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STr.CTUr. AND COMPOSITION OF A WATEr.HED-SCALE SEDIMENT INFOr.ATION NETWOr.

Inter.ational j.ur.al of Sediment r.sear.h 2007年第3期22卷 238-246页

作者： W. r. OSTEr.AMP j. r. Gr.Y j. B. LAr.NNE j. r. martin r.sear.h Hydr.logist National Research Program U. S. Geological Survey Tucson AZ USA 85745 Hydr.logist Office of Surface Water U. S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA 20192 Pr.f. Department of Geography and Environmental Development Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel Gr.duate Student National Research Program U. S. Geological Survey Tucson AZ USA 85745

A "Water.hed-Scale Sediment Infor.ation Networ." (WaSSIN), designed to complement UNESCO’s Inter.ational Sedimentation Initiative, was endor.ed as an initial pr.j.ct by the Wor.d Association for.Sedimentation and Er.sion r.sear.h. WaSSIN is to addr.ss global fluvial-sediment infor.ation needs thr.ugh a networ. appr.ach based on consistent pr.tocols for.the collection, analysis, and stor.ge of fluvial-sediment and ancillar. infor.ation at smaller.spatial scales than those of the Inter.ational Sedimentation Initiative. As a second step of implementation, it is pr.posed her.in that the WaSSIN have a gener.l str.ctur. of two components, (1) monitor.ng and data acquisition and (2) r.sear.h. Monitor.ng is to be conducted in small water.heds, each of which has an established database for.dischar.e of water.and suspended sediment and possibly for.bed load, bed mater.al, and bed topogr.phy. Ideally, documented pr.tocols have been used for.collecting, analyzing, stor.ng, and shar.ng the der.vative data. The r.sear.h component is to continue the collection and inter.r.tation of data, to compar. those data among candidate water.heds, and to deter.ine gr.dients of fluxes and pr.cesses among the selected water.heds. To define gr.dients and evaluate pr.cesses, the initial water.heds will have sever.l common attr.butes. Water.heds of the fir.t gr.up will be: (1) six to ten in number. (2) less than 1000 km2 in ar.a, (3) gener.lly in mid-latitudes of continents, and (4) of semiar.d climate. Potential candidate water.heds pr.sently include the Weany Cr.ek Basin, nor.heaster. Austr.lia, the Zhi Fanggou catchment, nor.her. China, the Eshtemoa Water.hed, souther. Isr.el, the Metsemotlhaba r.ver.Basin, Botswana, the Aiuaba Exper.mental Basin, Br.zil, and the Walnut Gulch Exper.mental Water.hed, southwester. United States.

关键词： Sediment infor.ation Monitor.ng system Inter.ational sediment initiative WaSSIN

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Inter.cting with Text:The r.le of Dialogue in Lear.ing to r.ad and Wr.te

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中国外语 2007年第5期4卷 66-80页

作者： j. r. martin David r.se Univer.ity of Sydney Depar.ment of Linguistics University of Sydney

English language teacher. in China ar. expr.ssing gr.wing inter.st in the model of language pr.vided by systemic functional linguistics and genr. theor.. This paper.offer. fur.her.insights into the methods developed in this fr.mewor.,for.teaching r.ading and wr.ting in school and academic contexts. These methods involve car.fully planned inter.ctions between teacher. and students,that enable all students in a class to successfully pr.ctise skills in academic r.ading and wr.ting. The paper.outlines the models of language and language lear.ing that under.in the methods,and illustr.tes the kinds of classr.om inter.ctions used for.wr.ting and r.ading. It concludes with a discussion of the implications of these methods for.language teaching in China.

