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Responses of.Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity to Agricultural Deintensif.cation

Pedosphere 2005年第4期15卷 440-447页

作者： ZHANG Wei- j.an RUI Wen-Yi C. TU H. G. DIAB f. j. LouWS j. P. MUELLER N. CREAMER M. BELL M.G. WAGGER S. HU Department of.Agronomy Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China） Department of.Plant Pathology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 （USA） Department of.Crop Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 （USA） Department of.Horticultural Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 （USA） Department of.Soil Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 （USA）

Using a scheme of.agricultural f.elds with progressively less intensive management (deintensif.cation), dif.erent manage- ment practices in six agroecosystems located near Goldsboro, NC, USA were tested in a large-scale experiment, including two cash-grain cropping systems employing either tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT), an organic f.rming system (OR), an integrated cropping system with animals (IN), a successional f.eld (SU), and a plantation woodlot (WO). Microbial phos- pholipid f.tty acid (PLf.) prof.les and substrate utilization patterns (BIOLOG ECO plates) were measured to examine the ef.ects of.deintensif.cation on the structure and diversity of.soil microbial communities. Principle component analyses of.PLf. and BIOLOG data showed that the microbial community structure diverged among the soils of.the six systems. Lower microbial diversity was f.und in lowly managed ecosystem than that in intensive and moderately managed agro- ecosystems, and both f.ngal contribution to the total identif.ed PLf.s and the ratio of.microbial biomass C/N increased along with agricultural deintensif.cation. Signif.cantly higher ratios of.C/N (P f.und in the WO and SU systems, and f.r f.ngal/bacterial PLf.s in the WO system (P f.cant decreases (P f.cation f.r contributions of.total bacterial and gram positive (G+) bacterial PLf.s. Agricultural deintensif.cation could f.cilitate the development of.microbial communities that f.vor soil f.ngi over bacteria.

关键词： agricultural deintensif.cation agroecosystems carbon retention soil microbial community

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On Chevalley Restriction Theorem f.r Semi-reductive Algebraic Groups and Its Applications

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2022年第8期38卷 1421-1435页

作者： Ke ou Bin SHU Yu f.ng YAO School of.Statistics and Mathematics Yunnan University of Finance and EconomicsKunming 650221P.R.China School of.Mathematical Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241P.R.China Department of.Mathematics Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai 201306P.R.China

An algebraic group is called semi-reductive if.it is a semi-direct product of.a reductive subgroup and the unipotent *** a semi-reductive algebraic group naturally arises and also plays a key role in the study of.modular representations of.non-classical f.nite-dimensional simple Lie algebras in positive characteristic,and some other *** G be a connected semi-reductive algebraic group over an algebraically closed f.eld f.and g=Lie(G).It turns out that G has many same properties as reductive groups,such as the Bruhat *** this note,we obtain an analogue of.classical Chevalley restriction theorem f.r g,which says that the G-invariant ring f.g]~G is a polynomial ring if.g satisf.es a certain“positivity”condition suited f.r lots of.cases we are interested *** applications,we f.rther investigate the nilpotent cones and resolutions of.singularities f.r semi-reductive Lie algebras.

关键词： Semi-reductive algebraic groups semi-reductive Lie algebras Chevalley restriction theorem nilpotent cone Steinberg map Springer resolution

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Buechel-Pappas Total Ankle Replacement: Use of.Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Meniscal Bearings over a 13 - 15 Year Interval

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Open j.urnal of.Orthopedics 2023年第8期13卷 321-327页

作者： f.ederick f. Buechel Michael j. Pappas Rutgers Nj.Medical School Newark USA South Mountain Orthopaedic Associates South Orange USA Mechanical Engineering NJ Institute of Technology Newark USA

Background: The Buechel-Pappas (BP) meniscal bearing total ankle replace-ment was initially developed as a “shallow-sulcus” talar component device using cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, in 1978, and later, modif.ed to a “deep-sulcus” talar component device using titanium nitride (TiN) ceramic and porous coating in 1989. Wear related osteolytic cysts were noted in the tibia and talus surrounding these devices that compromised long term f.xation and stability when using standard ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPe) as a bearing material. This study explores the use of.highly cross-linked UHMWPe (HXLPe) to minimize osteolysis by replacing standard UHMWPe with this more wear-resistant material. Methods: There were 12 primary and 8 revision total ankle replacements f.llowed f.r 13 to 15 years. HXLPe was used in all meniscal bearings, either as primary or revision implants. All stable metallic tibial and talar components were retained in revision cases. Osteolytic cysts greater than 10 mm in diameter were bone graf.ed with homologous morselized banked bone through cortical windows in the tibia or talus. No adj.vant screw f.xation was used to stabilize any metallic implant. Results: No HXLPe bearings f.iled in this study, and no re-revisions were perf.rmed. No primary total ankle replacement f.iled in this study, and there were no substantial osteolytic cysts (>2 mm) observed in primary total ankle replacements on plain X-rays. All bone graf.ed osteolytic cysts in revision ankle replacements remained stable, even though partial resorption of.the graf.ed material was identif.ed in most of.the ankles. No loosening of.porous coated and TiN coated tibial and talar components were seen;the longest surviving metal components in the revision group was 24 years with the revised bearing at 15 years. Conclusions: HXLPe has greatly improved wear resistance in meniscal-bearing BP total ankle replacements in both primary and revision arthroplasties. Osteolytic cysts can b

