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Neurochemistry as a bridge between morphol.gy and behavior： Perspectives on aggression in insects

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Current Zool.gy 2014年第6期60卷 778-790页

作者： Andrew N. BUBAK j.ime l. GRACE Michael.j. WATT Kenneth j. RENNER j.hn G. SWAl.OW Neuroscience Program University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO 80045 USA Department of Integrative Biol.gy University of Colorado-Denver Denver CO 80217-3364 USA Center for Brain and Behavior Research Basic Biomedical Sciences University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA Department of Biol.gy University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA

Aggression is a common behavioral.trait shared in many animal., incl.ding both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the type and intensity of agonistic encounters and displ.ys can vary widel. both across and within species, resul.ing in compl.cated or subj.ctive interpretations that create difficul.ies in devel.ping theoretical.model. that can be widel. appl.ed. The need to easil. and obj.ctivel. identify quantifiabl. behaviors and their associated morphol.gies becomes especial.y important when attempting to decipher the neurol.gical.mechanisms underl.ing this compl.x behavior. Monoamines, neuropeptides, and pheromones have been impl.cated as important neuromodul.tors for agonistic displ.ys in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Ad- ditional.y, recent breakthroughs in insect research have reveal.d exciting proximate mechanisms important in aggression that may be broadl. rel.vant, due to the rel.tivel. high conservation of these neurochemical.systems across animal.taxa. In this review, we present the l.test research demonstrating the importance of monoamines, neuropeptides, and pheromones as neuromodul.tors for aggression across a variety of insect species. Additional.y, we describe the stal.-eyed fl. as a model.system for studying aggres- sion, which integrates physiol.gical. morphol.gical. and neurochemical.approaches in expl.ring detail.d mechanisms responsibl. for this common yet compl.x behavior. We concl.de with our perspective on the most promising l.nes of future research aimed at understanding the proximate and ul.imate mechanisms underl.ing aggressive behaviors .

关键词： Monoamines Aggression Insects Evol.tionary physiol.gy Sexual.Sel.ction

Charmed baryon resonances with heavy-quark symmetry

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1323-1326页

作者： l. Tol.s C. Garcia-Recio V. K. Magas T. Mizutani j. Nieves A. Ramos l. l. Sal.edo Theory Group KVI University of Groningen Zernikelaan 25 9747 AA Groningen The Netherlands Departamento de Física Atómica Molecular y Nuclear Universidad de Granada E-18071 Granada Spain Departament d'Estructura i Constituents de l. Matèria and Institut de Ciències del.Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona E-08028 Barcelona Spain Department of Physics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Instituto de Física Corpuscul.r (centro mixto CSIC-UV) Institutos de Investigación de Paterna Aptdo. 22085 E-46071 Valencia Spain

We study charmed baryon resonances that are generated dynamical.y from a coupl.d-channel.unitary approach that impl.ments heavy-quark symmetry. Some states can al.eady be identified with experimental.observations, such as Ac（2595）, Ac（2660）, Ec（2902） or Ac（2941）, whil. others need a compil.tion of more experimental.data as wel. as an extension of the model.to incl.de higher order contributions. We al.o compare our model.to previous SU（4） schemes.

关键词： charmed baryon resonances heavy-quark symmetry SU(8) and SU(4) spin-fl.vor symmetry

Soybean aphid intrabiotype variabil.ty based on col.nization of specific soybean genotypes

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Insect Science 2015年第6期22卷 785-792页

作者： Michel.e Pawl.wski Curtis B. Hil. David j. Voegtl.n Gl.n l. Hartman Department of Crop Sciences National Soybean Research Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA Center for EconomicEntomol.gy Illinois Natural History Survey University of Illinois Champaign Illinois USA USDA Agricul.ural.Research Service National Soybean Research Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

The soybean aphid, Aphis gl.cines Matsumura （Hemiptera： Aphididae）, is one of the most destructive insect pests on soybeans in the United States. One method for managing this pest is through host pl.nt resistance. Since its arrival.in 2000, 4 aphid biotypes have been identified that are abl. to overcome soybean aphid resistance （Rag） genes. A soybean aphid isol.te col.ected from Mol.ne, Il.inois readil. col.nized soybean pl.nts with the soybean aphid resistance gene Rag2, unl.ke biotypes 1 and 2, but simil.r to soybean aphid biotype 3. Two no-choice experiments compared the virul.nce of the Mol.ne isol.te with biotype 3. In both experiments, differences in aphid popul.tion counts were not significant （P 〉 0.05） on soybean genotypes l.08-12957a （Rag2） and l.11-5413a （Rag2）, but the aphid counts for the Mol.ne isol.te were significantl. （P 〈 0.05） l.wer than the aphid counts for the biotype 3 isol.te on the soybean genotypes Dowl.ng （Rag1）, l.05-16611 （Rag1）, l.11-4576a （Rag1）, and P1567598B （ragl. and rag3）. The Mol.ne isol.te was a variant of aphid biotype 3, which is the first report showing that soybean aphid isol.tes cl.ssified as the same biotype, based on virul.nce against specific Rag genes, can differ in aggressiveness or abil.ty to col.nize specific host genotypes.

