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Quantifying and Validating Soybean Seed Emergence Model as a Function of Temperature

American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 111-124页

作者： Firas Ahmed Alsaj.i Chathurika Wij.wardana L. j.son Krutz j. trenton irby Bobby Golden K. Raj. Reddy Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA Mississippi Water Resources Research Institute Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA Delta Research and Extension Center Stoneville MS USA

Developing a model for soybean seed emergence offers a tool producers could use for planting date options and in predicting seedling emergence. In this study, temperature effects on soybean seed emergence were quantified, modeled, and validated. The data for seed emergence model development was generated at varying temperatures, 20°C/12°C, 25°C/17°C, 30°C/22°C, 35°C/27°C, and 40°C/32°C, on two soybean cultivars, Asgrow AG5332 and Progeny P 5333 RY. Time for 50% emergence (t50%) was recorded, and seed emergence rate (SER) was estimated as reciprocal to time at each temperature in both the cultivars. No differences were observed between the cultivars in their response to temperature. A quadratic model (QM) best described the relationship between t50% and SGR and temperature (R2 = 0.93). Two sets of experiments were conducted to validate the model. In Experiment 1, 17 time-series planting date studies with the same cultivars were used by utilizing diurnal and seasonal changes in temperature conditions. In the second experiment, sunlit growth chambers with 3 different day/night temperatures, low—20°C/12°C, optimum—30°C/22°C, and high—40°C/32°C, and 64 soybean cultivars belonging MG III, IV, and V, were used. Air temperature and t50 were recorded, and SGR was estimated in all experiments. No differences were recorded among the cultivars for t50% and SGR, but differences were observed among seeding date and temperature experiments. We tested QM and traditionally used Growing Degree Days models against the data collected in validation experiments. Both the model simulations predictions agreed closely with the observed data. Based on model statistics, R2, root mean square errors (RMSE), and comparison of observations and predictions to assess model performance, the QM model performed better than the GDD model for soybean seed emergence under a wide range of cultivars and environmental conditions.

关键词： Growing Degree Days Model Seed Emergence Soybean Temperature

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Weave geometry generation avoiding interferences for mesoscale RVEs

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第12期35卷 2869-2882页

作者： Daniel Höwer Shengkai Yu trenton M.Ricks Brett A.Bednarcyk Evan j.Pineda Bertram Stier Stefanie Reese j.an-Willem Simon Institute of Applied Mechanics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany NASA Glenn Research Center ClevelandOH 44135USA Collier Research and Development Corporation Newport NewsVA 23606USA

An algorithm which allows the generation of representative volume elements(RVEs) for complex woven and warp-interlaced fiber-reinforced composite topologies while avoiding unphysical tow intersections is presented. This is achieved by extending an existing RVE generation strategy in two significant ways:(1) the local cross section shape of the tow is adj.sted depending on the local tow curvature in a way that preserves the cross sectional area of the tow, and(2) the elementary crimp interval is separated into a planar and a transition region. The modifications facilitate the generation of a wide range of elaborate textile topologies without tow intersections, which are present without the proposed modifications unless complex tow to tow contact models are introduced. The mechanical properties of plain weaves were predicted based on the topology generated with the proposed algorithm as well as based on RVEs which were constructed based on actual micrographs, i.e. a "digital twin" of the actual microstructure. A comparison of the predicted mechanical properties based on finite element and Multiscale Generalized Method of Cells techniques shows close agreement. However, some differences exist with respect to experimentally determined material parameters due to the finite dimensions of the specimens. Lastly,mechanical properties of multilayered weaves are predicted with the finite element method. The considered material systems are carbon fiber in epoxy matrix as well as C/C-SiC. However, the procedure is applicable to a wide range of material systems.

