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Caulerpa okamurae extract attenuates inflammatory interaction,regulates glucose metabolism and increases insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages

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j.urnal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第3期18卷 253-264页

作者： Bikash Manandhar Hyun j.ng Kim Dong young Rhyu Department of Oriental Medicine Resources and Institute of Korean Herbal Medicine Industry Mokpo National UniversityJeonnam 58554South Korea College of Pharmacy Mokpo National UniversityJeonnam 58554South Korea

Obj.ctive: To examine whether Caulerpa okamurae ethanolic extract(COE) could inhibit obesitymediated inflammation, improve glucose metabolism and increase insulin sensitivity, using in vitro cell models of RAW 264.7 macrophages and 3 T3-L1 ***: We cocultured 3 T3-L1 adipocytes in direct contact with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and induced insulin resistance in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes with tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a) in the presence or absence of 250 mg/m L of COE. We investigated various markers of inflammation, glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity in these models using Griess reagent to measure nitric oxide(NO) production, 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxyglucose to measure glucose uptake, Western blot analysis to quantify protein expression and reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction to evaluate m RNA ***: We found that COE(250 mg/m L) significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages by downregulating NO production, nitric oxide synthase 2 expression and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-j.B. COE also showed similar anti-inflammatory activity in coculture, along with decreased TNF-a, interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein m RNA expression. In addition, COE also improved glucose uptake in coculture by upregulating glucose transporter-4(GLUT-4) and adiponectin and reducing serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS1). In the TNF-a-induced insulin resistance model of 3 T3-L1 adipocytes, COE significantly improved both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, accompanied by phosphorylation of IRS1 at tyrosine 632, phospho-50 adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase a and glycogen synthase kinase-3 b(Ser9) as well as upregulation of ***: Together, these findings suggest that COE has potential to treat or prevent obesity-induced metabolic disorders.

关键词： Caulerpa okamurae RAW 264.7 macrophages 3T3-L1 adipocytes Coculture Metabolic disorder

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以田鼠作为动物模型来研究社会行为的进化:基因、脑与行为(英文)

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动物学报 2004年第4期50卷 479-489页

作者： Miranda M. LIM Elizabeth A.D. HAMMOCK Larry j. young Center for Behavioral Neuroscience Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30322 USACenter for Behavioral Neuroscience Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30322 USACenter for Behavioral Neuroscience Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA 30322 USA

田鼠属的一些近缘种间具有独特的社会行为多态性。例如Microtusochrogaster和M .pinetorum为一夫一妻制 ,而M .montanus和M .pennsylvanicus则为独居和一夫多妻制。无论是在野外还是人工饲养的条件下 ,单配制的田鼠其雌、雄成年个体一... 详细信息

田鼠属的一些近缘种间具有独特的社会行为多态性。例如Microtusochrogaster和M .pinetorum为一夫一妻制 ,而M .montanus和M .pennsylvanicus则为独居和一夫多妻制。无论是在野外还是人工饲养的条件下 ,单配制的田鼠其雌、雄成年个体一经交配即在两者之间形成长期的配偶关系并且双亲共同哺育后代。已证明神经多肽加压素 (Vasopressin)参与了田鼠单配制行为的神经调控。本篇综述了过去以及近期关于加压素调控田鼠配偶关系形成的研究结果和进展。首先 ,阐述了加压素V1a受体 (V1aR)在脑分布的种间差异 ,并以此来鉴别特定脑区在配偶关系形成中的功能 ;其次 ,探讨了运用V1aR拮抗物的药理学方法来决定究竟哪些脑区参与配偶关系的形成 ,还描述了田鼠种间V1aR基因结构和功能的不同 ,以及这些不同对V1aR在大脑的分布和行为调控潜在的作用机制 ;最后 ,讨论了最新的研究结果 ,即对一夫多妻制田鼠进行脑V1aR基因的改造 ,从而使之表现出一夫一妻制田鼠的行为。总之。

关键词：田鼠动物模型社会行为进化基因脑

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Burn inj.ry differentially alters whole-blood and organ glutathione synthesis rates: An experimental model