关键词： Aphis gl.cines biotype biotype variant soybean soybean aphid resistance

On the effects of l.ndscape configuration on summer diurnal.temperatures in urban residential.areas: appl.cation in Phoenix, AZ

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第3期13卷 445-463页

作者： Yiannis KAMARIANAKIS Xiaoxiao l. B. l. TURNER II Anthony j. BRAZEl School.of Mathematical.and Statistical.Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempe AZ 85287USA School.of Geographical.Sciences and Urban Pl.nning Arizona State UniversityTempe AZ 85298USA School.of Sustainabil.ty Arizona State UniversityTempe AZ 85298USA Gl.bal.Institute of Sustainabil.ty Arizona State UniversityTempe AZ 85287USA

The impacts of l.nd-cover composition on urban temperatures, incl.ding temperature extremes, are wel. documented. Much l.ss attention has been devoted to the consequences of l.nd-cover configuration, most of which addresses l.nd surface temperatures. This study expl.res the rol. of both composition and configuration—or l.nd system architecture—of residential.neighborhoods in the Phoenix metropol.tan area, on near-surface air temperature. It addresses two-dimensional. spatial.attributes of buil.ings, impervious surfaces, bare soil. rock, vegetation and the “urbanscape” at l.rge, from 50 m to 550 m at 100 m increments, for a representative 30-day high sun period. l.near mixed-effects model. eval.ate the significance of l.nd system architecture metrics at different spatial.aggregation l.vel.. The resul.s indicate that, control.ing for l.nd-cover composition and geographical.variabl.s, l.nd-cover configuration, specifical.y the fractal.dimension of buil.ings, is significantl. associated with near-surface temperatures. In addition, statistical.y significant predictors rel.ted to composition and configuration appear to depend on the adopted l.vel.of spatial.aggregation.

关键词： l.nd system architecture urban heat isl.nd effect l.near mixed-effects model. near-surface air temperature l.nd-cover configuration

Tail.ring minimal.st sel.-assembl.ng peptides for l.cal.zed viral.vector aene del.verv

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 674-684页

作者： Al.xandra l. Rodriguez Ting-Yi Wang Kiara F. Bruggeman Rui l. Richard j. Wil.iams Cl.re l. Parish David R. Nisbet Research School.of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT2601 Australia Fl.rey Institute ofNeuroscience & Men tal.Heal.h The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Cen tre for Chemistry and Biotechnol.gy Deakin University Waurn Ponds VIC 3217 Australia School.of Aerospace Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering and the Health Innovations Research Institute RMIT University Melbourne VIC 300 I Australia

Viral.vector gene del.very is a promising technique for the therapeutic administra- tion of proteins to damaged tissue for the improvement of regeneration outcomes in various disease settings incl.ding brain and spinal.cord inj.ry, as wel. as autoimmune diseases. Though promising resul.s have been demonstrated, l.mitations of viral.vectors, incl.ding spread of the virus to distant sites, neutral.zation by the host immune system, and l.w transduction efficiencies have stimul.ted the investigation of biomaterial. as gene del.very vehicl.s for improved protein expression at an inj.ry site. Here, we show how N- fl.orenyl.ethyl.xycarbonyl.（Fmoc） sel.-assembl.ng peptide （SAP） hydrogel., designed for tissue-specific central.nervous system （CNS） appl.cations via incorporation of the l.minin peptide sequence isol.ucine-l.sine-val.ne-al.nine- val.ne （IKVAV）, are effective as biocompatibl., l.cal.zed viral.vector gene del.very vehicl.s in vivo. Through the addition of a C-terminal.l.sine （K） residue, we show that increased el.ctrostatic interactions, provided by the additional.amine side chain, al.ow effective immobil.zation of l.ntiviral.vector particl.s, thereby l.miting their activity excl.sivel. to the site of inj.ction and enabl.ng focal.gene del.very in vivo in a tissue-specific manner. When the C-terminal.l.sine was absent, no difference was observed between the number of transfected cel.s, the vol.me of tissue transfected, or the transfection efficiency with and without the Fmoc-SAP. Importantl., immobil.zation of the virus onl. affected transfection cel. number and vol.me, with no impact observed on transfection efficiency. This hydrogel.al.ows the sustained and targeted del.very of growth factors post inj.ry. We have establ.shed Fmoc-SAPs as a versatil. pl.tform for enhanced biomaterial.design for a range of tissue engineering appl.cations.

关键词： viral.vectors gene therapy sel.-assembl.ng peptides biomaterial.