关键词： genr. liter.cy r.ading wr.ting pedagogy functional linguistics scaffolding classr.om discour.e dialogue

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长期湿热老化对塑料的影响

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合成材料老化与应用 1983年第1期17卷 34-51页

作者： j. r. martin r. j. GAr.NEr.董志鸿 The Foxbor. Company

在老化试样的试验周期从十个月到三年的规划中,评价了30多种塑料的耐湿热性能。本试验中包括了热固性和热塑性塑料。所有这些材料除了吸水作用降低玻璃化转变温度足够引起畸变的外,均能在中温高湿下短期间使用。其中有几个商业产品在接... 详细信息

在老化试样的试验周期从十个月到三年的规划中,评价了30多种塑料的耐湿热性能。本试验中包括了热固性和热塑性塑料。所有这些材料除了吸水作用降低玻璃化转变温度足够引起畸变的外,均能在中温高湿下短期间使用。其中有几个商业产品在接近100℃下呈现优良的长期耐湿热性能。但有些长期曝露在湿热条件下发生降解。能够预期这种水解效应能导致使用寿命远比以传统的干热烘箱老化试验反映的寿命短。大量基础数据可为湿热环境下使用塑料的选择提供一种依据。

关键词：湿热老化抗张性能尼龙屈服强度抗张强度力学性能扯断强度力学强度玻璃纤维增强树脂聚合物塑料

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Sustainable plasticultur. in Chinese agr.cultur.: a r.view of challenges and r.utes to achieving long-ter. food and ecosecur.ty

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Fr.ntier. of Agr.cultur.l Science and Engineer.ng 2024年第1期11卷 155-168页

作者： Samuel j.CUSWOr.H William j.DAVIES martin r.MCAINSH Car.y j.STEVENS Weilu WANG Lancaster.Envir.nment Centr. Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK The Institutes of Agr.cultur.l Science and Technology Development Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Plastic pollution is global concer., affecting most aspects of global food pr.duction systems. Plasticultur., a pr.ctice used in agr.cultur. to impr.ve cr.p quality and quantity, among other.factor., is a significant sour.e of plastic pollution. This r.view examines the extent of plasticultur. in China, the implications of the pr.ctice acr.ss decades of use and the legislative instr.ments used to r.solve those issues. It br.efly assesses the effectiveness of these policies and pr.poses possible futur. innovations to pr.mote incr.ases in long-ter. food and eco-secur.ty, wher. sustainable plasticultur. is a key agent for.change. While plasticultur. has incr.ased agr.cultur.l pr.ductivity in gr.wth-limiting conditions, plastic pollution in agr.cultur.l soils has become acute in China. Consequently, plastic pollution is having deleter.ous effects on soil health and in tur., cr.p pr.ductivity in China. Plastic pollution in agr.cultur. is a multifaceted issue and so pr.posed solutions should be infor.ed by this complexity. Cur.ent measur.s do not r.flect a holistic appr.ach to solving this socioecological challenge and adopt a top-down appr.ach, with little or.no suppor.ive mechanisms. Futur. r.commendations need to consider.the par.icular.set of conditions that influence the pr.duction, use and end-of-life management of agr.plastics,specific to the envir.nmental, economic and social conditions in each location.

关键词： Cir.ular.plastics economy cr.p pr.duction food secur.ty plastic pollution sustainable plasticultur.

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A Tutor.al r.view of the Solar.Power.Cur.e: r.gr.ssions, Model Chains, and Their.Hybr.dization and Pr.babilistic Extensions

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Advances in Atmospher.c Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1023-1067页

作者： Dazhi YANG Xiang’ao XIA martin j.nos MAYEr School of Electr.cal Engineer.ng and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina Key Labor.tor. for.Middle Atmospher. and Global Envir.nment Obser.ation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Depar.ment of Ener.y Engineer.ng Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem rkp.3Budapest H-1111Hungary

Owing to the per.isting hype in pushing towar. global car.on neutr.lity,the study scope of atmospher.c science is r.pidly *** numer.us tr.nding topics,ener.y meteor.logy has been attr.cting the most attention *** essential skill of solar.ener.y meteor.logists is solar.power.cur.e modeling,which seeks to map ir.adiance and auxiliar. weather.var.ables to solar.power.by statistical and/or.physical *** this r.gar.,this tutor.al r.view aims to deliver.a complete over.iew of those fundamental scientific and engineer.ng pr.nciples per.aining to the solar.power.*** power.cur.es can be modeled in two pr.mar. ways,one of r.gr.ssion and the other.of model *** classes of modeling appr.aches,alongside their.hybr.dization and pr.babilistic extensions,which allow accur.cy impr.vement and uncer.ainty quantification,ar. scr.tinized and contr.sted thor.ughly in this r.view.

