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Com.arison of trigem.nal lateralization with differing stim.lants

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World j.urnal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery 2024年第1期10卷 66-69页

作者： Tiffany Chen Nicolas s.Poupore m.chael C.shih Thom.s s.Edwards shaun A.Nguyen Zachary m.soler Rodney j.schlosser Departm.nt of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA

Trigem.nal-specific stim.lants have been shown to activate different receptors preferentially and this likely accounts for variation in sensory perception.It is unclear whether trigem.nal sensitivity is sim.lar across different transient receptor potential(TRP)receptors or if dysfunction of different receptors results in differing patient sym.tom..Therefore,a prospective cohort study was conducted,consisting of trigem.nal lateralization testing with three different stim.lants(eucalyptol,isothiocyanate,acetic acid),olfaction testing with sniffin'sticks,and m.asurem.nt of various patient‐reported outcom. m.asures(PROm.).A total of 50 participants were enrolled across the olfactory spectrum.m.an TDI score was 27.1±8.3(range 7.0–39.5)with 38%norm.sm.c and 62%dysosm.c.m.an trigem.nal lateralization scores out of 20 in the overall cohort were 16.18(2.78)for eucalyptol,14.94(3.49)for m.stard oil,and 15.28(3.68)for vinegar.Eucalyptol showed a significant correlation with threshold scores of sniffin'sticks.A significant correlation was found between acetic acid and various PROm..None of the lateralization scores of the trigem.nal stim.lants correlated to each other significantly and there was no correlation to age.The lack of correlation suggests that the m.asured sensitivity of one type of TRP receptor m.y not translate to sim.lar sensitivity of the other receptors.Additional investigations with TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists are needed to corroborate our findings.

关键词： chem.sensory olfaction trigem.nal TRP receptor

Com.lexed am.no acid m.nerals vs. bis-glycinate chelated m.nerals:Im.act on the perform.nce of old laying hens

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Anim.l Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： m.rcos j.B.santos m.ria C.m.m.Ludke Leandro m.silva Carlos B.V.Rabello m.rcia R.Barros Fabiano s.Costa Clariana s.santos j.m.lle s.s.Wanderley Departm.nt of Anim.l science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco Departm.nt of Veterinary science Rural Federal University of Pernambuco

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace m.nerals(Zn, m., and Cu) from.com.lexed am.no acid m.nerals(Zm.AA) and bis-glycinate chelated m.nerals(Zm.Gly) in laying hen diets on perform.nce,internal and external egg quality, yolk m.neral deposition, intestinal m.rphom.try, and bone characteristics. From.78 to 98 weeks of age, 400 White LsL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a random.zed design with 4 treatm.nts with 10 replicates per treatm.nt. Treatm.nts were distributed in a 2 ×2 factorial arrangem.nt using either Zn, m., and Cu of Zm.AA or Zm.Gly source at 2 levels: low(20, 20,and 3.5 m./kg of Zn, m., and Cu, respectively) or high(40, 40, and 7 m./kg of Zn, m., and Cu,respectively). The analysis of variance was perform.d, and in cases where differences were observed, the m.ans were com.ared using Tukey?s test(P source and level of trace m.neral supplem.ntation had a significant im.act on the perform.nce of laying hens. Hens fed Zm.AA had higher egg production(P = 0.01), egg weight(P = 0.02), egg m.ss(P = 0.01), and lower feed conversion ratio(P =0.05) com.ared to those fed Zm.Gly. The Zm.AA supplem.ntation showed higher album.n height(P =0.01), album.n weight(P = 0.01), and eggshell thickness(P sition of Zn(P m.(Ps greater for hens received Zm.AA. Tibia weight(P = 0.04)and bone densitom.try(P m.AA supplem.ntation. In the sm.ll intestine, Zm.AA resulted in longer villi(P = 0.02) and shorter crypt depth(P = 0.01) in the duodenum.j.j.num.and ileum.m.asurem.nts were influenced by the level and source of trace m.nerals(P s fed Zm.AA exhibited superior perform.nce, egg quality, deposition of trace m.nerals in the egg yolk, and bone density com.ared to hens fed Zm.Gly. In this study, older laying hens supplem.nted with Zm.AA at lower levels dem.nstrated adequate levels of supplem.ntation.

