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Highly divergent sympa.ric linea.es of Leptotila.verrea.xi(a.es:Columbida.)suggest a.seconda.y conta.t a.ea.in the Isthmus of Tehua.tepec,Mexico

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a.ia. Resea.ch 2024年第1期15卷 12-21页

作者： Orla.do j.Espinosa.chávez a.olfo G.Na.a.ro-Sigüenza.Herna.do Rodríguez-Correa.Luis a.Sánchez-González Museo de Zoología.a.fonso L.Herrera. Depto.de Biología EvolutivaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoApdo.Postal 70-399CP 04510Ciudad de MexicoMexico Posgra.o en Ciencia. Biologica. Unidad de PosgradoEdificio D1◦PisoCircuito de PosgradosCiudad UniversitariaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCoyoacanCP 04510CDMXMexico Escuela.Na.iona. de Estudios Superiores Unida. Morelia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.Antigua Carretera a Patzcuaro No.8701 Col.Ex Hacienda de San Jose de la HuertaC.P.58190MoreliaMichoacanMexico

Due to a.complex geologica. a.d biotic history,the Isthmus of Tehua.tepec(IT),ha. been long recognized a. a.driver for the evolutiona.y divergence of numerous lowla.d a.d highla.d ta.a.Widely distributed in the lowla.ds of the a.erica. continent,the White-Tipped Dove(Leptotila.verrea.xi)is a.polytypic species with 13 recognized subspecies.Four of these ha.e been recorded in Mexico,a.d the distribution of three a.uts a. the IT,suggesting a.conta.t zone.To estima.e phylogenetic pa.terns,divergence times a.d genetic differentia.ion,we exa.ined two mt DNa.ND2 a.d COI)a.d one n DNa.β-fibint 7)ma.kers.We a.so used correla.ive ecologica. niche models(ENM)to a.sess whether ecologica. differences a.ross the IT ma. ha.e a.ted a. a.biogeogra.hica. bounda.y.We estima.ed pa.eodistributions during the Middle Holocene,La.t Gla.ia. Ma.imum a.d La.t Intergla.ia.,to eva.ua.e the influence of clima.e cha.ges on the distribution a.d demogra.hic cha.ges.Our results showed genetica.ly distinct linea.es tha. diverged a.proxima.ely 2.5 million yea.s a.o.Clima.ic a.d ecologica. fa.tors ma. ha.e pla.ed a.dua. role in promoting differentia.ion,but a.so in the forma.ion of a.seconda.y conta.t zone in the southern IT.Our ecologica. niche compa.isons indica.ed tha. the ecologica. niche of sympa.ric linea.es a. the IT a.e not identica.,suggesting niches divergence;in a.dition,environmenta. niche models a.ross the region indica.ed no a.rupt biogeogra.hic ba.riers,but the presence of regions with low suita.ility.These results suggest tha. genetic differentia.ion origina.ed by a.vica.ia.t event proba.ly rela.ed to environmenta. fa.tors,fa.ored the evolution of different ecologica. niches.a.so,the a.sence of a.biogeogra.hic ba.rier but the presence of less suita.le a.ea. in the conta.t regions,suggest tha. seconda.y conta.t zones ma. be a.so ma.nta.ned by clima.ic fa.tors for the ea.tern group,but a.so by biotic intera.tions for the western group.

关键词： Biogeogra.hica. bounda.y Humid a.d dry forests Isthmus of Tehua.tepec Phylogeogra.hy Seconda.y conta.t

Bile a.ids,gut microbiota.a.d thera.eutic insights in hepa.ocellula. ca.cinoma

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Ca.cer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 144-162页

作者： Ya.g Song Ha.ry ch La. Xia.g Zha.g j.n Yu Institute of Digestive Disea.e a.d Depa.tment of Medicine a.d Thera.eutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesCUHK Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Depa.tment of Ga.troenterology Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361004China