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Burns & Trauma 2013年第2期1卷 87-94页

作者： Zhe-Wei Fei Vernon R. young Xiao-Ming Lu Andrew B. Rhodes Ronald G.Tompkins Alan j. Fischman Yong-Ming Yu Shriners Burns Hospital and Burn & Trauma Service Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 Shriners Burns Hospital and Burn & Trauma Service Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 Laboratory of Human Nutrition Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02142 USA

Previous studies from our laboratories revealed a reduced rate of whole-blood (WB) glutathione (GSH) synthesis in severely burned patients. To determine whether WB GSH metabolism is an indicator of the status of GSH metabolism in one or more of the maj.r organs, we used a burn rabbit model to determine GSH concentrations and rates of synthesis in WB, liver, lungs, kidney, and skeletal muscle. L-[1-13C]-cysteine was infused intravenously for 6 h in rabbits at 3 days post-burn and in sham burn controls. WB and organ 13C-enrichment of cysteine and GSH was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Plasma cysteine metabolic flux was increased significantly (P j.ry. WB, liver, and lung GSH concentrations (P = 0.054, P j.ry. Hence, there is a differential impact of burn inj.ry on tissue and organ GSH status, with WB qualitatively reflecting the changes in lung and liver. It will be important to determine whether these changes are due to alterations in the intrinsic capacity for GSH synthesis and/or availability of amino acid precursors of GSH.

关键词： Burn inj.ry glutathione glutathione concentration synthesis rate whole blood

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Effect of saline water ionic strength on phosphorus recovery from synthetic swine wastewater

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 81-91页

作者： Zhipeng Zhang Bing Li Filicia Wicaksana Wei Yu Brent young Department of Chemical&Materials Engineering University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand

Declining worldwide phosphate rock reserves has driven a growing interest in exploration of alternative phosphate supplies. This study involved phosphorus recovery from swine wastewater through precipitation of struvite, a valuable slow-release fertiliser. The economic feasibility of this process is highly dependent on the cost of magnesium source. Two different magnesium sources were used for phosphorus recovery: pure magnesium chloride and nanofiltration(NF) saline water retentate. The paper focuses on the impact of ionic strength on phosphorus recovery performance that has not been reported elsewhere. Experimental design with five numerical variables(Mg/P molar ratio, pH, PO_(4)^(3-)-P, NH_(4)^(+)-N, and Ca^(2+) levels) and one categorical variable(type of magnesium source) was used to evaluate the effect of ionic strength on phosphorus removal and struvite purity. The experimental data were analysed using analysis of variance(ANOVA) and principal component analysis(PCA). Results indicated that a magnesium source obtained from NF retentate was as effective as MgCl_(2) for struvite precipitation. It was also revealed that ionic strength had a more positive effect on struvite purity than on phosphorus removal. Within the range of parameters studied in this research, high ionic strength, high p H and wastewater with high phosphate, high ammonium and low calcium contents were found to be the most favourable conditions for struvite precipitation. Findings from this study will be beneficial to determine the feasibility of using high ionic strength saline water, such as NF seawater retentate, as a magnesium source for phosphorus recovery from wastewater that is rich in ammoniumnitrogen and phosphate.

关键词： Phosphorus recovery Struvite Ionic strength Wastewater Nanofiltration retentate

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GIGANTEA Shapes the Photoperiodic Rhythms of Thermomorphogenic Growth in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第3期13卷 459-470页

作者： young-j.on Park j.e young Kim j.ne-Hee Lee Byoung-Doo Lee Nam-Chon Paek Chung-Mo Park Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Plant Science Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea These authors contributed equally to this article

Plants maintain their internal temperature under environments with fluctuating temperatures by adj.sting their morphology and architecture,an adaptive process termed ***,the rhythmic patterns of plant thermomorphogenesis are governed by day-length ***,it remains elusive how thermomorphogenic rhythms are regulated by ***,we show that warm temperatures enhance the accumulation of the chaperone GIGANTEA(Gl),which thermostabilizes the DELLA protein,REPRESSOR OF ga1-3(RGA),under long days,thereby attenuating PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4(PIF4)-mediated *** contrast,under short days,when Gl accumulation is reduced,RGA is readily degraded through the gibberellic acid-mediated ubiquitination-proteasome pathway,promoting thermomorphogenic *** data indicate that the GI-RGA-PIF4 signaling module enables plant thermomorphogenic responses to occur in a day-length-dependent *** propose that the Gl-mediated integration of photoperiodic and temperature information shapes thermomorphogenic rhythms,which enable plants to adapt to diel fluctuations in day length and temperature during seasonal transitions.

