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Non-Darcy Flow in Molding Sands

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Open j.urnal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 976-982页

作者： Miguel A. Barron-Meza j.an reyes-miranda Daniel Flores-Sanchez Departamento de Materiales Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco Ciudad de Mexico Mexico

Darcy’s law is widely used to describe the flow in porous media in which there is a linear relationship between fluid velocity and pressure gradient. However, it has been found that for high numbers of Reynolds this law ceases to be valid. In this work, the Ergun equation is employed to consider the non-linearity of air velocity with the pressure gradient in casting sands. The contribution of non-linearity to the total flow in terms of a variable defined as a non-Darcy flow fraction is numerically quantified. In addition, the influence of the shape factor of the sand grains on the non-linear flow fraction is analyzed. It is found that for values of the Reynolds number less or equal than 1, the contribution of non-linearity for spherical particles is around 1.15%.

关键词： Darcy’s Law Molding Sands Non-Darcy Flow Reynolds Number Shape Factor

Application of a Pulsed Electric Field to Modify the Free Energy of the Active Site of an Azoreductase

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j.urnal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第1期12卷 249-255页

作者： j.sus Magyber de j.sus miranda Pedro Guillermo reyes-Romero j.rge Mulia-Rodríguez Daniel Osorio-González Molecular Biophysics Laboratory Faculty of Sciences Autonomous University of State of Mexico Toluca Mexico Advanced Physics Laboratory Faculty of Sciences Autonomous University of State of Mexico Toluca Mexico

The Gibbs free energy is strongly related to the stability and catalytic function of an enzyme through the energetic changes that occur in the chemical reactions the enzyme catalyzes. In this in silico study, a pulsed electric field was applied to an azoreductase, and its effect on the Gibbs free energy of molecular docking with two dyes was measured. We propose that certain stimuli from a pulsed electric field favor the structural stability of the enzyme by promoting an arrangement in the active site, potentially leading to an enhancement of enzymatic activity overall.

关键词： Pulsed Electric Field Molecular Dynamics Docking Azoreductase

Unilateral rNurr1-V5 transgene expression in nigral dopaminergic neurons mitigates bilateral neuropathology and behavioral deficits in parkinsonian rats withα-synucleinopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2057-2067页

作者： Bismark Gatica-Garcia Michael j.Bannon Irma Alicia Martínez-Dávila Luis O.Soto-Roj.s David reyes-Corona Lourdes Escobedo Minerva Maldonado-Berny ME Gutierrez-Castillo Armando j.Espadas-Alvarez Manuel A.Fernandez-Parrilla j.an U.Mascotte-Cruz CP Rodríguez-Oviedo Irais E.Valenzuela-Arzeta Claudia Luna-Herrera Francisco E.Lopez-Salas j.ime Santoyo-Salazar Daniel Martinez-Fong Departamento de Fisiología Biofísica y NeurocienciasCentro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Department of Pharmacology Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMIUSA Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular Carrera Médico CirujanoFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla de BazMéxico Red de Medicina para la Educación y Desarrollo y la Investigación Científica de Iztacala(Red MEDICI) Carrera Médico CirujanoFacultad de Estudios Superiores IztacalaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoTlalnepantla de BazMéxico Nanoparticle Therapy Institute AguascalientesMéxico Departamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y DesarrolloInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía Instituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Fisiología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología Instituto de Investigaciones BiomédicasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Departamento de Física Centro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico Programa de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Centro de Investigación y de Estudios AvanzadosCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Parkinsonism by unilateral,intranigralβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside administration in rats is distinguished in that theα-synuclein insult begins unilaterally but spreads bilaterally and increases in severity over time,thus replicating several clinical features of Parkinson’s disease,a typicalα-synucleinopathy.As Nurr1 repressesα-synuclein,we evaluated whether unilateral transfected of rNurr1-V5 transgene via neurotensin-polyplex to the substantia nigra on day 30 after unilateralβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside lesion could affect bilateral neuropathology and sensorimotor deficits on day 30 post-transfection.This study found that rNurr1-V5 expression but not that of the green fluorescent protein(the negative control)reducedβ-sitosterolβ-D-glucoside-induced neuropathology.Accordingly,a bilateral increase in tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells and arborization occurred in the substantia nigra and increased tyrosine hydroxylase-positive ramifications in the striatum.In addition,tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells displayed less senescence markerβ-galactosidase and more neuron-cytoskeleton markerβIII-tubulin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.A significant decrease in activated microglia(positive to ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1)and neurotoxic astrocytes(positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and complement component 3)and increased neurotrophic astrocytes(positive to glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100 calcium-binding protein A10)also occurred in the substantia nigra.These effects followed the bilateral reduction inα-synuclein aggregates in the nigrostriatal system,improving sensorimotor behavior.Our results show that unilateral rNurr1-V5 transgene expression in nigral dopaminergic neurons mitigates bilateral neurodegeneration(senescence and loss of neuron-cytoskeleton and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells),neuroinflammation(activated microglia,neurotoxic astrocytes),α-synuclein aggregation,and sensorimotor deficits.Increased neurotrophic astrocytes and brain-derived neurotrophic factor can mediate t