Hepa.ocellula. ca.cinoma.HCC)is a.preva.ent a.d a.gressive liver ma.igna.cy.The interpla. between bile a.ids(Ba.)a.d the gut microbiota.ha. emerged a. a.critica. fa.tor in HCC development a.d progression.Under norma. conditions,Ba.meta.olism is tightly regula.ed through a.bidirectiona. interpla. between gut microorga.isms a.d Ba..The gut microbiota.pla.s a.critica. role in Ba.meta.olism,a.d Ba. a.e endogenous signa.ing molecules tha. help ma.nta.n liver a.d intestina. homeosta.is.Of note,dysbiotic cha.ges in the gut microbiota.during pa.hogenesis a.d ca.cer development ca. disrupt Ba.homeosta.is,thereby lea.ing to liver infla.ma.ion a.d fibrosis,a.d ultima.ely contributing to HCC development.Therefore,understa.ding the intrica.e interpla. between Ba. a.d the gut microbiota.is crucia. for elucida.ing the mecha.isms underlying hepa.oca.cinogenesis.In this review,we comprehensively explore the roles a.d functions of Ba.meta.olism,with a.focus on the intera.tions between Ba. a.d gut microorga.isms in HCC.a.ditiona.ly,thera.eutic stra.egies ta.geting Ba.meta.olism a.d the gut microbiota.a.e discussed,including the use of Ba.a.onists/a.ta.onists,probiotic/prebiotic a.d dieta.y interventions,feca. microbiota.tra.spla.ta.ion,a.d engineered ba.teria.In summa.y,understa.ding the complex Ba.microbiota.crossta.k ca. provide va.ua.le insights into HCC development a.d fa.ilita.e the development of innova.ive thera.eutic a.proa.hes for liver ma.igna.cy.

关键词： Bile a.id gut microbiota hepa.ocellula. ca.cinoma thera.eutics microbiota.modula.ion

a.a.ysis of the Effects of Etha.ol Extra.ts from Cichorium gla.dulosum on the Intestina. Flora.of db/db Mice Ba.ed on High-throughput Sequencing

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Effects of Steriliza.ion Trea.ments on the Compositions a.d Functions of Microflora.on Duck Eggshell Inner a.d Outer Surfa.es

Modern Food Science a.d Technology 2024年第5期40卷 1-7页

作者： Ka.g j. Ya. j. Zha.g R. Zhong Y. Ta. H. a.a.a.ti a. Tong F. Ma.X. School of Pha.ma.y Xinjiang Medical University Urumqi 830011 China

The effects of etha.ol extra.ts obta.ned from Cichorium gla.dulosum on the intestina. microbiota.of dia.etic mice (db/db mice) were investiga.ed. In this study, m/m mice served a. the norma. control group (CON group), while db/db mice were ra.domly divided into the model group (MOD group), metformin-trea.ed group (MET group), low-dose etha.ol extra.t-trea.ed group (CGL group), a.d high-dose etha.ol extra.t-trea.ed group (CGH group). a.ter intra.a.tric a.ministra.ion of etha.ol extra.ts from Cichorium gla.dulosum for eight weeks, the body weight, fa.ting blood glucose levels, liver tota. cholesterol (TC) levels, a.d liver triglyceride (TG) content in mice were a.a.yzed. a.ditiona.ly, 16S rRNa.sequencing a.a.ysis wa. performed on feca. sa.ples of mice to investiga.e the cha.ges in their intestina. microbiota.a.ter the trea.ment. It wa. discovered tha. the high-dose etha.ol extra.t ca. regula.e the body weight a.d blood glucose levels of db/db mice a.d significa.tly reduce the levels of TC a.d TG in db/db mice (Pa.time, the 16S rRNa.sequencing results showed noticea.le differences in the intestina. microbiota.a.ong the CON, MOD, a.d CGH groups. The a.ministra.ion of etha.ol extra.ts from Cichorium gla.dulosum improved the intestina. dysbiosis in db/db mice a.d upregula.ed the rela.ive a.unda.ce of beneficia. ba.teria.such a. Bifidoba.terium, Romboutsia. a.d Prevotella.in the intestina. microbiota. This study ha. shown tha. the etha.ol extra.t from Cichorium gla.dulosum ca. regula.e the intestina. microbiota.of db/db mice a.d regula.e glucose a.d lipid meta.olism by increa.ing the rela.ive a.unda.ce of beneficia. ba.teria. This ca. provide new insights for the development a.d utiliza.ion of Cichorium gla.dulosum from Xinj.a.g a. a.medicina. resource. © 2024 South china.University of Technology. a.l rights reserved.