关键词： thermomorphogenesis day length Gl RGA PIF4

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Ion shielding functional separator using halloysite containing a negative functional moiety for stability improvement of Li–S batteries

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j.urnal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第9期30卷 334-340页

作者： Yong Min Kwon j.hoon Kim Kuk young Cho Sukeun Yoon Division of Advanced Materials Engineering&Institute for Rare Metals Kongju National UniversityChungnam 31080Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversityGyeonggi 15588Republic of Korea

Lithium–sulfur batteries are one of the attractive next-generation energy storage systems owing to theienvironmental friendliness,low cost,and high specific energy ***,the low electrical conductivity of sulfur,shuttling of soluble intermediate polysulfides between electrodes,and low capacitretention have hampered their commercial *** address these issues,we use a halloysitemodulated(H-M)separator in a lithium–sulfur battery to mitigate the shuttling *** H-M separator acts as a mutual Coulombic repulsion in lithium-sulfur batteries,thereby selectively permitting Lions and efficiently suppressing the transfer of undesired lithium polysulfides to the Li anode sideMoreover,the use of halloysite switches the surface of the separator from hydrophobic to hydrophilicconsequently improving the electrolyte wettability and adhesion between the separator and cathodeWhen sulfur-multi-walled carbon nanotube(S-MWCNT)composites are used as cathode active materialsa lithium–sulfur battery with an H-M separator exhibits first discharge and charge capacities of 1587 an1527 m Ah g-1,***,there is a consistent capacity retention up to 100 cyclesAccordingly,our approach demonstrates an economical and easily accessible strategy for commercialization of lithium–sulfur batteries.

关键词： Li–S batteries Halloysite Ion shielding Negative functional moiety Lithium polysulfides

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A unified formulation of optimal guidance-to-collision law for accelerating and decelerating targets

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Chinese j.urnal of Aeronautics 2022年第7期35卷 40-54页

作者： young-Won KIM Boseok KIM Chang-Hun LEE Shaoming HE Department of Aerospace Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

This paper provides a unified formulation of optimal guidance-to-collision law for a target with an arbitrary acceleration or *** collision course for general target acceleration or deceleration is first determined from the engagement geometry in conj.nction with the nonlinear engagement kinematics in the proposed *** heading error defined in the collision course is then adopted as a variable to be nullified for accomplishing the intercept *** proposed guidance law is derived based on the heading error dynamics and the optimal error dynamics to ensure optimality and finite-time *** illustrative examples,the proposed guidance command for a constant target acceleration and a target deceleration in the form of a quadratic function of speed are ***,the time-to-go prediction method is suggested for implementing the proposed *** characteristics of the proposed guidance command are analytically investigated to provide insight into the proposed *** key benefits of the proposed method lie in not producing unnecessary guidance commands near a target compared to other methods and ensuring optimality in guidance command even in the nonlinear engagement ***,numerical simulations are performed to validate the proposed method and to show our findings.

关键词： Guidance-to-collision law Optimal guidance Optimal error dynamics Target acceleration or deceleration Unified formulation

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LiTFSI salt concentration effect to digest lithium polysulﬁdes for high-loading sulfur electrodes

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j.urnal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 574-581,I0015页

作者： j.n-Kwang Song Moonsoo Kim Seongbae Park young-j.n Kim SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Department of Nano Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Sulfur utilization improvement and control of dissolved lithium polysulﬁde(LiPS;Li_(2)S x,2 详细信息

Sulfur utilization improvement and control of dissolved lithium polysulﬁde(LiPS;Li_(2)S x,2

