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Segmentations of foreland belts and their tectonic mechanism in the Southwest Tarim Basin

Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1585-1598页

作者： j. Canerot j. Deramond lab. de Bassin Dynamique Sedimentaire Universite Paul Sabatier Toulouse III 39 Allee Jules-Guesde 31062 Toulouse FranceLab. de Bassin Dynamique Sedimentaire Universite Paul Sabatier Toulouse III 39 Allee Jules-Guesde 31062 Toulouse France

Based on lots of field investigations and comprehensive interpretations of seismic profiles with outcrop cross-sections, this paper shows that the foreland belts surrounding the Southwest Tarim Foreland Basin have the regularity of segmentation along the strike of foreland belts. There are many thin-skinned thrusting systems thrusting from mountains to the basin and the arcuate back-thrusting systems to the mountains distributed at intervals in the front of West Kunlun-Pamir and Southern Tianshan. Between thrusting and back-thrusting systems, the strike-slip faults developed. The northeast uplifts and depressions of Southwest Tarim Basin correspond with the segmentation of foreland basin. The thin-skinned thrusting system is formed in the case that the thickness of sedimentary covers is less than 10 km in depth where the basement is an uplift belt in general. The back-thrusting systems and triangle zones are formed in the case that the thickness of sedimentary covers is larger than 8 km in depth where the basement is a depression zone. The main mechanics of segmentation of foreland basin are the difference of mountain uplift and deformation rate along the longitude of the mountains, the huge sedimentary rocks in different depression centers, the uplift belts and depression zones in the basement rocks, and multi-displaced weak layers in the foreland basin. The segmentation of Southwest Tarim Foreland Basin is due to the intra-plate deformation of re-orogenies of West Kunlun-Pamir and Southwest Tianshan and the co-related deformation between mountains and basement of basin since Neocene.

关键词： Southwest Tarim Basin, foreland basin,West Kunlun-Pamir and Tianshan, tectonic segmentation,structure of basement.

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Neurochemistry as a bridge between morphology and behavior： Perspectives on aggression in insects

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 778-790页

作者： Andrew N. BUBAK j.ime l. GRACE Michael j. WATT Kenneth j. RENNER j.hn G. SWAllOW Neuroscience Program University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO 80045 USA Department of Integrative Biology University of Colorado-Denver Denver CO 80217-3364 USA Center for Brain and Behavior Research Basic Biomedical Sciences University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA Department of Biology University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA

Aggression is a common behavioral trait shared in many animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the type and intensity of agonistic encounters and displays can vary widely both across and within species, resulting in complicated or subj.ctive interpretations that create difficulties in developing theoretical models that can be widely applied. The need to easily and obj.ctively identify quantifiable behaviors and their associated morphologies becomes especially important when attempting to decipher the neurological mechanisms underlying this complex behavior. Monoamines, neuropeptides, and pheromones have been implicated as important neuromodulators for agonistic displays in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Ad- ditionally, recent breakthroughs in insect research have revealed exciting proximate mechanisms important in aggression that may be broadly relevant, due to the relatively high conservation of these neurochemical systems across animal taxa. In this review, we present the latest research demonstrating the importance of monoamines, neuropeptides, and pheromones as neuromodulators for aggression across a variety of insect species. Additionally, we describe the stalk-eyed fly as a model system for studying aggres- sion, which integrates physiological, morphological, and neurochemical approaches in exploring detailed mechanisms responsible for this common yet complex behavior. We conclude with our perspective on the most promising lines of future research aimed at understanding the proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying aggressive behaviors .

关键词： Monoamines Aggression Insects Evolutionary physiology Sexual Selection

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MODElING OF 'BANDING' MICROSTRUCTURE FORMATION IN CENTRIFUGAllY SOlIDIFIED Ti-6Al-4V AllOY

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2008年第6期21卷 399-408页

作者： D.R. liu E：j. Guo l.P. Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150040 China Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

Numerical investigations of the ＇banding＇ microstructure formation during solidification of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy in the centrifugal casting are conducted using a multi-scale model, which combines the finite difference method （FDM） at the macroscale with a cellular automaton （CA） model at the microscale. The macro model is used to simulate the fluid flow and heat transfer throughout the casting. The micro model is used to predict the nucleation and growth of microstructures. With the proposed model, numerical simulations are performed to study the influences of the nucleation density, mould rotation speed, and casting size upon the ＇banding＇ microstructure formation. It is noted that changing the nucleation density has a minor effect on the microstructure formation. The rotation speed promotes the formation of ＇banding＇ microstructure, which is more noticeable for larger size castings. The ＇maj.r mechanism responsible for this ＇banding＇ phenomenon is the spatial variation in cooling rates created by centrifugal force.

关键词： Modeling 'Banding' microstructure Ti-6Al-4V alloy Centrifugal casting

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Heat transfer and fluid flow analysis of an artificially roughened solar air heater： a CFD based investigation

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Frontiers in Energy 2014年第2期8卷 201-211页

作者： Anil Singh YADAV j. l. BHAGORIA Mechanical Engineering Department Technocrats Institute of Technology-Excellence Bhopal MP 462021 Mechanical Engineering Department Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal MP 462051 India

In this paper, the effect of rib （circular sectioned） spacing on average Nusselt number and friction factor in an artificially roughened solar air heater （duct aspect ratio, AR= 5：1） is studied by adopting the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） approach. Numerical solutions are obtained using commercial software ANSYS FlUENT v12.1. The computations based on the finite volume method with the semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equations （SIMPlE） algorithm have been conducted. Circular sectioned transverse ribs are applied at the underside of the top of the duct, i.e., on the absorber plate. The rib-height-to-hydraulic diameter ratio （e/D） is 0.042. The rib-pitch-to-fib-height （P/e） ratios studied are 7.14, 10.71, 14.29 and 17.86. For each rib spacing simulations are executed at six different relevant Reynolds numbers from 3800 to 18000. The thermo-hydraulic performance parameter for P/e = 10.71 is found to be the best for the investigated range of parameters at a Reynolds number of 15000.