关键词： A1 astrocytes A2 astrocytes gene therapy microglia motor deficits nanoparticles neurodegeneration neuroinflammation senescence α-synuclein aggregates

A new oxidative pathway of nitric oxide production from oximes in plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 178-198页

作者： Pedro Lopez-Gomez j.vier Buezo Marina Urra Alfonso Cornej. Raquel Esteban j.rge Fernandez de los reyes Estibaliz Urarte Estefania Rodriguez-Dobreva Alej.ndro Chamizo-Ampudia Alej.ndro Eguaras Sebastian Wolf Daniel Marino Victor Martinez-Merino j.se F.Moran Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology(IMAB) Department of SciencesPublic University of Navarre(UPNA)Avda.de Pamplona 12331192 MutilvaSpain Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics(INAMAT2) Department of SciencesPublic University of Navarre(UPNA)Campus de Arosadia31006 PamplonaSpain Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Sarriena s/nApdo.64448080 BilbaoSpain Center for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP) University of TubingenGeschwister-Scholl-Platz72074 TubingenGermany Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca(IRNASA) Department of Plant-Microorganism InteractionsSpanish National Research Council(CSIC)Cordel de Merinas40-5237008SalamancaSpain Department of Biochemistry Area of Molecular BiologyVeterinary FacultyUniversity of LeonCampus de Vegazanas/n.24071 LeonSpain

Nitric oxide(NO)is an essential reactive oxygen species and a signal molecule in plants.Although several studies have proposed the occurrence of oxidative NO production,only reductive routes for NO production,such as the nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))-upper-reductase pathway,have been evidenced to date in land plants.However,plants grown axenically with ammonium as the sole source of nitrogen exhibit contents of nitrite and NO3−,evidencing the existence of a metabolic pathway for oxidative production of NO.We hypothesized that oximes,such as indole-3-acetaldoxime(IAOx),a precursor to indole-3-acetic acid,are intermediate oxidation products in NO synthesis.We detected the production of NO from IAOx and other oximes catalyzed by peroxidase(POD)enzyme using both 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorescein fluorescence and chemiluminescence.Flavins stimulated the reaction,while superoxide dismutase inhibited it.Interestingly,mouse NO synthase can also use IAOx to produce NO at a lower rate than POD.We provided a full mechanism for POD-dependent NO production from IAOx consistent with the experimental data and supported by density functional theory calculations.We showed that the addition of IAOx to extracts from Medicago truncatula increased the in vitro production of NO,while in vivo supplementation of IAOx and other oximes increased the number of lateral roots,as shown for NO donors,and a more than 10-fold increase in IAOx dehydratase expression.Furthermore,we found that in vivo supplementation of IAOx increased NO production in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type plants,while prx33-34 mutant plants,defective in POD33-34,had reduced production.Our data show that the release of NO by IAOx,as well as its auxinic effect,explain the superroot phenotype.Collectively,our study reveals that plants produce NO utilizing diverse molecules such as oximes,POD,and flavins,which are widely distributed in the plant kingdom,thus introducing a long-awaited oxidative pathway to NO production in plants.This knowledge has essential implications for und

