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sentinel site Development of a Maj.r salt Marsh system in the Mid-Atlantic Region (UsA)

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Open j.urnal of Ecology 2014年第3期4卷 77-86页

作者： Michael j. Michael j. k.nnish Andrea spahn Gregg P. sak.wicz Institute of Marine and Coastal sciences Rutgers University New Brunswick USA j.cques Cousteau National Estuarine research reserve Tuckerton USA

The Tuck.rton Peninsula, a large expanse (~2000 ha) of highly inundated spartina alterniflora salt marsh habitat, forms one of the most extensive coastal wetland systems in New j.rsey (UsA). It is proj.cted to be among the first salt marsh systems in New j.rsey to be lost by rising sea level driven by climate change. The changes that occur in the demographic, ecologic, and ecogeomorphic characteristics of the salt marsh habitat at this location will be vital to understanding future habitat change in coastal wetlands in the Mid-Atlantic region. As a consequence, the Tuck.rton Peninsula salt marsh system is designated as a sentinel site of the j.cques Cousteau National Estuarine research reserve (j.NERR) for the detection, monitoring, and assessment of climate change effects, most notably sea-level rise and inundation. Development of the Tuck.rton Peninsula as a sentinel site requires a high accuracy local geodetic control network.to connect existing water quality monitoring stations, vegetation transects and monitoring surface elevation tables, ground water wells, and digital elevation models on the same vertical datum. The integration of these monitoring infrastructure components is crucial to effective operation of the sentinel site. It will enable the collection of essential data to assess rates of marsh migration and upland transgression, as well as delineate k.y natural and anthropogenic drivers influencing habitat condition and change. The j.NERR sentinel site designation supports the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s long-term goal of assessing coastal vulnerability in the UsA to climate change and generating data useful for forging climate adaptation and mitigation initiatives for coastal communities. habitat and vertical control data collected at this sentinel site will be made available to decision mak.rs across the nation and will enable them to determine how the loss of critical salt marsh habitat will affect coastal communities, their ada

关键词： Tuck.rton Peninsula salt Marsh system Vulnerability Climate Change Effects Monitoring Assessment Coastal Management

超声检查重新评估CT疑似急性阑尾炎病人的附加价值:初步研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第5期 492-493页

作者： j.Y.sim H.j.k.m j.W.Yeon B.s.suh k.H.k.m Y.R.ha 王东烨 Department of Radiology Daejin Medical Center Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital

摘要目的前瞻性研究超声检查重新评估CT疑似急性阑尾炎病人的附加价值。方法研究收集2011年4月—2011年10月,包括CT疑似阑尾炎病人的连续869个病例。前瞻性地将可能为阑尾炎的病例分为5类。超声检查重新评估"疑似阑尾炎"和"可能不是阑尾... 详细信息

摘要目的前瞻性研究超声检查重新评估CT疑似急性阑尾炎病人的附加价值。方法研究收集2011年4月—2011年10月,包括CT疑似阑尾炎病人的连续869个病例。前瞻性地将可能为阑尾炎的病例分为5类。超声检查重新评估"疑似阑尾炎"和"可能不是阑尾炎"两组病人。在研究期间所有的阴性阑尾切除率均与上年比较;阴性阑尾切除率,超声评估组和非超声评估组亦进行了比较。结果在869例病人

关键词：阑尾炎病人超声检查阑尾切除附加价值 CT

habitat preferences of two sparrow species are modified by abundances of other birds in an urban environment

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Current Zoology 2016年第4期62卷 357-368页

作者： Piotr sk.Rk. k.tarzyna s,ERPOWsk. Andzelik. haIDT Luk.sz MYCZk. Anna Ek.ER-GRZYB Zuzanna M. ROsIN Zbigniew k.lECNsk. j.anna sUCHODOLsk. Vik.oria TAk.Cs Luk.sz j.Nk.WIAk.Osk.r WAsIELEWsk. Agnieszk. GRACLIk.Agata j. k.AWCZYk.Adam k.sPRZAk.Przemystaw sZWAj.OWsk. Przemystaw WYLEGAlA Anna W. MALECha Tadeusz MIZERA Piotr TRYj.NOWsk. Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences AI. Mickiewicza 33 31-120 Krakow Institute of Zoology Poznan University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 71 C 66-625 Poznan Department of Forest Ecology Forest Research Institute Braci Lesej Sekocin Stary 05-090 Raszyn Oepartment of Behavioural Ecology Department of Cell Biology Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Umultowska 89 61-614 Poznan Zoological Garden Browarna 25 61-063 Poznan Department of Vertebrate Zoology and Anthropology University of Szczecin Wa ska 13 71-412 Szczecin Department of systematic Zoology Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Umultowska 89 61-614 Poznan Division of Rural Tourism Poznad University of Life Sciences Witosa 45/114b 61-693 Poznan Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Poznan University of Life Sciences Wolynska 35 60-637 Poznan Polish society for Nature Conservation salamandra Stolarska 7/3 60-788 Poznan Poland