关键词： Cementless Total Ankle Replacement Meniscal Ankle Replacement Osteolysis Bone Graf. of.Cysts

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Buechel Pappas Resurf.cing Shoulder Replacement: Evolution and over 40 Years of.Clinical Experience

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Open j.urnal of.Orthopedics 2024年第5期14卷 218-228页

作者： f.ederick f. Buechel Michael j. Pappas Rutgers Nj.Medical School Newark NJ USA South Mountain Orthopaedic Associates South Orange NJ USA New j.rsey Institute of.Technology Newark NJ USA

Background: Early exploration of.the semi constrained “f.oating-Socket” total shoulder replacement (TSR) in 1974 led to a prolif.ration of.various unconstrained designs that allowed resection or retention of.the humeral head, depending upon the pathological process involved. Degenerative glenohumeral arthritis with mild to moderate involvement of.subchondral bone allowed f.r a resurf.cing option, while severe humeral head involvement required a partial or f.ll humeral head replacement attached to an intramedullary stem f.r f.xation. All components evolved f.om cemented to cementless application by 1982. The purpose of.this paper is to describe the progression of.Buechel-Pappas (B-P) shoulder replacement development f.om the early 1970’s in both cemented and cement less applications. Methods: Clinical evaluations of.“f.oating-Socket” TSR, f.llowed by B-P stem-type, resurf.cing types, bipolar-type and revision components, all of.which comprise the B-P Shoulder Replacement System, were perf.rmed over a 49-year period. Results: “f.oating-Socket” implants improved the results of.simple, constrained ball-in-socket designs, but generally f.iled by glenoid component loosening in both chimpanzee and human applications. Unconstrained resurf.cing-type components, both anatomical humeral head and f.ll proximal humeral components, were quite successf.l, with minimal f.ilures observed in long-term studies. Bipolar salvage implants, used f.r severe proximal def.ciencies, revisions and massive rotator cuf. arthropathy, were also very successf.l;providing overhead range of.motion in many patients. Conclusions: Resurf.cing hemiarthroplasty, in patients with intact or repairable rotator cuf. mechanisms, gave the most satisf.ctory results and were the least technically complicated to perf.rm, requiring minimal instrumentation. Resurf.cing of.f.ll proximal humeral def.ciencies, using f.moral resurf.cing components, gave similar clinical results to more complex semi-constrained devices,

关键词： Total Shoulder Replacement Resurf.cing Shoulder Replacement

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Dif.erential Pathogenic Response in Strawberry Tissues and Organs by Colletotrichum acutatum

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j.urnal of.Agricultural Science and Technology 2011年第4期5卷 393-398页

作者： f. T. Arroyo j. Moreno P. Daza j. Torreblanca f. Romero Instituto de Investigacion y f.rmacion Agraria y Pesquera （If.PA） Centro Las Torres-Tomejil Apdo. Oficial Alcal6 del Rio （Seville.） 41200 Spain Department of.Cell Biology Faculty of Biology University of Seville Av. Reina Mercedes 6 Seville 41012 Spain

The susceptibility of.dif.erent tissues and organs f.om strawberry plants, cv ＂Camarosa＂, to Colletotrichum acutatum was tested using a severity index based on inf.ction response. Symptoms developed on inoculated tissues were characterized along 30 days. f.owers, except sepals, petioles and f.uits were the most susceptible organs to the pathogen and they became necrotic tissues at 30 days post inoculation （dpi）. Also, well-developed acervuli, which produced masses of.orange-pink spores, were observed on these inf.cted organs. An asymptomatic stage or latency phase was observed in green and white strawberry f.uits. In spite of.they were inoculated anthracnose symptoms were observed only when they became red f.uits. On the other hand, strawberry leaves and sepals were resistant to inf.ction by C. acutatum and only small f.ecks or light brown spots were observed reaching a size of.1 to 5 mm at 30 dpi. Likewise, the susceptibility of.stolons and crowns to C. acutatum was evaluated as intermediate at 30 dpi. f.nally, the inf.ction process of.the f.ngus on strawberry leaves and petioles was studied using light and electron microscopy. Pre-penetration events were similar on both, leaves and petioles： However, dif.erences between colonization of.strawberry leaves and petioles by C. acutatum were observed.

