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Comparison of carbon-stock changes, eddycovariance carbon fluxes and model estimates in coastal Douglas-fir stands in British Columbia

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 104-122页

作者： Colin j.Ferster j. (Tony) Trofymow Nicholas C Coops Baozhang Chen Thomas Andrew Black Department of Forest Resources Management University of British Columbia Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre) Natural Resources Canada Department of Biology University of Victoria Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia

Background： The global network of eddy-covariance （EC） flux-towers has improved the understanding of the terrestrial carbon （C） cycle, however, the network has a relatively limited spatial extent compared to forest inventory data and plots. Developing methods to use inventory-based and EC flux measurements together with modeling approaches is necessary evaluate forest C dynamics across broad spatial extents. Methods： Changes in C stock change （AC） were computed based on repeated measurements of forest inventory plots and compared with separate measurements of cumulative net ecosystem productivity （~NEP） over four years （2003 - 2006） for Douglas-fir （Pseudotsuga menzies# var menziesil} dominated regeneration （HDF00）, j.venile （HDF88 and HDF90） and near-rotation （DF49） aged stands （6, 18, 20, 57 years old in 2006, respectively） in coastal British Columbia. AC was determined from forest inventory plot data alone, and in a hybrid approach using inventory data along with litter fall data and published decay equations to determine the change in detrital pools. These AC-based estimates were then compared with Y_NEP measured at an eddy-covariance flux-tower （EC-flux） and modelled by the Carbon Budget Model - Canadian Forest Sector （CBM-CFS3） using historic forest inventory and forest disturbance data. Footprint analysis was used with remote sensing, soils and topography data to evaluate how well the inventory plots represented the range of stand conditions within the area of the flux-tower footprint and to spatially scale the plot data to the area of the EC-flux and model based estimates, Results： The closest convergence among methods was for the j.venile stands while the largest divergences were for the regenerating clearcut, followed by the near-rotation stand. At the regenerating clearcut, footprint weighting of CBM-CFS3 TNEP increased convergence with EC flux Z_NEP, but not for AC. While spatial scaling and footprint weighting did not increase convergence for AC, they d

关键词： Forest carbon Micrometeorology Blometry Remote sensing geographic information systems

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Iksan526 Rice Callus Extract Induces Dedifferentiation of Rabbit Articular Chondrocytes via ERK1/2 and PI-3K/Akt Pathways

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Rice science 2020年第6期27卷 504-514页

作者： Seong-Hui EO Song j. Kim Department of Biological Sciences College of Natural SciencesKongju National UniversityGongju 32588Republic of Korea

The resveratrol-enriched transgenic rice line Iksan526(IS526),first developed by the Rural Development Administration of Korea using genetic engineering techniques,shows beneficial health effects in mitigating metabolic syndrome and ***,the effects of IS526 on the differentiation of chondrocytes and the underlying mechanism have not been investigated in *** this study,the effects and cellular regulatory mechanisms of IS526 on rabbit articular chondrocytes were *** IS526 callus extract treatment,the expression levels of differentiation-related proteins were detected via western blotting,Alcian blue staining and immune-luorescence ***526 decreased the type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan levels in dose-and time-dependent *** further analyzed the effects of IS526 on skeleton genesis in zebrafish larvae using Alcian blue staining,which showed a reduction in cartilage formation along with increased production of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-***526 also increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 kinase but inhibited the phosphorylation of *** inhibition of MMP-13 blocked the IS526-induced decrease in type Ⅱ collagen *** of p38 kinase or PI-3K/Akt with SB203580 and LY294002 enhanced the suppression of type Ⅱ collagen,but the blockage of ERK-1/2 by PD98059 rescued IS526-induced *** results suggested that IS526 regulates type Ⅱ collagen and MMP-13 expression via the ERK1/2 and PI-3K/Akt pathways in rabbit articular chondrocytes.

关键词： rice chondrocyte typeⅡcollagen matrix metalloproteinase-13 rice callus extract

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Report of a Dicephalic Steppes Ratsnake (Elaphe dione) Collected in South Korea

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Asian Herpetological Research 2013年第3期4卷 182-186页

作者： Il-Hun KIM j.-Kyeong KIM j.nathan j.FONg Daesik PARK Department of Biology Kangwon National University School of Biological Sciences Seoul National University Division of Science Education Kangwon National University

In this report, we describe morphological characteristics of a dicephalic Steppes Ratsnake （Elaphe dione） collected from the wild in 2011 in South Korea. The specimen has two heads and two long necks. Unlike normal individuals, the dicephalic snake has divided ventral scales under the necks of the bifurcated columns. The snout- vent length （SVL） and overall total length of the individual are shorter than those of normal snakes of the same age. Nevertheless, the counts of nine different scale types that are often used for classification are all within the ranges of normal individuals. As far as we know, this is the first detailed morphological description of a dicephalic E. dione in the scientific literature.