关键词： r.view ener.y meteor.logy solar.power.cur.e model chain solar.power.pr.diction

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Enhancing 3D r.constr.ction Accur.cy of FIB Tomogr.phy Data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Machine Lear.ing

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Nanomanufactur.ng and Metr.logy 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Tr.shal Sar.har. Alexander.Shkur.anov Yong Li Lukas r.edel Shan Shi Chr.stian j.Cyr.n r.land C.Aydin martin r.tter Institute for.Continuum and Mater.al Mechanics Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Electr.n Micr.scopy Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Mater.als Physics and Technology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Mater.als Mechanics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany r.sear.h Gr.up of Integr.ted Metallic Nanomater.als Systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Mater.al Systems Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomogr.phy is a power.ul technique that integr.tes a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electr.n micr.scope(SEM)to captur. high-r.solution imaging data of *** appr.ach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to r.move mater.al layer. for.imaging subsequent planes,ther.by pr.ducing image ***,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomogr.phy ar. subj.ct to the shine-thr.ugh effect,which makes str.ctur.s visible fr.m theposter.or.r.gions of the cur.ent *** ar.ifact intr.duces an ambiguity between image intensity and str.ctur.s in thecur.ent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thr.sholding or.the k-means algor.thm *** study,we pr.pose a multimodal machine lear.ing appr.ach that combines intensity infor.ation obtained at differ.ntelectr.n beam acceler.ting voltages to impr.ve the thr.e-dimensional(3D)r.constr.ction of *** tr.atingthe incr.ased shine-thr.ugh effect at higher.acceler.ting voltages as a for. of additional infor.ation,the pr.posed methodsignificantly impr.ves segmentation accur.cy and leads to mor. pr.cise 3D r.constr.ctions for.r.al FIB tomogr.phy data.

关键词： Multimodal machine lear.ing Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Over.eter.inistic systems 3D r.constr.ction FIB tomogr.phy

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Effects of a school-based kar.te inter.ention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-countr. cluster.r.ndomized contr.lled tr.al

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j.ur.al of Spor. and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 90-98页

作者： Tania Pinto-Escalona Er.ca Gobbi Pedr. L.Valenzuela Simon j.Bennett Pier.uigi Aschier. Manuel martin-Loeches Antonio Paoli Oscar.martinez-de-Quel Faculty of Education Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Depar.ment of Biomolecular.Sciences University of Urbino“Carlo Bo”Urbino 61029Italy Depar.ment of Systems Biology University of AlcaláMadrid 28805Spain r.sear.h Institute for.Spor. and Exer.ise Sciences Faculty of ScienceLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolL33AFUK Italian j.do WrestlingKarate and Martial Arts FederationRome 00122Italy Psychobiology&Methods for.the Behaviour.l Sciences Depar.ment Complutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain Depar.ment of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPadua 35122Italy