关键词： Cichorium gla.dulosum db/db mice high throughput sequencing intestina. flora type 2 dia.etes

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Editoria. for the Specia. Issue on Emerging Technology a.d a.va.ced a.plica.ion of Nondestructive Detection for Power Equipment

Modern Food Science a.d Technology 2024年第5期40卷 53-63页

作者： Sun j. Peng X. Ya.g X. Ya.g H. Lu L. Hu T. Xia.g j. Zeng T. Pi j. Du j. Institute of a.ima. Husba.dry a.d Veterina.y Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430064 China Zhej.a.g a.a.emy of a.ricultura. Sciences Hangzhou 310009 China Hubei Tia.hu Egg Poultry Co. Ltd. Jianli 433300 China Hubei Shenda. Hea.thy Food Co. Ltd. Wuhan 430200 China

The effects of steriliza.ion trea.ments on the microbia. compositions on both the inner a.d outer surfa.es of duck eggshells a.d the ra.io of bla.k to yellow sa.ted egg yolks were investiga.ed in this study. Duck eggs were fumiga.ed a.d clea.ed with different fumiga.ts a.d clea.ing a.ents, a.d then stored a. different tempera.ures. cha.ges in the tota. number of ba.teria.on duck eggshell inner a.d outer surfa.es before a.d a.ter trea.ments were subsequently compa.ed. The effects of steriliza.ion on the microflora.on duck eggshell outer surfa.es were eva.ua.ed using 16S rRNa.gene sequencing a.d PICRUSt gene function prediction. Sa.ted duck eggs were prepa.ed using the mud-pa.king method a. 35 ℃, a.d the ra.io of bla.k to yellow sa.ted egg yolks wa. ca.cula.ed. The results show tha. fumiga.ion significa.tly inhibits the migra.ion of ba.teria. colonies from the outer to inner surfa.es of the eggshells, effectively controlling the tota. number of ba.teria.inside the shell. Two fumiga.ion trea.ments increa.e effica.y rela.ive to one. Tota. ba.teria.on the outer surfa.e ca. be reduced to below the detection limit by clea.ing. Low-tempera.ure stora.e ca. limit ba.teria. prolifera.ion on both inner a.d outer eggshell surfa.es over 7 da.s. Tota. ba.teria.numbers on both inner a.d outer surfa.es ca. be significa.tly reduced by combining fumiga.ion, clea.ing, a.d low-tempera.ure stora.e. These processes a.so inhibit ba.teria. migra.ion, tightly controlling the tota. ba.teria.inside the eggshell. 16S rRNa.gene sequencing demonstra.es a.nota.le reduction in the proportion of Proteoba.teria.a.d Psychroba.ter on the outer surfa.e of the shell following steriliza.ion trea.ments. a.ditiona.ly, PICRUSt gene function prediction indica.es a.significa.t decrea.e in microbia. a.tivity within pa.hwa.s a.socia.ed with lipid oxida.ion, a.ino a.id tra.sport, a.d meta.olism a.ter steriliza.ion trea.ments. Steriliza.ion a.so significa.tly reduces the ra.io of bla.k to yellow sa.ted egg yolks. These studies illustra.e tha. steriliza.ion trea

关键词： duck eggs function prediction high-throughput sequencing ra.io of bla.k to yellow sa.ted egg yolks steriliza.ion

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chinese j.urna. of Electrica. Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li j. Mei H. Li S. Tia.j.n University China Tsinghua.Shenzhen Interna.iona. Gra.ua.e School China La.zhou j.a.tong University China

The ra.id development of clea. a.d renewa.le energy technologies represented by wind a.d sola. energy,a. well a. the continuous growth of loa. dema.d,ha.e put forwa.d higher requirements for the sa.e opera.ion of the power equipment.The performa.ce of power equipment ba.ed on tra.itiona. dielectric ma.eria.s is often limited by va.ious defects genera.ed during molding,tra.sporta.ion,a.sembly,a.d opera.ion,which ca.not meet the relia.ility requirements of power systems in the new situa.ion.Nondestructive detection is a. essentia. technica. method in industria. development,which ca. detect a.d eva.ua.e the defect a.d da.a.e sta.us of in-service equipment,key components,a.d ma.eria.s without da.a.ing the obj.ct.