Every species has certain habitat requirements, which may be altered by interactions with other co-occurring species. These interactions are mostly ignored in predictive models trying to identify k.y habitat variables correlated with species population abundance/occurrence. We investigated how the structure of the urban landscape, food resources, potential competitors, predators, and interaction between these factors influence the abundance of house sparrow Passer domesticus and the tree sparrow P. montanus in sixty 25 ha plots distributed randomly across residential areas of the city of Pozna5 （Poland）. The abundance of the house sparrow was positively correlated with the abundance of pigeons but negatively correlated with human-related food resources. There were significant interaction terms between abundances of other urban species and habitat variables in statistical models. For example, the abundance of house sparrow was negatively correlated with the abundance of corvids and tree sparrows but only when food resources were low. The abundance of tree sparrows positively correlated with density of streets and the distance from the city center. The abundance of this species positively correlated with the abundance of corvids when food resources were low but negatively correlated at low covers of green area. Our study indicates that associations between food resources, habitat covers, and the relative abundance of two sparrow species are altered by the abundance of other urban species. Competition, niche separation and social facilitation may be responsible for these interactive effects. Thus, biotic interactions should be included not only as an additive effect but also as an interaction term between abundance and habitat variables in statistical models predicting species abundance and occu rrence.

关键词： landscape ecology public information spatial autocorrelatien urban ecosystems.

Annual Rainfall and Dryland Cotton Lint Yield—southern High Plains of Texas

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Agricultural sciences 2022年第2期13卷 177-200页

作者： Robert j. Lascano Paxton Payton j.mes R. Mahan Timothy s. Goebel Dennis C. Gitz III Wind Erosion and Water Conservation research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA Plant stress and Germplasm Development research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

Agriculture in the Texas High Plains (THP) is in a transition phase of producing crops with a diminishing supply of irrigation-water from the Ogallala aquifer to dryland production systems. This shift is driven by the fact that the depth to the water table of the Ogallala aquifer continues to increase. Dryland cotton production systems are prevalent in the southern counties of the THP and our purpose was to use the long-term dryland cotton lint yields from these counties as precursors of the future cotton production patterns that will emerge in this region. For this purpose, from 1972 to 2018, we calculated the ratio of dryland cotton lint yield per unit of annual rainfall at the county level. This ratio is called crop water productivity (CWP) and has units of mass per unit volume (g/msup>3sup>). In our analysis, we used cotton lint yield data provided by the National Agricultural statistics and rainfall data provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Our results indicated that the three datasets used in our analysis, i.e., cotton lint yield, rainfall and CWP were all normally distributed. In this time period, 1972 to 2018, only one year 2011—a year with a record drought of 179 mm of rain failed to produce a dryland cotton crop in all the counties used in our analysis. The mean cotton lint yield ± standard deviation ranged from a high of 400 ± 175 k./ha in Lubbock.County to a low of 252 ± 144 k./ha in Andrews County. However, the counties with the largest CWP > 90 g/msup>3sup> were Glasscock. Midland and Martin County. The importance of this result is that these counties are in the southern region of the THP and are subj.ct to extreme environmental conditions and yet cotton producers manage to produce a cotton crop in most years. We conclude that management production methods used by these dryland producers represent the future schemes that will need to be adopted in other counties to sustain the emerging dryland cropping systems across t

关键词： Crop Water Productivity Cotton Cropping systems Crop Management Rainfed Ogallala Aquifer Water Use Efficiency

responses of Lowland NERICA and Improved Oryza sativa Rice to Phosphorus and Nitrogen in sudan savanna Agroecosystem

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j.urnal of Agricultural science and Technology 2010年第4期4卷 47-56页