关键词： ammonium oxidation auxin nitric oxide oxime peroxidase root phenotype

CD4^(+)T cells produce IFN-I to license cDC1s for induction of cytotoxic T-cell activity in human tumors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin Lei Daniël C.de Groot Marij.j.P.Welters Tom de Wit Ellen Schrama Hans van Eenennaam Saskia j.Santegoets Timo Oosenbrug Annemarthe van der Veen j.ris L.Vos Charlotte L.Zuur Noel F.C.C.de miranda Heinz j.cobs Sj.erd H.van der Burg j.nnie Borst Yanling Xiao Department of Immunology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.V. OssThe Netherlands Division of Medical Oncology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology Leiden University Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)T cells can"help"or"license" conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)anticancer responses,as proven in mouse models.We recently identified cDC1s with a transcriptomic imprint of CD4^(+)T-cell help,specifically in T-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells were associated with a good prognosis and response to PD-1-targeting immunotherapy.Here,we delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing by CD4^(+)T cells in humans.Activated CD4^(+)T cells produce IFNβvia the STING pathway,which promotes MHC-I antigen(cross-)presentation by cDC1s and thereby improves their ability to induce CTL anticancer responses.In cooperation with CD40 ligand(L),IFNβalso optimizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for CTL response induction.IFN-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells are present in diverse T-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliver“help”signals to CTLs locally,according to their transcriptomic profile and colocalization with“helped/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactive CD8^(+)T cells.In agreement with this scenario,the presence of IFN-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells in the TME is associated with overall survival and the response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients.

关键词： CD4^(+)T-cell help cDC1 licensing IFN-I signaling CD40 costimulation (cross-)presentation CTL priming Tumor control

Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease in a Brazilian Amazon Cohort

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第6期14卷 287-302页

作者： j.se Tadeu Colares Monteiro Adriana Rodrigues Barretto Ruan Seguin Azevedo Quaresma Bianca miranda Gouveia Ismari Perini Furlaneto Victória Menezes da Costa Yan Corrêa Rodrigues Layana Rufino Ribeiro Ricardo j. de Paula Souza e Guimarães Alex Brito Souza Ana Roberta Fusco da Costa Karla Valéria Batista Lima j.ao de Barros Barreto University Hospital Federal University of Par Belm Brazil Center for Biological and Health Sciences Ph.D. Program in Parasitic Biology in the Amazon Region (PPGBPA) State University of Par (UEPA) Belm Brazil Department of Medicine Centro Universitrio do Par CESUPA Belm Brazil Bacteriology and Mycology Section Evandro Chagas Institute (SABMI/IEC) Ministry of Health Ananindeua Brazil Geoprocessing Laboratory Evandro Chagas Institute/SVSA/MS Ananineua Brazil

The incidence of Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MACPD) has been globally increasing. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of clinical characteristics and treatment response among patients in the Amazon region of Brazil and conduct a retrospective cohort study at a prominent referral hospital in the State of Par, Brazil, from 2012 to 2020. The M. avium group represented 58.9% of cases, followed by M. intracellulare (35.7%), M. colombiense (3.6%), and M. chimaera (1.8%). The maj.rity of patients (73.2%) were female and with an average age of 63 years. Primary clinical manifestations included persistent cough and sputum production. The Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) averaged 2.47, with 36.3% of patients having a CCI score equal to higher than 3. Notably, over 70% of patients had received treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis before initiating treatment for MAC infection. The fibrocavitary radiologic form was the most prevalent (55.4%), frequently exhibiting a bilateral distribution (53.6%). Antimicrobial susceptibility revealed a significant prevalence of MAC resistance to drugs in the therapeutic regimen. Despite this, most of the patients experienced clinical improvement (50%). In conclusion, this study highlights a higher prevalence of MAC infections among middle-aged women, with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment and presenting the fibrocavitary radiological form was predominant.

关键词： MACDP Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Mycobacterium avium Lung Disease

Economic and Environmental Performance of Biowaste-to-energy Technologies for Small-scale Electricity Generation

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j.urnal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第1期10卷 12-18页

作者： Max j.A.Romero Rivas Davide Capuano Claudio miranda Graded S.p.A. NapoliNA 80141Italy

Electricity is predicted to be the energy vector that will undergo maj.r changes in the future,and a transition would be observed in the resources such as waste and residual biomass that we use to satisfy the energy demand.Therefore,this study aims to highlight the main economic and environmental performances of different biowaste-to-energy technologies for small-scale electricity generation by comparing the direct combustion of refined vegetable oil obtained from waste cooking oils(thermal pathway),anaerobic digestion of biowaste(biochemical pathway),and gasification of wood residues(thermochemical pathway).The economic analysis is mainly based on personal experiences in the energy sector and shows an overview of the performance in investment of combined heat and power(CHP)systems,ranging from 100 to 500 kW for a period of 20 years.The environmental assessment is conducted considering the life-cycle thinking approach using support from the openLCA software,product environmental footprint(PEF)database,and previous studies that have reported environmental inventory data from real industrial cases.