关键词： dicephalism morphology Steppes Ratsnake Elaphe dione

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Developments in diagnosis and treatment of paediatric septic arthritis

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World j.urnal of Orthopedics 2022年第2期13卷 122-130页

作者： Cornelia M Donders Anne j.Spaans Herbert van Wering Christiaan j. van Bergen Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Meander Medical CentreAmersfoort 3813 TZNetherlands Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sint MaartenskliniekNijmegen 6574 NANetherlands Department of Paediatrics Amphia HospitalBreda 4818 CKNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery Amphia HospitalBreda 4818 CKNetherlands

Acute septic arthritis in children is an orthopaedic emergency.A delay in diagnosis and inappropriate treatment can result in devastating damage to the j.int with lifelong disability as a *** clinical presentation can be a diagnostic challenge,especially in young children.A recent systematic review showed that j.int tenderness and fever are important signals of septic *** is helpful in detecting the presence of a j.int *** radiographs may show bone changes but magnetic resonance imaging is the most reliable imaging study for detecting concomitant *** diagnosis of acute septic arthritis is highly suggestive when pus is aspirated from the j.int,in case of a positive culture or a positive gram stain of the j.int fluid,or if there is a white blood-cell count in the j.int fluid of more than 50000/*** aureus is the most commonly cultured *** systematic reviews have identified the most effective drainage techniques,including needle aspiration,arthroscopy and arthrotomy,depending on the affected *** the drainage procedure it is important to monitor the clinical and laboratory *** drainage procedures may be necessary in select cases.

关键词： Septic arthritis Paediatric Children Analysis Treatment Drainage

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Coastal landscape evolution tracked from late Holocene wave-cut benches in the Sinan Archipelago,Southwest Korea

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geoscience Frontiers 2020年第1期11卷 293-301页

作者： Sung-j. Choi Bokchul Kim Yong Sik gihm Sanghoon Kwon geology Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon34132Republic of Korea Department of Earth System Sciences Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

glacio-isostatic adj.stment(gIA)and tectonic activity are important factors in the formation of marine *** Holocene wave-cut benches in the eastern part of the West Sea of Korea,also called the Yellow Sea,can be divided into two steps:531 cm above sea level(ASL)for the upper bench(T2)and 464-481 cm ASL for the lower bench(T1).Sediments on the benches a re classified into four units,and are interpreted to be beach deposits acco rding to gravel shape,textu re,and seaward *** ove rlying sediment indicates that T2 was formed at approximately 530 cm ASL before 2900 yr BP,and T1 at approximately 460-480 cm ASL before 1520 yr *** Holocene(4000-2000 yr BP)relative sea level(RSL)curves based on gIA models are inconsistent with the wave-cut bench *** T1 and T2 benches to the RSL curves of the West Sea,the upper and the lower benches were uplifted by approximately 5-8 m and 4-7 m,*** the area is several hundred kilometers away from plate boundaries,the high frequency of earthquakes in the West Sea may have induced the uplift of wave-cut benches during the last 2000 *** indicate that the west coast of the Korean Peninsula(KP)should no longer be considered an area of subsidence,but be assigned to a regime of uplift during the late Holocene.

关键词： West Sea of Korea Yellow Sea Late Holocene Wave-cut benches Beach sediment Uplift Tectonics

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Can an Invasive Prey Species Induce Morphological and Behavioral Changes in an Endemic Predator? Evidence from a South Korean Snake(Oocatochus rufodorsatus)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2014年第4期5卷 245-254页

作者： j.n-Haeng HEO Heon-j.o LEE Il-Hun KIM j.nathan j.FONg j.-Kyeong KIM Sumin j.ONg Daesik PARK Department of Biology Kangwon National University Division of Science Education Kangwon National University

Introduction of an invasive prey species into an ecosystem may affect an endemic predator＇s fitness by altering the prey-predator system. Successful adaptation may allow the endemic predator to eat and control the invasive species, while unsuccessful adaptation may result in extinction of the predator. We examine the possible effects of the invasive North American bullfrog （Rana [Lithobates] catesbeiana） on the endemic Red-backed rat snake （Oocatochus rufodorsatus） in South Korea. We do so by comparing the morphology and behavior of adult and hatchling snakes from bullfrog-exposed （Taean） and bullfrog-unexposed （Hongcheon） populations. Among the seven morphological characteristics investigated, relative tail length （tail length/snout-vent length） of both adults and hatchlings from Taean was significantly greater than that of adults and hatchlings from Hongcheon. Also, adult snakes from Taean had a signiifcantly shorter latency of ifrst tongue lfick in response to prey compared to adults from Hongcheon. This difference was not observed in hatchlings. In other snake species, a longer relative tail length and shorter latency of ifrst tongue lfick are known to improve foraging efifciency, and these characters may be adaptations ofO. rufodorsatus to prey on bullfrogs. This study provides preliminary evidence that the presence of an invasive prey species may cause morphological and behavioral changes in an endemic predator.