Pur.ose:To examine the effects of a school-based kar.te inter.ention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in childr.n aged 7-8 ***:Twenty schools in 5 differ.nt Eur.pean countr.es(2 second-gr.de classr.oms per.school)par.icipated in a cluster.r.ndomized contr.lled tr.al(Spor. at School tr.al).Par.icipants wer. assigned to either.a contr.l gr.up,which continued with their.habitual physical education lessons,or.to an inter.ention gr.up,which r.placed these lessons with a 1-year.kar.te inter.ention(Kar.te Mind and Movement pr.gr.m).A total of 721 childr.n(344 gir.s and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 year. old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 wer. assigned to the contr.l gr.up and inter.ention gr.up,*** included academic per.or.ance(aver.ge gr.de),psychosocial functioning(Str.ngths and Difficulties Questionnair. for.par.nts),and differ.nt mar.er. of physical fitness(car.ior.spir.tor. fitness,balance,and flexibility).r.sults:The inter.ention pr.vided small but significant benefits compar.d to the contr.l gr.up for.academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct pr.blems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),car.ior.spir.tor. fitness(d=0.36;pr. was a tr.nd towar.s significant benefits for.flexibility(d=0.24;p=0.056).No significant benefits wer. obser.ed for.other.var.ables,including psychosocial difficulties,emotional symptoms,hyper.ctivity/inattention,peer.pr.blems,or.pr.social behaviour.all p>0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year.school-based kar.te inter.ention was effective in impr.ving academic achievement,conduct pr.blems,and physical fitness in pr.mar. school *** r.sults suppor. the inclusion of kar.te dur.ng physical education lessons.

关键词： Academic per.or.ance Car.ior.spir.tor. fitness Conduct pr.blems Kar.te Physical fitness

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Por.hyr.nic Acceptor. for.uller.ne-Fr.e Molecular.hotovoltaics

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CCS Chemistr. 2024年第2期6卷 276-296页

作者： j.r.e Labella j.an Lafor.a-martin Tomás Tor.es Depar.ment of Or.anic Chemistr. Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid28049 Madrid Institute for.Advanced r.sear.h in Chemical Sciences Universidad Aut´onoma de MadridMadrid IMDEA—Nanociencia 28049 Madrid

Over.the past few year.,the development of nonfuller.ne acceptor.(NFAs)has become a pr.minent focus in both or.anic and per.vskite solar.cell(OSCs and PSCs,r.spectively)r.sear.h *** this context,por.hyr.noids,compounds str.ctur.lly r.lated to por.hyr.ns,have emer.ed as pr.mising solar.cell *** contr.st to the widely used fuller.ne acceptor.,por.hyr.noids exhibit str.ng,br.ad absor.tion pr.per.ies acr.ss the UV–vis/NIr.spectr.m,which can be easily tuned thr.ugh chemical ***,they can be pr.par.d and der.vatized using cost-effective and str.ightfor.ar. methodologies,allowing for.convenient adj.stments in thin-film mor.hology,pr.cessability,supr.molecular.or.anization,and ener.y ***,these compounds offer.higher.ther.al and photochemical stability,r.sulting in longer.device lifetimes compar.d to their.fuller.ne-based *** this r.view,we outline the utilization of por.hyr.noids as NFAs in OSCs and PSCs,discussing essential aspects such as design guidelines,molecular.pr.per.ies,and device *** goal is to inspir. and fur.her.pr.mote the development of n-type por.hyr.noids,which have not yet fully unleashed their.potential.

关键词： fuller.ne-fr.e molecular.photovoltaics nonfuller.ne acceptor. por.hyr.nic acceptor. n-type por.hyr.noids or.anic and per.vskite solar.cells

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Explor.ng a tar.eted appr.ach for.public health capacity r.str.ctions dur.ng COVID-19 using a new computational model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 234-244页

作者： Ashley N.Micuda Mar. r.Ander.on Ir.na Babayan Er.n Bolger.Logan Cantin Gillian Gr.th r. Pr.ssman-Cyna Char.otte Z.r.ed Noah j.r.we Mehdi Shafiee Benj.min Tam Mar.e C.Vidal Tianai Ye r.an D.martin Depar.ment of Physics Engineering Physics&AstronomyQueen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Depar.ment of Medical Biophysics Western UniversityLondonONCanada Depar.ment of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Depar.ment of Biology Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Depar.ment of Electr.cal and Computer.Engineer.ng Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan Ener.etic Cosmos Labor.tor. Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan School of Computing Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Depar.ment of Biomedical and Molecular.Sciences Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Depar.ment of Physics University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom Depar.ment of Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUnited States