关键词： RVE generation Multiscale analysis Composites

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Struvite Effects on Rice Growth and Productivity under Flood-Irrigation in the Greenhouse

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第7期14卷 864-877页

作者： Diego Della Lunga Kristofor R. Brye trenton L. Roberts Chris G. Henry Michelle A. Evans-White Daniel j. Lessner Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA Department of Biological Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

In recent years, electrochemical precipitation has gained interest as an alternative method for the synthesis of various minerals, including struvite, from waste streams that can serve as an alternative fertilizer. Studies in lowland cultivations, specifically rice (Oryza sativa) under flood-irrigated conditions, evaluating struvite as a possible alternative phosphorus (P) fertilizer source have been limited. The obj.ctive of this study was to evaluate rice response to electrochemically precipitated struvite (ECST) compared to triple superphosphate (TSP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), a chemically precipitated struvite (CPST), and an unamended control (UC), grown under flooded-soil conditions in the greenhouse. Aboveground vegetative dry matter (DM) P concentration was greatest from the UC (0.18%) and was lowest from DAP (0.08%). Root DM Mg concentration was greatest from ECST (0.13%) and was lowest from TSP (0.10%). Grain yield was greatest from DAP (11.2 Mg•ha−1) and was lowest from the UC (4.0 Mg•ha−1). Grain N, P, K, and Mg uptake were consistently greatest from DAP and consistently lowest from the UC. Grain N concentration was 1.1 times greater from CPST than from ECST, while all other measured rice properties did not differ between the struvite-P sources. The many similar rice responses between struvite materials (ECST and CPST) and TSP and DAP demonstrate that struvite, particularly ECST, is a valid alternative fertilizer-P source for rice-production systems. Further studies should evaluate potential environmental implications (i.e., runoff water quality and greenhouse gas emissions) from struvite use that could affect agricultural sustainability.

关键词： Greenhouse Nitrogen Phosphorus Rice Production Struvite

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Cell Cycle Arrest Mediates Global DNA Methylation Patterns in Normal Human Keratinocytes, Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells and Murine Embryonic Fibroblasts

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j.urnal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第1期4卷 199-207页

作者： j.hn j. Wille j.ng Y. Park Bioderm Technologies Inc Trenton USA Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa USA

The 5-methylationcytosine (5-MC) DNA content of murine embryonic fibroblasts arrested in G1 by four growth conditions (Gc, Gn, Gd, and Gs) were hypermethylated relative to rapidly growing (RG) fibroblasts. Normal human keratinocytes (NHK) arrested in G1 by suspension were hypermethylated relative to RG cultures. Four RG cultures of epidermoid carcinoma cells (ECC) were hypomethylated relative to RG NHK cultures, and two cultures (SCC25 and A431) were further hypomethylated by SUS-induced arrest. Linear regression analyses established a positive linear correlation between growth rate and 5-MC content for three murine fibroblasts lines, and a negative correlation for both NHK and ECC lines.

关键词： Anoikis Epitheliod Carcinoma Cells Cell Cycle DNA Methylation G1 Phase Restriction Points

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Effects of Okadaic Acid, Retinoic Acid, and Phorbol Myristate Acetate Tumor Promoter on Oncogene Expression

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j.urnal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第6期5卷 591-604页

作者： j.hn j. Wille j.ng Y. Park Bioderm Technologies Inc. Trenton USA Department of Cancer Epidemiology Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa USA

The effect of okadaic acid (OA) on proto-oncogene protein expression of c-neu, c-myc, v-rasH, EGFR, and phosphotyrosine-containing phosphoproteins (P-Tyr) was investigated in rapidly growing (RG) normal human keratinocytes (NHK) and in SV-40 virally-transformed keratinocytes (SVK) cultured in a growth factor supplemented serum-free medium as assessed by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. P-Tyr positively stains cell surface antigens (cytoplasm) diffusely at monopolar sites in RG NHK cultures. OA-treatment intensifies cytoplasmic P-Tyr staining at localized monopolar intercellular focal adhesion (IFA) sites with reduced cytoplasmic staining. P-Tyr expression was predominate at IFA sites with little cytoplasmic staining in RG SVK cultures. OA-treatment increased monopolar P-Tyr staining and cytoplasmic staining. OA-treatment in RG NHK cultures intensified cytoplasmic staining of c-myc and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) expression. OA-treatment in RG NHK and SVK cultures intensified c-neu staining at monopolar IFA sites and intensified c-neu staining at both cytoplasmic and bipolar IFA sites in RG SVK cells. OA was especially cytotoxic for SVK cells. RA treatment decreased c-neu expression in RG NHK cultures while TPA treatment has a lesser effect on both cytoplasmic and IFA sites. RA treatment also decreased P-Tyr staining in both NHK and SVK cells. Again, TPA had a lesser inhibitory effect on P-Tyr staining pattern. RA-treatment had a similar effect on P-Tyr staining of RG cultures of a mouse fibroblast cell line. These results confirm the generality of OA, RA and TPA on the regulation of oncogene expression in both normal and malignantly transformed keratinocytes.