关键词： invasive prey bullfrog Rana catesbeiana Oocatochus rufodorsatus predator response

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growth characteristics and pathogenic consequences of predominant entomopathogenic Yukon soil fungi Mortierella alpina and Penicillium expansum,and effectiveness of Met52®,against larvae of the winter tick,Dermacentor albipictus

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Studies in Fungi 2019年第1期4卷 101-110页

作者： Yoder j. Krieger M Oakley M Trotter j.Schmelzer P Niksic A Rodell BM Klever LA Department of Biology Wittenberg UniversitySpringfieldOH45501USA Champagne and Aishihik First Nations Haines JunctionYTY0B 1L0CAN Oakley Veterinary Services HainesAK99827USA

Water activity-temperature relationships are reported for Yukon soil-isolated strains of Mortierella alpina and Penicillium expansum that are natural enemies to larvae(infestation stage)of the winter tick Dermacentor *** fungal strains are psychrotrophs,characterized by low thermal growth ranges,consistent with their occurrence in Yukon *** contrast to ***,*** is more temperature sensitive,has a higher requirement,and is more virulent to tick *** and Biological Control Officers should note that for tick population control these *** and *** strains grow and sporulate well under moderate temperature and humid *** experiments used Met52®Bioinsecticide as a positive control,and this is the first study that demonstrates the effectiveness of this commercial product against winter tick larvae.

关键词： Alaska biological control Canada elk tick horse tick moose tick temperature water activity

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genome-wide markers for seed yield and disease resistance in perennial ryegrass

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The Crop j.urnal 2022年第2期10卷 508-514页

作者： Kristina j.škune Vilma Kemešyte Andrius Aleliūnas grazina Statkeviciute Institute of Agriculture Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry(LAMMC)Instituto av.1Akademija LT-58344Lithuania

The market success of perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.) cultivars depends on sufficient seed production, as they are propagated by seed. However, breeding for high quality forage production reduces seed yield, and breaking the negative correlation would help to overcome the problem. The foliar disease crown rust is another factor affecting reproductive capacity and thereby seed yield. We evaluated seed yield-related traits and resistance to crown rust in a collection of commercial cultivars and ecotypes of perennial ryegrass and identified genome-wide markers associated with the traits. The study revealed high variation between the ecotype and cultivar groups as well as between years. A genome-wide association study identified 17 DNA single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of which eight were associated with crown rust and nine with flag-leaf length. The SNP markers were located within or near predicted genes functioning in defense against pathogens. The identified genes are strong candidates for a further in-depth functional study to continue unravel determination of leaf architecture and crown rust resistance in perennial ryegrass.

关键词： Crown rust Puccinia coronata f.sp.lolli Flag-leaf length genome-wide association study(gWAS) Seed yield Lolium perenne L.

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Entomopathogenic fungi isolated from Yukon soil against unfed larvae of the winter tick,Dermacentor albipictus

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Studies in Fungi 2019年第1期4卷 123-134页

作者： Dobrotka Cj.Krieger M Oakley M Trotter j.Rodell BM Stein KL Klever LA Fisher KA Yoder j. Department of Biology Wittenberg UniversitySpringfieldOH45501USA Champagne and Aishihik First Nations Haines JunctionYTY0B 1L0CAN Oakley Veterinary Services HainesAK99827USA

Fungal composition of Yukon soil samples consisted of 29 soil saprobes common to acidified forest,subarctic *** of the fungi identified are psychrotrophs,capable of growth at both 4℃ and 20℃.Of these,a total of 17 fungi were found to be entomopathogenic by winter tick(Dermacentor albipictus)larval bioassays:Aspergillus flavus,Beauveria,namely ***,Mucor,Paecilomyces yielded>~70%larval mortality and the remainder,mostly Mortierella and Penicillium,averaged~40%larval *** where elk(Cervus elaphus canadensis)are observed had an overall greater quantity,and diversity of entomopathogenic soil fungi than sites where elk are not *** diversity of fungi at elk-inhabited sites is likely a product of warmer soil microclimate(hillsides where elk are seen,lose snow earlier than other areas),animal presence,and increased nutrient *** conclude that Yukon soils contain fungi that naturally regulate populations of *** fungi are archived at the Wittenberg University Fungus Collection,Springfield,OH,USA.

关键词： Biological control mycoflora moose tick elk tick horse tick Canada Alaska

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gallbladder tuberculosis: False-positive PET diagnosis of gallbladder cancer

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World j.urnal of gastroenterology 2006年第40期12卷 6559-6560页

作者： j. Ramia K Muffak A Fernández j.Villar D garrote j. Ferron Unidad de Cirugía Hepatobiliopancreaticay Trasplante Hepático Servicio de Cirugía Generaly Aparato Digestivo Granada Spain Servicio de Medicina Nuclear Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves Granada Spain

gallbladder tuberculosis (gT) is an extremely rare disease, and very few cases have been reported in the literature. The first case of gT was described in 1870 by gaucher. A correct preoperative diagnosis of gT is unusual, and it is frequently confused with various gallbladder diseases. We present a new case of a patient who underwent surgery with the preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer after a false positive positron emission tomography scan in the diagnostic work-up.

关键词： Positron emission tomography, gallbladder Tuberculosis, Cancer, Review

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