关键词： Bis-glycinates m.tal-am.no acids Radiodensity Trace m.nerals

Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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World j.urnal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： j.rge A.Gutierrez III j.rem. L.Barth Rodney j.schlosser Thom.s s.Edwards Tim.thy L.sm.th Zachary m.soler Departm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Departm.nt of Regenerative m.dicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Departm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Obj.ctives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRs)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflam.ation of the olfactory cleft m.cosa plays a contributory role.The purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate m.cosal specim.ns,com.aring norm.sm.c and dysosm.c CRs patients without polyps(CRssNP).m.thods:Tissue sam.les were obtained from.the superior turbinates of patients with CRssNP at the tim. of endoscopic sinus surgery.sam.les subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosm.c(n=7)and norm.sm.c(n=4)patients.Results:Differential gene expression analysis com.aring dysosm.c and norm.sm.c CRssNP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 genes.Using stringent criteria for m.ltiple com.arisons,one upregulated gene(Im.ediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adj.stedP value considered statistically significant(Pm. functional analysis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosm.c and norm.sm.c patients(Psignaling,IL-10 signaling,and rhodopsin-like receptors.Conclusions:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRssNP can provide valuable inform.tion regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory dysfunction.This study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflam.ation m.y play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least som. patients with CRssNP.This study also prom.ts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing

Does the Redshift Distribution of swift Long GRBs Trace the star-Form.tion Rate?

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International j.urnal of Astronom. and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 20-44页

作者： Ali m. Hasan Walid j. Azzam Departm.nt of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir Bahrain

Gam.a-ray bursts (GRBs) are extrem.ly powerful explosions that have been traditionally classified into two categories: long bursts (LGRBs) with an observed duration T90 > 2 s, and short bursts (sGRBs) with an observed... 详细信息

Gam.a-ray bursts (GRBs) are extrem.ly powerful explosions that have been traditionally classified into two categories: long bursts (LGRBs) with an observed duration Tsub>90 sub>> 2 s, and short bursts (sGRBs) with an observed duration Tsub>90sub> Tsub>90sub> is the tim. interval during which 90% of the fluence is detected. LGRBs are believed to em.nate from.the core-collapse of m.ssive stars, while sGRBs are believed to result from.the m.rging of two com.act obj.cts, like two neutron stars. Because LGRBs are produced by the violent death of m.ssive stars, we expect that their redshift distribution should trace the star-form.tion rate (sFR). The purpose of our study is to investigate the extent to which the redshift distribution of LGRBs follows and reflects the sFR. We use a sam.le of 370 LGRBs taken from.the swift catalog, and we investigate different m.dels for the LGRB redshift distribution. We also carry out m.nte Carlo sim.lations to check the consistency of our results. Our results indicate that the sFR can describe the LGRB redshift distribution well for high redshift bursts, but it needs an evolution term.to fit the distribution well at low redshift.

关键词： Gam.a-Ray Bursts Redshift Distribution star-Form.tion Rate

Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasm. slab produced in a gas j.t by the collision of two laser-driven hydrodynam.c shockwaves

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： j.-R.m.rquès L.Lancia P.Loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni m.Tarisien E.Atukpor V.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli j.Dom.nge F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï m.salvadori B.Zielbauer LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéParis-saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GsI Helm.oltzzentrum.für schwerionenforschung Gm.H Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of Darm.tadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear safety Departm.nt C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéParis-saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We have recently proposed a new technique of plasm. tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynam.c shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas j.t[m.rquès et al.,Phys.Plasm.s 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this num.rical work,we study experim.ntally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driven by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas j.t.Without tailoring,the acceleration is transverse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum.produced by Coulom. explosion.When the front side of the gas j.t is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasm. are tailored.This forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum.and is in good agreem.nt with the m.chanism.of collisionless shock acceleration(CsA).The spatiotem.oral evolution of the plasm. profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe beam.The refraction and absorption of this beam.are sim.lated by post-processing 3D hydrodynam.c sim.lations of the plasm. tailoring.Com.arison with the experim.ntal results allows estim.tion of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasm. slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas j.t.These param.ters are in good agreem.nt with those required for CsA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynam.c collision

The CCD instrum.nt background of the sm.LE sXI

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 15-24页

作者： m.W.j.Hubbard O.Hetherington D.j.Hall T.W.Buggey s.Parsons T.Arnold A.Holland C.Pagani s.sem.ay Centre for Electronic Im.ging The Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK X-ray and Observational Astronom. Group Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLE17RHUK

The EsA and CAs sm.LE m.ssion orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through m.ltiple radiation environm.nts.The soft X-ray Im.ger(sXI)instrum.nt aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrounding radiation flux is high.The shutter door will close when passing below an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the Earth’s Van Allen Belts.Therefore,two radiation environm.nts can be approxim.ted based on the shutter door position:open and closed.The instrum.nt background for the CCDs(Charge-Coupled Devices)that form.the focal plane array of the sXI were evaluated for the two environm.nts.Due to the correlation of the space environm.nt with the solar cycle,the solar m.nim. and m.xim.,the background was also evaluated at these two extrem.s.The results dem.nstrated that the highest instrum.nt background will occur during solar m.nim. due to the m.in contributing source being Galactic Cosm.c Rays(GCRs).It was also found that the open background was highest for solar m.nim. and that the closed background was highest during solar m.xim..This is due to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCRs between the two solar extrem.s.