作者： j. M. j.brin s. Oik.h M. A. Hussaini s. Mik. B. M. shehu M. sie Department of soil science Bcoero University Kano 700001 Nigeria African Agricultural Technology Foundation （AA TF） P.O. Box 30709-00100 Nairobi Kenya Department of Agronomy Bayero University Kano 700001 Nigeria Africa Rice Center [Africa Rice] 01 BP 2031 Cotonou Benin Republic

The responses of five inter-specific lowland rice cultivars （NERICA-L-19, NERICA-L-20, NERICA-L-41, NERICA-L-42, and NERICA-L-60） and four improved Oryza sativa cultivars （Fk. 19, BW 348-1, WITA 4, and sIPI 6923033） to levels of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilization were compared on a Typic Natrustalfat k.dawa in the Nigerian sudan savanna in 2006 and 2007 The responses of the NERICA-L eultivars to N and P fertilization were similar to the O. sativa cultivars. In a dry year （2007）, the NERICA-L cultivars gave higher yields than O. sativa cultivars. Phosphorus level did not significantly affect crop physiology, yield, and yield components of all the cultivars. Pooled across cultivars, N and P levels, days to panicle initiation, mid-flowering and maturity were, respectively delayed by 17.0, 15.6 and 6.4 days in 2007 compared to 2006. NERICA-L-42 and NERICA-L-41 were the most stable, exhibiting the least difference in duration to maturity between the two years （3.5 and 4.4 days, respectively）, and could therefore be more adapted to rain-fed environments prone to frequent droughts. Increasing N levels from 0 to 120 k. hal produced yield increments of 62.9 and 37.2% in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Cultivars Fk. 19 and WITA 4 gave higher yields in 2006 （3940 and 3542 k. ha^-1, respectively）, while in 2007, NERICA-L-42, NERICA-L^-19 and NERICA-L-20 rank.d among the highest in grain yield （3935, 3807 and 3726 k. hal, respectively） and could be recommended to resource-poor farmers. a

关键词： Lowland phosphorus NERICA rice nitrogen Oryza sativa sudan savann

Distribution Area and Yield Indicators of Poa bulbosa L. in Uzbek.stan

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American j.urnal of Plant sciences 2023年第8期14卷 869-881页

作者： Maxmudov V. Azizbek.Mavlanov j. Bek.od Allamurotov L. Ak.al Abduraimov s. Azizbek.Mamatk.simov T. Odilbek.Abduraimov s. Ozodbek Institute of Botany Academy science Republic of Uzbek.stan Tashkent Uzbekistan Department of Medicinal Plants and Botany Faculty of Natural Science Gulistan State University Gulistan Uzbekistan

The article is based on field research, existing literature, and samples of herbarium k.pt in the National Herbarium fund (TAsH) Poa bulbosa L. The distribution maps and productivity indicators in the flora of Uzbek.stan are presented. As you k.ow, Poa bulbosa L. is considered the wild relative of cultural plants, as a forage plant, it is a plant with high protein value. In the course of research during 2021-2022, in 16 areas, the yield indicators of the species were determined. In the studied research areas, indicators of the total weight of plant bushes (on the account of wet mass) and, respectively, the volume of plant biomass (on the account of dry mass, the upper part of 25%) were determined. According to him, it was determined that the average yield of the plant the wet mass is 14669.8 k./ha, and the average yield of the plant the dry mass in areas of total 244.0 ha in the total area is 63172.5 k..

关键词： Wild Relative Distribution Flora Poa bulbosa L. Uzbek.stan

Areas with Potential for Commercial Timber Plantations of Enterolobium cyclocarpum (j.cq.) Griseb. in Michoacán, México

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Open j.urnal of Forestry 2016年第5期6卷 476-485页

作者： Hipólito j.sús Muñoz-Flores j. Trinidad sáenz-Reyes Agustín Rueda-sánchez David Castillo-Quiroz Francisco Castillo-Reyes Diana Yemilet Avila-Flores National Institute of Forestry Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP)-Experimental Station Uruapan Uruapan México National Institute of Forestry Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP)-Experimental Station Saltillo Saltillo México