关键词： Biowaste-to-energy small-scale generation economic assessment environmental assessment

Unsteady Non-Uniform Flow of Molten Metals in Rectangular Open Channels

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World j.urnal of Engineering and Technology 2022年第3期10卷 593-604页

作者： Miguel A. Barron j.an reyes Dulce Y. miranda Departamento de Materiales Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco Mexico City Mexico

In the metallurgical industries, it is very important to characterize the flow of molten metals in open channels given that they are transported through these devices to different plant sections. However, unlike the flow of water which has been studied since ancient times, the flow of molten metals in open channels has received little attention. The unsteady non-uniform flow of blast furnace molten pig iron in a rectangular open channel is analyzed in this work by numerical solution of the Saint-Venant equations. The influence of mesh size on the convergence of molten metal height is studied to determine the proper mesh and time step sizes. A sinusoidal inflow pulse is imposed at the entrance of the channel in order to analyze the propagation of the resulting wave. The influence of the angle of inclination of the channel and the roughness coefficient of the walls on the amplitude and the dynamic behavior of the height of the molten metal are analyzed. Phase portraits of the channel state variables are constructed and interpreted. Numerical simulations show that as the angle of inclination of the channel increases, the amplitude of the formed wave decreases. From 10 degrees onwards, the peak of the wave descends even below the initial height. On the other hand, the roughness coefficient affects the molten pig iron height profiles in an inverse way than the angle of inclination. The amplitude of the formed wave increases as the roughness coefficient increases.

关键词： Molten Metals Flow Non-Uniform Flow Open Channels Pig Iron Transport Saint-Venant Equations Sinusoidal Pulse Unsteady Flow

The Periaqueductal Gray and Its Extended Participation in Drug Addiction Phenomena

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第10期37卷 1493-1509页

作者： Priscila Vazquez-Leon Abraham miranda-Paez j.sus Chavez-reyes Gonzalo Allende Paulino Barragan-Iglesias Bruno A.Marichal-Cancino Departamento de Fisiologia y Farmacologia Centro de Ciencias BasicasUniversidad Autonoma de AguascalientesCiudad Universitaria20131 AguascalientesAgs.Mexico Departamento de Fisiologia Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiologicasInstituto Politecnico NacionalWilfrido Massieu esq.Manuel Stampa s/n Col.Nueva Industrial Vallejo07738 Gustavo A.MaderoMexico CityMexico

The periaqueductal gray(PAG)is a complex mesencephalic structure involved in the integration and execution of active and passive self-protective behaviors against imminent threats,such as immobility or flight from a predator.PAG activity is also associated with the integration of responses against physical discomfort(e.g.,anxiety,fear,pain,and disgust)which occurs prior an imminent attack,but also during withdrawal from drugs such as morphine and cocaine.The PAG sends and receives proj.ctions to and from other well-documented nuclei linked to the phenomenon of drug addiction including:(i)the ventral tegmental area;(ii)extended amygdala;(iii)medial prefrontal cortex;(iv)pontine nucleus;(v)bed nucleus of the stria terminalis;and(vi)hypothalamus.Preclinical models have suggested that the PAG contributes to the modulation of anxiety,fear,and nociception(all of which may produce physical discomfort)linked with chronic exposure to drugs of abuse.Withdrawal produced by the maj.r pharmacological classes of drugs of abuse is mediated through actions that include participation of the PAG.In support of this,there is evidence of functional,pharmacological,molecular.And/or genetic alterations in the PAG during the impulsive/compulsive intake or withdrawal from a drug.Due to its small size,it is difficult to assess the anatomical participation of the PAG when using classical neuroimaging techniques,so its phys-iopathology in drug addiction has been underestimated and poorly documented.In this theoretical review,we discuss the involvement of the PAG in drug addiction mainly via its role as an integrator of responses to the physical discomfort associated with drug withdrawal.

关键词： Periaqueductal gray Reward circuit Antireward circuit Alcohol Caffeine Cannabis Opioids Stimulants