关键词： heat transfer pressure drop thermo-hydraulic performance parameter

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert j.Thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Simultaneous Preservation of Soil Structural Properties and Phospholipid Profiles: A Comparison of Three Drying Techniques

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Pedosphere 2008年第3期18卷 284-287页

作者： l. j. DEACON D. V. GRINEV j. W. CRAWFORD j. HARRIS K. RITZ I. M. YOUNG National Soil Resources Institute Department of Natural Resources School of Applied Sciences Cranfield University Cranfield MK43 0AL (UK) SIMBIOS Centre University of Abertay Dundee DD1 1HG (UK) Integrated Earth Systems Science Institute Department of Natural Resources School of Applied Sciences Cranfield University Cranfield MK43 0AL (UK)

There is a need to simultaneously preserve evidence of interactions between the biological community and soil structural properties of a soil in as near an intact （natural） state as possible. Three dehydration techniques were implemented and assessed for their ability to minimise disruption of both biological and physical properties of the same arable soil sample. Dehydration techniques applied until samples were at constant weight were i） air-drying at 20℃ （AD）; ii） -80 ℃ freeze for 24 h, followed by freeze-drying （-80FD）; and iii） liquid nitrogen snap freeze, followed by freeze-drying （lNPD） and were compared to a moist control. Physical structure was determined and quantified in three dimensions using X-ray computed tomography and microbial phenotypic community composition was assessed using phospholipid fatty acid （PlPA） profiling. This study confirms that any form of dehydration, when preparing soil for simultaneous biological and physical analysis, will alter the soil physical properties, and cause some change in apparent community structure. Freeze-drying （both the lNFD and -80FD treatments） was found to minimise disruption （when compared to the moist control soil） to both the soil physical properties and the community structure and is a preferable technique to air-drying which markedly alters the size and character of the pore network, as well as the phenotypic profile. The lNFD was the preferred treatment over the -80FD treatment as samples show low variability between replicates and a fast turn-around time between samples. Therefore snap freezing in liquid nitrogen, followed by freeze drying is the most appropriate form of dehydration when two sets of data, both physical and biological, need to be preserved simultaneously from a soil core.

关键词： biological community dehydration phospholipid profile physical properties preservation

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A structural topological optimization method for multi-displacement constraints and any initial topology configuration

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第5期26卷 735-744页

作者： j. H. Rong j. H. Yi School of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410076 China

In density-based topological design, one expects that the final result consists of elements either black （solid material） or white （void）, without any grey areas. Moreover, one also expects that the optimal topology can be obtained by starting from any initial topology configuration. An improved structural topological optimization method for multidisplacement constraints is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, the whole optimization process is divided into two optimization adj.stment phases and a phase transferring step. Firstly, an optimization model is built to deal with the varied displacement limits, design space adj.stments, and reasonable relations between the element stiffness matrix and mass and its element topology variable. Secondly, a procedure is proposed to solve the optimization problem formulated in the first optimization adj.stment phase, by starting with a small design space and advancing to a larger deign space. The design space adj.stments are automatic when the design domain needs expansions, in which the convergence of the proposed method will not be affected. The final topology obtained by the proposed procedure in the first optimization phase, can approach to the vicinity of the optimum topology. Then, a heuristic algorithm is given to improve the efficiency and make the designed structural topology black/white in both the phase transferring step and the second optimization adj.stment phase. And the optimum topology can finally be obtained by the second phase optimization adj.stments. Two examples are presented to show that the topologies obtained by the proposed method are of very good 0/1 design distribution property, and the computational efficiency is enhanced by reducing the element number of the design structural finite model during two optimization adj.stment phases. And the examples also show that this method is robust and practicable.

关键词： Topological optimization Displacement constraint Continuum structure Design space adj.stment Rational approximation material model

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NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.E.Schafer Sudena Wang Michael j.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NECAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

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Unimodal Sequences of Gorenstein Ideals of Codimension 4

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 1998年第4期14卷 563-568页

作者： Hyoung j. Ko Department of Mathematics. Yonsei University 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu. Seoul Korea 120-749

We present Gorenstein ideals of condimension 4 which have unimodal Hilbert functions.

关键词： k-configuration Hilbert function Minimal free resolution Gorenstein ideal of codimension 4

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Positron emission particle tracking——Application and labelling techniques

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Particuology 2008年第1期6卷 16-23页

作者： David j. Parker School of Physics and Astronomy the University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK

The positron emission particle tracking （PEPT） technique has been widely used in science and engineering to obtain detailed information on the motion and flow fields of fluids or granular materials in multiphase systems, for example, fluids in rock cracks, chemical reactors and food processors; dynamic behaviour of granular materials in chemical reactors, granulators, mixers, dryers, rotating kilns and ball mills. The information obtained by the PEPT technique can be used to optimise the design, operational conditions for a wide range of industrial process systems, and to evaluate modelling work. The technique is based on tracking radioactively labelled particles （up to three particles） by detecting the pairs of backto-back 511 keV γ-rays arising from annihilation of emitted positrons. It therefore involves a positron camera, location algorithms for calculating the tracer location and speed, and tracer labelling techniques. This paper will review the particle tracking technique from tracking algorithm, tracer labelling to their application.

关键词： PEPT Tracer Algorithm Tracking

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