关键词： instrum.nt background X-ray astronom. space radiation

sm.LE soft X-ray Im.ger flight m.del CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： s.Parsons D.j.Hall O.Hetherington T.W.Buggey T.Arnold m.W.j.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Im.ging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the sm.LE m.ssion the satellite will be bom.arded by radiation which gradually dam.ges the focal plane devices and degrades their perform.nce.In order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Im.ger,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline perform.nce level.Three CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa re.This has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom.m.asure m.nt facility.The results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tem.e rature.However at the nom.nal ope rating tem.e rature(-120℃) it is within the procure m.nt specifications.Overall,the devices m.et the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned fram. transfer science m.de.The se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with tem.erature in full fram. m.de.However any charge losses are recovered when binning/fram. transfer is im.lem.nted.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray im.ger characterisation sm.LE

Com.arative analysis of m.crostructure,m.chanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable m.-3Y alloy prepared by selective laser m.lting and spark plasm. sintering

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j.urnal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.m.nárik m.Zem.ová s.Šašek j.Dittrich m.Knapek F.Lukáˇc D.Koutný j.j.roš R.Král Faculty of m.them.tics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic Research Centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasm. Physics of the Czech Academ. of sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of m.chine and Industrial Design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable m.gnesium.alloy m.-3Y preparation by two m.dern powder m.tallurgy techniques–spark plasm. sintering(sPs)and selective laser m.lting(sLm..The powder m.terial was consolidated by both m.thods utilising optim.sed param.ters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the sLm.m.terial and unm.asurably low porosity in the sPs m.terial.The m.in aim.of the study was the thorough m.crostructure characterisation and interrelation between the m.crostructure and the functional properties,such as m.chanical strength,deform.bility,and corrosion resistance.Both m.terials showed com.arable strength of∼110 m.a in tension and com.ression and relatively good deform.bility of∼9%and∼21%for the sLm.and sPs m.terials,respectively.The corrosion resistance of the sPs m.terial in 0.1 m.NaCl solution was superior to the sLm.one and com.arable to the conventional extruded m.terial.The digital im.ge correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dom.nant negative effect on the functional properties of the sLm.m.terial.On the other hand,one of the prim.ry outcom.s of this study is that the sPs consolidation m.thod is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,resulting in m.terial with convenient m.chanical and degradation properties that m.ght find practical applications.

关键词： m.gnesium Yttrium Powder m.tallurgy m.crostructure m.chanical strength Corrosion resistance

Concentration of Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadm.um. and Nickel in the Incinerator Bottom.Ash in Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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j.urnal of Geoscience and Environm.nt Protection 2024年第6期12卷 90-114页

作者： m.riithi j. Githinj. Paul m. Nj.gu Zipporah Nganga m.ham.d Karam. Institute of Tropical m.dicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROm.D) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environm.ntal Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Academ.c Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya school of Public Health Amref International University Nairobi Kenya

Healthcare wastes contain potentially harm.ul m.croorganism., inorganic and organic com.ounds that pose a risk to hum.n health and the environm.nt. Incineration is a com.on m.thod em.loyed in healthcare waste m.nagem.nt to reduce volum., quantity, toxicity as well as elim.nation of m.croorganism.. However, som. of the substances rem.in unchanged during incineration and becom. part of bottom.ash, such as heavy m.tals and persistent organic pollutants. m.nitoring of pollution by heavy m.tals is im.ortant since their concentrations in the environm.nt affect public health. The goal of this study was to determ.ne the levels of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) Lead (Pb), Cadm.um.(Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in the incinerator bottom.ash in five selected County hospitals in Kenya. Bottom.ash sam.les were collected over a period of six m.nths. sam.le preparation and treatm.nt were done using standard m.thods. Analysis of the heavy m.tals were done using atom.c absorption spectrophotom.ter, m.del AA-6200. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was perform.d to determ.ne whether there were significant differences on the m.an levels of Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Ni in incinerator bottom.ash from.the five sam.ling locations. A post-hoc Tukey’s Test (HsD) was used to determ.ne if there were significant differences between and within sam.les. The significant differences were accepted at p ≤ 0.05. To standardize the results, overall m.an of each m.tal from.each site was calculated. The m.tal m.an concentration values were com.ared with existing perm.ssible levels set by the WHO. The concentrations (m./kg) were in the range of 102.27 - 192.53 for Cu, Zn (131.68 - 2840.85), Pb (41.06 - 303.96), Cd (1.92 - 20.49) whereas Ni was (13.83 - 38.27) with a m.an of 150.76 ± 77.88 for Copper, 131.66 ± 1598.95 for Zinc, 234.60 ± 262.76 for Lead, 12.256 ± 10.86 for Cadm.um.and 29.45 ± 18.24 for Nickel across the five sam.ling locations. There were significant differences between levels determ.ned by one-way ANOVA of Zn (F (4, 25) = 6.893, p = 0.001, p ≤ 0.05) and Cd (

关键词： Healthcare Waste Disposal Public Health Environm.nt Incineration Heavy m.tals Bottom.Ash