素血症动物模型

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Laser-direct-drive program: Promise, challenge, and path forward

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2017年第2期2卷 37-54页

作者： E.M.Campbell V.N.Goncharov T.C.Sangster S.P.Regan P.B.Radha R.Betti j.F.Myatt D.H.Froula M.j.Rosenberg I.V.Igumenshchev W.Seka A.A.Solodov A.V.Maximov j.A.Marozas T.j.B.Collins D.turnbull F.j.Marshall A.Shvydky j.P.Knauer R.L.McCrory A.B.Sefkow M.Hohenberger P.A.Michel T.Chapman L.Masse C.Goyon S.Ross j.W.Bates M. Karasik j.Oh j.Weaver A.j.Schmitt K.Obenschain S.P.Obenschain S.Reyes B.Van Wonterghem Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of RochesterRochesterNYUSA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCAUSA Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDCUSA

Along with laser-indirect(X-ray)-drive and magnetic-drive target concepts,laser direct drive is a viable approach to achieving ignition and gain with inertial confinement *** the United States,a national program has been established to demonstrate and understand the physics of laser direct *** program utilizes the Omega Laser Facility to conduct implosion and coupling physics at the nominally 30-kj.scale and lasereplasma interaction and coupling physics at the Mj.scale at the National Ignition *** article will discuss the motivation and challenges for laser direct drive and the broad-based program presently underway in the United States.

关键词： Inertial fusion Direct drive Laser interactions Hydrodynamics Omega National ignition facility

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