关键词： Epidermal Keratinocytes Indirect Immunofluorescence Microscopy Oncogene Protein Antibodies Okadaic Acid Phosphotyrosine Antibody Retinoic Acid SV-40 Transformed Keratinocytes TPA Tumor Promoter

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Mechanism of soft x-ray continuum radiation from low-energy pinch discharges of hydrogen and ultra-low field ignition of solid fuels

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第9期19卷 7-34页

作者： R MILLS j.LOTOSKI Y LU Brilliant Light Power Inc.493 Old Trenton RoadCranburyNJ 08512United States of America

EUV continuum radiation（10–30 nm） arising only from very low energy pulsed pinch gas discharges comprising some hydrogen was first observed at Black Light Power, Inc. and reproduced at the Harvard Center for Astrophysics（Cf A）. The source was determined to be due to the transition of H to the lower-energy hydrogen or hydrino state H（1/4） whose emission matches that observed wherein alternative sources were eliminated. The identity of the catalyst that accepts 3 · 27.2 eV from the H to cause the H to H（1/4） transition was determined to HOH versus 3H. The mechanism was elucidated using different oxide-coated electrodes that were selective in forming HOH versus plasma forming metal atoms as well as from the intensity profile that was a mismatch for the multi-body reaction required during 3H catalysis. The HOH catalyst was further shown to give EUV radiation of the same nature by igniting a solid fuel comprising a source of H and HOH catalyst by passing a low voltage, high current through the fuel to produce explosive plasma. No chemical reaction can release such high-energy light. No high field existed to form highly ionized ions that could give radiation in this EUV region that persisted even without power input. This plasma source serves as strong evidence for the existence of the transition of H to hydrino H（1/4） by HOH as the catalyst and a corresponding new power source wherein initial extraordinarily brilliant light-emitting prototypes are already producing photovoltaic generated electrical power. The hydrino product of a catalyst reaction of atomic hydrogen was analyzed by multiple spectroscopic techniques. Moreover, the m H catalyst was identified to be active in astronomical sources such as the Sun, stars and interstellar medium wherein the characteristics of hydrino match those of the dark matter of the Universe.

关键词： ignition continuum brilliant catalysis matches elucidated reproduced spectroscopic figure helium

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回收制浆化学药品的新型黑液低温气化系统

回收制浆化学药品的新型黑液低温气化系统

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2004中国造纸学会学术报告会

作者： Eric j.Connor 林乔元美国国际热化学回收公司

＜正＞幻灯片1;简介本文介绍世界上第一个生产型新型黑液低温气化系统在加拿大安大略省丁东（trenton）市诺安帕克（Norampac）厂启动和运行的最新资料。该厂是用阔叶木片和废箱纸板生产瓦楞纸的半化学浆厂。介绍的内容包括这项专利技...

＜正＞幻灯片1;简介本文介绍世界上第一个生产型新型黑液低温气化系统在加拿大安大略省丁东（trenton）市诺安帕克（Norampac）厂启动和运行的最新资料。该厂是用阔叶木片和废箱纸板生产瓦楞纸的半化学浆厂。介绍的内容包括这项专利技术是如何运作的,讨论了黑液气化系统的构型、设计、建造和运行结果。

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