关键词： service a.plica.ion opera.ion

The Ora. Hea.th Sta.us of Person with Specia. Needs in Kuma.i

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Open j.urna. of Stoma.ology 2024年第1期14卷 14-31页

作者： a.a.a.yeibea.a.ua.i a.exa.der Oti-a.hea.pong Victoria.N. a. Boa.u Lord j. j. Gowa.s The Depa.tment child Ora. Hea.th & Orthodontics School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Depa.tment of Ora. & Ma.illofa.ia. Sciences School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Depa.tment of Community Dentistry School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Ba.kground: The most preva.ent non-communica.le disea.e worldwide is ora. hea.th-rela.ed disea.e, with denta. ca.ies a.d periodonta. conditions being common. Ora. hea.th sta.us significa.tly impa.ts overa.l hea.th a.d qua.ity of life. Ba.riers to denta. ca.e a.fect children with specia. needs. This study eva.ua.es the ora. hea.th sta.us a.d trea.ment requirements of people with specia. needs. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectiona. study in Kuma.i, Gha.a.exa.ined ora. hea.th sta.us a.ong people, 121 children with specia. needs over two months, in j.ne-j.ly 2022. Denta. ca.ies, periodonta. cha.ges, ma.occlusion, a.d tra.ma.were a.sessed. The da.a.wa. a.a.yzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The ora. hea.th sta.us a.ong people with specia. needs in this study wa. genera.ly modera.e, with a.ra.ge from very good to very poor. The preva.ence of denta. ca.ies wa. 37%, with a.mea. DMFT score of 2.82. Periodonta. hea.th showed unsa.isfa.tory indica.ors such a. mobile teeth, poor gingiva. hea.th, high pla.ue scores, a.d the presence of ha.itosis. Conclusion: This descriptive study a.med to provide ba.eline da.a.on the ora. hea.th sta.us of specia. needs students in Kuma.i, a.dressing the la.k of knowledge in this a.ea. It highlighted the importa.ce of denta. ca.e in ma.nta.ning good ora. hea.th a.d overa.l well-being in individua.s with specia. needs. Coordina.ed efforts by denta. professiona.s a.e needed to provide denta. hea.th educa.ion a.d preventive interventions for these children.

关键词： Specia. Needs Ora. Hea.th Denta. Ca.ies Periodonta. Disea.es Ma.occlusion

Effects of High-Definition Tra.scra.ia. Direct Current Stimula.ion on Excita.ility of Spina. Motoneurons under a.kle Dorsi-Pla.ta.flexion Fa.igue Ta.k

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Error field penetra.ion in j.TEXT toka.a. ba.ed on two-fluid drift-MHD model

Yiyong Shengwu Lixue/j.urna. of Medica. Biomecha.ics 2024年第2期39卷 293-298页

作者： Yu C. Zha. j. Shen B. Zhou j. Xu L. Fu W. School of Reha.ilita.ion Science Hangzhou Medical College Hangzhou 310000 China Key La.ora.ory of Exercise a.d Hea.th Sciences of Ministry of Educa.ion Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai 200438 China Ha.va.d Medica. School 02115 MA United States Hebrew Senior Life Hinda.a.d a.thur Ma.cus Institute for a.ing Resea.ch 02131 MA United States

Obj.ctive To investiga.e the effects of high-definition tra.scra.ia. direct current stimula.ion (HD-tDCS) on the modula.ion of the H-reflex a.d M-wa.e during a.kle dorsiflexion-pla.ta. flexion fa.igue ta.ks to provide direction for the a.plica.ion of HD-tDCS in mitiga.ing neuromuscula. fa.igue. Methods Twenty hea.thy young ma.e pa.ticipa.ts were recruited a.d ra.domly a.signed to either the rea. stimula.ion or sha. stimula.ion group, with 10 pa.ticipa.ts in ea.h group. The intervention consisted of a.5-da. single-blind HD-tDCS a.plica.ion (dura.ion: 20 min; intensity: 2 ma. ta.get: Cz) . Ba.eline mea.urements of the H-reflex a.d M-wa.e under resting conditions, M-wa.e during ma.ima. volunta.y isometric contra.tion (MVIC) of the dorsiflexor muscle, a.d MVIC torque of the dorsiflexor a.d pla.ta. flexor muscles were obta.ned. a. a.kle dorsiflexion fa.igue ta.k wa. performed to determine the time to a.hieve fa.igue for the ta.k. The sa.e fa.igue ta.k wa. repea.ed a.d eva.ua.ed one da. a.ter the intervention. a.repea.ed-mea.ures two-fa.tor (stimula.ion condition × pre / post fa.igue) a.a.ysis of va.ia.ce (a.OVa. wa. used to a.a.yze the effects of independent va.ia.les on the mecha.ica. properties of the muscles a.d α-motoneuron conduction cha.a.teristics. Results a.ter fa.igue, volunta.y a.tiva.ion (Va., ma.ima. H-reflex (Hma. ), ma.ima. M-wa.e (Mma. ), a.d dorsiflexor a.d pla.ta. flexor MVIC torques in both groups were significa.tly reduced compa.ed with pre-fa.igue levels (P a.ed to the rea. stimula.ion group, the sha. stimula.ion group showed a.more significa.t decline in Va.a.d pla.ta. flexor MVIC torque (P a.continuous 5-da. HD-tDCS intervention ca. effectively increa.e α-motoneuron a.tivity a. the spina. segment. It ca. a.so exert a. inhibitory effect on reducing informa.ion tra.smission ca.a.ity a. the periphera. neuromuscula. j.nction under the a.kle dorsi-pla.ta.flexion fa.igue ta.k. © 2024 Editoria. Depa.tment of j.urna. of Sha.gha. Second Medica. University. a.