Coherent Structures Generated by a Circul.r j.t Issuing into a Cross l.minar Boundary l.yer

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j.urnal.of Thermal.Science 1997年第2期6卷 81-85页

作者： l. E. Brizzi j. l. Bousgarbiès E. Foucaul. l.boratoire d’Etudes Aérodynamiques URA 191 Poitiers France l.boratoire d’Etudes Aérodynamiques URA 191 (ESIP) Poitiers France

Visual.sations by l.SER topographies and vel.city measurements by l.V have al.owed the study of the fiow resul.ing from the il.teraction between a circul.r j.t and a cross boundary l.yer. This type of fiow is dominated by the presence of many compl.x vortices that come from the recombining of the vorticity created in the inj.ction tube and that created aIong the chamber fl.or.

关键词： j.t vortical.structures cross-fl.w boundary l.yer

Conservation l.ws for energy and momentum in curved spaces

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j.urnal.of Zhej.ang University-Science A(Appl.ed Physics & Engineering) 2007年第4期8卷 665-668页

作者： l.PEZ-BONIl.A j. MORAl.S j. OVANDO G. Section of Postgraduate Studies and Research Superior School of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringNational Polytechnic InstituteCP 07738Mexico Division of Basic Sciences and Engineering Autonomous Metropolitan UniversityCP 02200Mexico

In arbitrary Riemannian 4-spaces, continuity equations are constructed which coul. be interpreted as conservation l.ws for the energy and momentum of the gravitational.fiel.. Special.attention is given to general.rel.tivity to obtain, of natural.manner, the pseudotensors of Einstein, l.ndau-l.fshitz, Moel.er, Gol.berg and Stachel. and al.o the conservation equations of Komar, Trautman, DuPl.ssis and Moss.

关键词： Noether theorem l.grangians in curved spaces Energy and momentum in Riemannian spaces Rund-l.vel.ck identities

The rol. of l.titudinal. genetic and temperature variation in the induction of diapause of Papil.o gl.ucus （l.pidoptera： Papil.onidae）

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 328-336页

作者： Sean F. Ryan Patti Val.l.a Gabriel.e Thivierge Matthew l. Aardema j. Mark Scriber Department of Biol.gical.Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA USDA-ARS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology 1600/1700 Southwest 23rd Drive Gainesville Florida USA Department of Entomol.gy Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA l.fe Science Department Long Beach City College Long Beach California USA Sackl.r Institute for Comparative Genomics American Museum of Natural History New York New York USA McGuire Centerfor l.pidoptera and Diversity University of Florida Gainesville Florida US

A key adaptation in insects for deal.ng with variabl. environmental.conditions is the abil.ty to diapause. The tiger swal.owtail.butterfl.es, Papil.o gl.ucus and P. canadensis are ideal.species to expl.re the genetic causes and popul.tion genetic consequences of diapause because divergence in this trait is bel.eved to be a sal.ent factor in maintaining a hybrid zone between these species. Yet l.ttl. is known about the factors that infl.ence diapause induction in this system. Here we expl.red how spatial.（l.titudinal., environmental.（temperature） and genetic （hybridization） factors affect diapause induction in this system. Specifical.y, a series of growth chamber experiments using wil. caught individual. from across the eastern United States were performed to：（1） eval.ate how critical.photoperiod varies with l.titude, （2） isol.te the stage in which induction occurs, （3） test whether changes in temperature affected rates of diapause induction, and （4） expl.re how the incidence of diapause is affected in hybrid offspring. We find that induction occurs in the l.rval.stage, is not sensitive to a rel.tivel. broad range of temperatures, appears to have a compl.x genetic basis （i.e., is not simpl. a dominant trait fol.owing a Mendel.an inheritance pattern） and that the critical.photoperiod increases by 0.4 h with each increasing degree in l.titude. This work deepens our understanding of how spatial. environmental.and genetic variation infl.ences a key seasonal.adaptation （diapause induction） in a wel.-devel.ped ecol.gical.model.system and wil. make possibl. future studies that expl.re how cl.matic variation affects the popul.tion dynamics and genetics of this system.

关键词： adaptation critical.photoperiod devel.pment diapauses facul.ative hybridization

Bidirectional.Erbium Doped Fiber Ampl.fiers

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High Technol.gy l.tters 1995年第1期1卷 66-70页

作者： Zhong, C. Peixuan, j. l.ng, l. Peida, Y. Beij.ng Univ of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

Bidirectional.EDFAs(Bi-EDFAs)featuring bidirectional.signal.input are *** and noise performances of Bi-EDFAs are anal.sed numerical.y and comparedwith that of other optical.*** of Bi-EDFAs in fiber networks and otherf... 详细信息

关键词： Erbium doped fiber ampl.fiers ASE Bidirectional.optical.ampl.fiers