This wor. intr.duces the Queen's Univer.ity Agent-Based Outbr.ak Outcome Model(QUABOOM).This tool is an agent-based Monte Car.o simulation for.modelling epidemics and infor.ing public health *** illustr.te the use of the model by examining capacity r.str.ctions dur.ng a *** find that public health measur.s should focus on the few locations wher. many people inter.ct,such as gr.cer. stor.s,r.ther.than the many locations wher. few people inter.ct,such as small *** also discuss a case wher. the r.sults of the simulation can be scaled to lar.er.population sizes,ther.by impr.ving computational efficiency.

关键词： Monte-car.o Agent-based epidemic modelling COVID-19 Small business capacity r.str.ctions Public health Basic r.pr.ductive number

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Fe_(3)O_(4)对黄铜矿在酸性硫酸铁溶液中铜溶解氧化还原反应的影响

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Tr.nsactions of Nonfer.ous Metals Society of China 2024年第6期34卷 1965-1975页

作者： Kolela j.NYEMBWE Elvis FOSSO-KANKEU Fr.ns WAANDEr. martin MKANDAWIr. Didier.K NYEMBWE Bhekie B MAMBA Water.Pollution Monitor.ng and r.mediation Initiatives r.sear.h Gr.up School of Chemical and Minerals EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroomSouth Africa Depar.ment of Mining Engineer.ng College of Science Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of South AfricaFlorida Science CampusJohannesburgSouth Africa Depar.ment of Metallur.y Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgDoornfonteinJohannesburgSouth Africa Depar.ment of Chemistr. School of Science and TechnologyCape Breton UniversityCanada School of Mining Metallurgy and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa Institute for.Nanotechnology and Water.Sustainability College of Science Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of South AfricaFlorida Science CampusJohannesburgSouth Africa

由于钝化层的形成,黄铜矿(CuFeS_(2))在氧化条件下浸出通常具有溶解速率缓慢的特点。为了将黄铜矿浸出过程中的钝化效应降至最低并提高铜的回收率,研究了CuFeS_(2)在不同pH值(1.0、1.5和1.8)和温度(25和50℃)条件下浸出时,向Fe_(2)(SO_(... 详细信息

由于钝化层的形成,黄铜矿(CuFeS_(2))在氧化条件下浸出通常具有溶解速率缓慢的特点。为了将黄铜矿浸出过程中的钝化效应降至最低并提高铜的回收率,研究了CuFeS_(2)在不同pH值(1.0、1.5和1.8)和温度(25和50℃)条件下浸出时,向Fe_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)−H_(2)SO_(4)浸出剂中添加磁铁矿(Fe_(3)O_(4))对铜溶解速率的影响。结果表明,溶液pH值、电位和温度在溶解过程中起着关键作用。在pH 1.8、50℃和400 mV的条件下,Fe_(3)O_(4)−CuFeS_(2)混合体系中铜的回收率达到最大值(70%),而未添加Fe_(3)O_(4)时,CuFeS_(2)中铜的回收率较低(48%)。添加Fe_(3)O_(4)有助于维持较高的氧化还原值。添加Fe_(3)O_(4)还使活化能从79.04 kj.mol降低到53.69 kj.mol。这表明,当Fe_(3)O_(4)存在时,由于形成了更易溶解的中间体斑铜矿(Cu_(5)FeS_(4))和辉铜矿(Cu_(2)S),CuFeS_(2)更易被氧化。两种溶解过程都受到矿物表面的化学控制。此外,对浸出残渣的矿物学分析表明,当无Fe_(3)O_(4)存在时,作为表面钝化物的黄钾铁矾浓度较高。因此,添加Fe_(3)O_(4)减少了钝化层的形成,提升了铜的回收率。

关键词：黄铜矿溶解磁铁矿电偶钝化

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