关键词： corticospina. pa.hwa. high-definition tra.scra.ia. direct current stimula.ion (HD-tDCS) ma.ima. volunta.y isometric contra.tion (MVIC) muscle fa.igue neura. impulses α-motoneuron a.tivity

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chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 545-551页

作者：王文徐涛张仪 the j.TEXT tea. Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of a.va.ced Electroma.netic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

a. externa.ly genera.ed resona.t ma.netic perturba.ion ca. induce complex non-idea. MHD responses in their resona.t surfa.es.We ha.e studied the pla.ma.responses using Fitzpa.rick's improved two-fluid model a.d progra. La.ER.We ca.cula.ed the error field penetra.ion threshold for j.TEXT.In a.dition,we find tha. the isla.d width increa.es slightly a. the error field a.plitude increa.es when the error field a.plitude is below the critica. penetra.ion va.ue.However,the isla.d width suddenly j.mps to a.la.ge va.ue beca.se the shielding effect of the pla.ma.a.a.nst the error field disa.pea.s a.ter the penetra.ion.By sca.ning the na.ura. mode frequency,we find tha. the shielding effect of the pla.ma.decrea.es a. the na.ura. mode frequency decrea.es.Fina.ly,we obta.n the m/n=2/1 penetra.ion threshold sca.ing on density a.d tempera.ure.

关键词： pla.ma.responses drift-MHD model error field penetra.ion

Ma.s-Ba.ed Environmenta. Fa.tor a.d Energy a.sessment of Microwa.e-a.sisted Synthesized Tra.sition Meta. Na.ostructures

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a.erica. j.urna. of a.a.ytica. chemistry 2024年第6期15卷 201-218页

作者： Victor j. La. School of Mecha.ica. a.d Ma.eria.s Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

This pa.er describes ma.s-ba.ed energy pha.e-spa.e proj.ction of microwa.e-a.sisted synthesis of tra.sition meta.s (zinc oxide, pa.la.ium, silver, pla.inum, a.d gold) na.ostructures. The proj.ction uses process energy budget (mea.ured in kj. on the horizonta. a.es a.d process density (mea.ured in kj.−1) on the vertica. a.es. These two a.es a.low both ma.s usa.e efficiency (Environmenta.-Fa.tor) a.d energy efficiency to be eva.ua.ed for a.ra.ge of microwa.e a.plica.or a.d meta. synthesis. The metrics a.e a.lied to the: second, sixth a.d eleventh principle of the twelve principle of Green chemistry. This a.a.ytica. a.proa.h to microwa.e synthesis (widely considered a. a.useful Green chemistry energy source) a.lows a.qua.tified dyna.ic environmenta. quotient to be given to renewa.le pla.t-ba.ed bioma.s a.socia.ed with the reduction of the meta. precursors. Thus a.lowing a.degree of qua.tifica.ion of cla.med “eco-friendly” a.d “susta.na.le” synthesis with rega.d to wa.te production a.d energy usa.e.

关键词： Microwa.e-a.sisted Synthesis Tra.sition Meta.s Na.ostructures a.lometry Sca.ing Power-La. Signa.ure Green chemistry