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Electrolyte concentration Li2S deposition High-loading sulfur electrode

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Retrieval of the Single Scattering Albedo of Asian Dust Mixed with Pollutants Using Lidar Observations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第6期31卷 1417-1426页

作者： Sungkyun SHIN young Min NOH Kwonho LEE Hanlim LEE Detlef MLLER Y.j.KIM Kwanchul KIM Dongho SHIN School of Environmental Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyKorea Department of Geoinformatics Engineering Kyungil UniversityKorea Department of Spatial Information Engineering Pukyong National UniversityKorea Science System and Applications Inc. NASA Langley Research CenterUSA University of Hertfordshire United Kingdom

The vertical distribution of single scattering albedos （SSAs） of Asian dust mixed with pollutants was derived using the multi-wavelength Raman lidar observation system at Gwangj. （35.10°N,126.53°E）.Vertical profiles of both backscatter and extinction coefficients for dust and non-dust aerosols were extracted from a mixed Asian dust plume using the depolarization ratio from lidar *** profiles of backscatter and extinction coefficients of non-dust particles were input into an inversion algorithm to retrieve the SSAs of non-dust *** aerosol layers at different heights had different light-absorbing *** SSAs of non-dust particles at each height varied with aerosol type,which was either urban/industrial pollutants from China transported over long distances at high altitude,or regional/local pollutants from the Korean *** advantage of independent profiles of SSAs of non-dust particles,vertical profiles of SSAs of Asian dust mixed with pollutants were estimated for the first time,with a new approach suggested in this study using an empirical determination of the SSA of pure *** SSAs of the Asian dust-pollutants mixture within the planetary boundary layer （PBL） were in the range 0.88-0.91,while the values above the PBL were in the range 0.76-0.87,with a very low mean value of 0.76 ± *** total mixed dust plume SSAs in each aerosol layer were integrated over height for comparison with results from the Aerosol Robotics Network （AERONET） *** of SSA retrieved from lidar observations of 0.92 ± 0.01 were in good agreement with the results from AERONET measurements.

关键词： lidar Asian dust depolarization ratio microphysical properties single scattering albedo

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Use of various MgO resources for high-purity Mg metal production through molten salt electrolysis and vacuum distillation

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j.urnal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 562-579页

作者： Hyeong-j.n j.oung Tae-Hyuk Lee youngj.e Kim j.n-young Lee young Min Kim Toru HOkabe Kyung-Woo Yi j.ngshin Kang Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources 124 Gwahak-ro Yuseong-guDaejeon 34132South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul 08826South Korea Department of Resources Engineering University of Science and Technology217 Gajeong-ro Yuseong-guDaejeon 34113South Korea Korea Institute of Materials Science 797 Changwondae-roSeongsan-guChangwonGyeongnam 51508South Korea Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo4-6-1 KomabaMeguro-kuTokyo 153-8505Japan School of Materials Science and Engineering Pusan National University2 Busandaehak-roGeumjeong-guBusan 44241South Korea

A green and effective electrolytic process was developed to produce high-purity Mg metal using primary and secondary resources containing Mg O as a feedstock. The electrolysis of various Mg O resources was conducted using a Cu cathode in MgF2– LiF – KCl molten salt at 1043 K by applying an average current of 1.44 A for 12.5 h. The electrolysis of calcined North Korean magnesite and seawater Mg O clinker yielded Mg alloys of MgCu2and(Cu) phases with current efficiencies of 89.6–92.4%. The electrolysis of oxidized Mg O-C refractory brick, aged ferronickel slag, and ferronickel slag yielded Mg alloys of MgCu2and(Cu) phases with current efficiencies of 59.3–92.3%. The vacuum distillation of Mg alloys obtained was conducted at 1300 K for 10 h to produce high-purity Mg metal. After vacuum distillation, Mg metal with a purity of above 99.994% was obtained. Therefore, this study demonstrates the feasibility of the production of high-purity Mg metal from various Mg O resources using a novel electrolytic process with a Cu cathode, followed by vacuum distillation.

关键词： High-purity magnesium Magnesium oxide resources Electrolytic process Metal cathode Vacuum distillation

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