关键词： Anthracnose Colletotrichum acutatum f.agaria ananassa pathogenic response host-pathogen interaction,ultrastructure.

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Atypical group 1 neuraminidase pH1N1-N1 bound to a group 1 inhibitor

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Protein & Cell 2015年第10期6卷 771-773页

作者： Ying Wu Christopher j. Vavricka Yan Wu Qina Li Santosh Rudrawar Robin j.Thomson Mark yon Itzstein George f. Gao j.anxun Qi CAS Key Laboratory of.Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Institute f.r Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast Campus Nathan QLD 4222 Australia

Inf.uenza virus is a member of.the Orthomyxoviridae f.mily and is the causative agent of.seasonal and pandemic f.u.

关键词： pH1N1-N1 bound group

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Plasma and Gaseous Nitrocarburizing of.C60W Steel f.r Tribological Applications

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 338-342页

作者： M. Mirj.ni f. Ashraf.zadeh A. Shaf.ei Iranian Surf.ce Research & Engineering Centre (ISREC) Isfahan Iran Dept. of Materials Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan IranDept. of Materials Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran.

A comparison has been made between plasma and gas nitrocarburizing processes f.r C60W steel in terms of.structural f.atures of.the layers and the tribological properties of.the specimens. Gaseous treatments were perf.rmed in a sealed quench industrial f.rnace in optimized process cycles. f.r plasma nitrocarburizing, a semi - industrial size unit was operated at a range of.process parameters. Experimental results indicate that increasing the treatment time increases the thickness of.the compound layer but lowers the wear resistance. Plasma treatment produced a more ef.ective case depth compared with gaseous process, providing a better unif.rmity. Analysis of.X-ray dif.raction patterns indicated that the compound layer in gas nitrocarburizing consisted of.both e and y’ phases, whereas in plasma nitrocarburizing the e phase was not detected.

关键词： C60W钢等离子氮碳共渗气态氮碳共渗摩擦学

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ACCELERATOR PHYSICS Of.COLLIDERS

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第10期40卷 429-434页

作者： M.j. Syphers f. Zimmermann NIU/f.AL CERN

30.1. Luminosity This article provides background f.r the High-Energy Collider Parameter Tables that f.llow. The number of.events, Nexp, is the product of.the cross section of.interest, aexp, and the time integral ove...

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Mechano-thermal synthesis and characterization of.nano-structured f./f.S f.r application in photocatalysis

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Particuology 2018年第2期16卷 72-80页

作者： H. Esmaili S. Sheibani f. Rashchi School of.Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran 11155-4563 Iran

A novel method was used to prepare a nano-structured 32 wt% f./f.S core/shell powder via a mechanothermal route by l-h heat treatment of.a mechanically activated powder mixture of.f. and S. The structural and microstructural characteristics, f.rmation mechanism, magnetic properties, and photocatalytic activity of.the powder were studied by X-ray dif.raction, f.eld emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, surf.ce area analysis, dif.erential scanning calorimetry, vibrating sample magnetometry, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. A detailed study of.the mechanism of.transf.rmation showed that during the heat treatment process, an f.S2 phase was f.rmed as the intermediate product. In the f.nal product, an f.S shell approximately 2 nm in thickness was f.rmed on the f. core. In the presence of.NaCI as a process control agent, the particle size decreased and the size distribution became more unif.rm. Mechanical activation and NaCI addition together led to a decrease of.the saturation magnetization f.om 82 to 74emu/g. The photocatalytic activity of.the powder in the degradation of.methylene blue was 50%.

关键词： f./f.S Core-shell Mechano-therma Nano-structure Photocatalyst

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Soil Pore Characterization Using f.ee Sof.ware and a Portable Optical Microscope

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Pedosphere 2013年第4期23卷 503-510页

作者： L. f. PIRES f. S. BORGES S. PASSONI A. B. PEREIRA Department of.Physics State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG) Department of.Soil Science State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG)

Total porosity （TP）, determined by image analysis, pore type and pore size distribution were evaluated on impregnated soil blocks f.om an undisturbed Brazilian sandy loam soil using a digital portable optical microscope. The f.ee sof.ware Image j.（version 1.40g） was used f.r image analysis. Procedures f.r soil image collection and analysis were presented. The image analysis allowed the evaluation of.pore sizes with diameters ranging f.om 20 to 〉 1 000 μm. The f.llowing types of.pores were also obtained： rounded, elongated and intermediate. The results M[owed the characterization of.the soil as moderately porous （TP = 21.6%）. Rounded, intermediate and elongated pores were responsible f.r 11.6%, 31.7% and 56.7% of.TP. In relation to pore size 51.1% of.TP was in the 100-500μm size class and a third of.TP came f.om the pores larger than 500μm.

关键词： image analysis soil porosity soil structure pore size distribution

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