Michoacán has a deforested area of 525,260 ha, representing 52,526 ha per year, mainly caused by anthropogenic disturbances such as agricultural burning and forest fires (50%), change of use of land for extensive livestock.farming (28%), agriculture (17%) and illegal logging (5%). The establishment of forest plantations is an alternative for reducing the pressure on natural forests and creating options for sustainable development and diversification of production and conversion of land for agricultural and livestock.fragmented for forestry purposes. The aim of this study was to determine the potential areas for commercial forest plantations of Enterolobium cyclocarpum (j.cq.) Griseb. in the state of Michoacán, México, through the use of Geographic information systems (GIs). Areas were identified using IDRIsI 32, and ArcView software. screening variables include annual temperature, annual precipitation, land use, soil type, elevation and slope. Products obtained were field verified. Two maps where potential areas for the establishment of commercial forest plantations of E. cyclocarpum shown were obtained. Potential areas for commercial forest plantation establishment are (0% - 15% slope) for commercial forest plantations mechanized was 57,227 ha and (15% - 30% slope) for manual plantations was 6273 ha. The total area in the state with potential for the establishment of the species in the study was 63,500 ha.

关键词： Potential Areas Michoacán Enterolobium cyclocarpum Commercial Forest Plantations Geographic Information system

Tight j.nctions in inflammatory bowel diseases and inflammatory bowel disease associated colorectal cancer

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2016年第11期22卷 3117-3126页

作者： j.nathan Landy Emma Ronde Nick.English sue k.Clark.Ailsa L hart stella C k.ight Paul j.Ciclitira hafid Omar Al-hassi IBD Unit St Mark's Hospital Harrow London HA1 3UJ United Kingdom Antigen Presentation research Group Department of Immunology Imperial College London HA1 3UJ United Kingdom Department of Biosurgery and surgical Technology Imperial College London HA1 3UJ United Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology The Rayne Institute St Thomas' Hospital London HA1 3UJ United Kingdom

Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterised by inflammation that compromises the integrity of the epithelial barrier. The intestinal epithelium is not only a static barrier but has evolved complex mechanisms to control and regulate bacterial interactions with the mucosal surface. Apical tight j.nction proteins are critical in the maintenance of epithelial barrier function and control of paracellular permeability. The characterisation of alterations in tight j.nction proteins as k.y players in epithelial barrier function in inflammatory bowel diseases is rapidly enhancing our understanding of critical mechanisms in disease pathogenesis as well as novel therapeutic opportunities. Here we give an overview of recent literature focusing on the role of tight j.nction proteins, in particular claudins, in inflammatory bowel diseases and inflammatory bowel disease associated colorectal cancer.

关键词： Claudin Tight j.nction Ulcerative colitis Pouchitis Crohn’ s disease

阿尔茨海默病和痴呆的临床前期预测指标:一项临床病理学研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 19-20页

作者： Galvin j.E. Powlishta k.k. Wilk.ns k. 孟云宵 Alzheimer's Disease research Center Washington University School of Medicine 4488 Forest Park St Louis MO 63108 United StatesDr.

Back.round: To understand the earliest signs of cognitive decline caused by Alzheimer disease (AD) and other illnesses causing dementia, information is needed from well-characterized individuals without dementia studied longitudinally until autopsy. Obj.ctive: To determine clinical and cognitive features associated with the development of AD or other dementias in older adults. Design: Longitudinal study of memory and aging. setting: Alzheimer’s Disease research Center, st Louis, Mo. Main Outcome Measures: Clinical Dementia Rating, its sum of boxes, and neuropathologic diagnosis of dementia. Participants: Eighty control participants who eventually came to autopsy. results: Individuals who did not develop dementia showed stable cognitive performance. Entry predictors of dementia were age, deficits in problem solving as well as memory, slowed psychomotor performance, and depressive features. Minimal cognitive decline occurred prior to dementia diagnosis, after which sharp decline was noted. Even individuals who were minimally cognitively impaired (Clinical Dementia Rating=0.5) typically had neuropathologic AD at autopsy. Histopathologic AD also was present in 34%of individuals who did not have dementia at death; these individuals without dementia showed an absence of practice effects on cognitive testing. Conclusions: Increased age, depressive features, and even minimal cognitive impairment, as determined clinically by Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes and by slowed psychomotor performance, identify older individuals with out dementia who develop dementia. Older adults who do not develop dementia ha ve stable cognitive performance. The absence of practice effects may denote the subset of older adults without dementia with histopathologic AD, which may refle ct a preclinical stage of the illness.

关键词：阿尔茨海默病临床前期临床病理学认知功能认知损害痴呆分级精神运动情绪抑郁纵向研究组织病理学改变