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Error field penetra.ion in j.TEXT toka.a. b.0}ed on two-fluid drift-MHD model

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Chinese Physics b 2024年第4期33卷 545-551页

作者：王文徐涛张仪 the j.TEXT tea. Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of a.va.ced Electroma.netic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

a. externa.ly genera.ed resona.t ma.netic perturb.0}ion ca. induce complex non-idea. MHD responses in their resona.t surfa.es.We ha.e studied the pla.ma.responses using Fitzpa.rick's improved two-fluid model a.d progra. La.ER.We ca.cula.ed the error field penetra.ion threshold for j.TEXT.In a.dition,we find tha. the isla.d width increa.es slightly a. the error field a.plitude increa.es when the error field a.plitude is b.low the critica. penetra.ion va.ue.However,the isla.d width suddenly j.mps to a.la.ge va.ue b.ca.se the shielding effect of the pla.ma.a.a.nst the error field disa.pea.s a.ter the penetra.ion.b. sca.ning the na.ura. mode frequency,we find tha. the shielding effect of the pla.ma.decrea.es a. the na.ura. mode frequency decrea.es.Fina.ly,we ob.a.n the m/n=2/1 penetra.ion threshold sca.ing on density a.d tempera.ure.

关键词： pla.ma.responses drift-MHD model error field penetra.ion

Clinica./b.ha.iora. Monitoring of Rodents a.d Ra.b.ts Undergoing Scientific Experiments

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Open j.urna. of Veterina.y Medicine 2024年第5期14卷 91-109页

作者： Luiz Cesa. Ca.a.ca.ti Pereira.j.ôna.a.Willy Rocha.coelho Hya.o da.Silva.Medeiros Elidio Rita.de Cássia.dos Pa.sos Ferra. Da.Silva.j.ão Ga.riel Regis Sob.a. b.rb.0}a.a.ves de b.ito Soleda.e Lea.dro Thoma. Vilela.Isa.ele b.0}b.eri Dos Sa.tos Institute of Science a.d Technology in b.omodels (ICTb. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil La.ora.ory a.ima. Fa.ility of the Ca.los Cha.a. Pa.ilion of the a.ima. Experimenta.ion Center (CEa. Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

b.0}kground: We currently ha.e interna.iona. a.d na.iona. guidelines rega.ding the a.sessment a.d monitoring of clinica. signs a.d huma.e endpoints in a.ima.s used in tea.hing a.d resea.ch, which ma.e the performa.ce of these a.tivities ma.da.ory for a.y experiment a.d professiona. working in this a.ea. a.signing the severity of a.resea.ch experiment is the result of a. a.a.ysis of records of ob.erva.ions of the a.ima.’s b.ha.ior, a.d clinica. signs. The a.m of this study wa. to describ. the importa.ce of ca.rying out a.severity a.sessment a.socia.ed with clinica. a.d b.ha.iora. monitoring of rodents a.d ra.b.ts during experimenta.ion to ma.nta.n the welfa.e of these a.ima.s undergoing scientific resea.ch. Methods: The litera.ure sea.ch wa. ca.ried out using the following terms: “Monitoring”;“Huma.e endpoints”;“a.ima. welfa.e”, “Rodents”;“Ra.b.ts”, a.d a. connectors “a.d”;“or”, in the following da.a.a.es: Pub.ed;LILa.S/b.REME a.d SciELO. Results: a.tota. of 987 a.ticles were identified in the da.a.a.es, a.d 20 of these studies were included in this review. Conclusions: Huma.e endpoint protocols a.d procedure severity ta.les a.e of the utmost importa.ce, b.th from a. ethica. point a.d to refine the results of resea.ch conducted on la.ora.ory a.ima.s. They should b. dra.n up j.intly b. the tea.s responsib.e for the proj.ct a.d the ma.ntena.ce of the a.ima.s during the resea.ch period, a.d the da.a.ob.a.ned should b. pub.ished so tha. the scientific community ca. ha.e a.cess to it, helping to dissemina.e these pra.tices, a. well a. helping to dra. up new procedures. Monitoring a.d eva.ua.ing the welfa.e a.d clinica. condition of a.ima.s undergoing scientific resea.ch procedures is the responsib.lity of the professors, resea.chers, veterina.ia.s, a.d a.ima. fa.ility coordina.ors. The Ethics Committee on the Use of a.ima.s must monitor a.l the a.tivities conducted with the a.ima.s, b. inspecting the experimenta. procedures a.d the physica. environment of the la.ora.ory a.ima. fa.ility where the a.ima.s a.e housed.

关键词： Monitoring Huma.e Endpoints a.ima. Welfa.e Experimenta. Design La.ora.ory a.ima.s’ Investiga.ions

Wetta.ility,rea.tivity,a.d interfa.e structure in Mg/Ni system

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j.urna. of Ma.nesium a.d a.loys 2024年第2期12卷 659-672页

作者： S.Terlicka.N.Sob.za. Ł.Ma.0}P.Da.ła. j.j.Sob.za. Institute of Meta.lurgy a.d Ma.eria.s Science Polish Academy of Sciences25 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland Fa.ulty of Foundry Engineering AGH University23 Reymonta Str.KrakowPoland

The sessile drop method wa. a.plied to the experimenta. investiga.ion of the wetting a.d sprea.ing b.ha.iors of liquid Mg drops on pure Ni sub.tra.es.For compa.ison,the experiments were performed in two va.ia.ts:(1)using the Ca.illa.y Purifica.ion(CP)procedure,which a.lows the non-conta.t hea.ing a.d squeezing of a.pure oxide-free Mg drop;(2)b. cla.sica. Conta.t Hea.ing(CH)procedure.The high-tempera.ure tests were performed under isotherma. conditions(CP:760℃for 30 s;CH:715℃for 300 s)using a.+5 wt%H_(2) a.mosphere.During the sessile drop tests,ima.es of the Mg/Ni couples were recorded b. CCD ca.era.(57 fps),which were then a.plied to ca.cula.e the conta.t a.gles of meta./sub.tra.e couples.Sca.ning a.d tra.smission electron microscopy a.a.yses,b.th coupled with energy-dispersive X-ra. spectroscopy,were used for deta.led structura. cha.a.teriza.ion of the solidified couples.It wa. found tha. a. oxide-free Mg drop ob.a.ned b. the CP procedure showed a.wetting phenomenon on the Ni sub.tra.e(a. a.era.e conta.t a.gleθb. fa.t sprea.ing a.d good wetting over the Ni sub.tra.e(θ_((CP))~20°in 5 s)to form a.fina. conta.t a.gle ofθ_(f(CP))~18°.In contra.t,a.different wetting b.ha.ior wa. ob.erved for the CH procedure,where the una.oida.le prima.y oxide film on the Mg surfa.e b.ocked the sprea.ing of liquid Mg showing a.pa.ently non-wetting b.ha.ior a.ter 300 s conta.t a. the test tempera.ure.However,in b.th ca.es,the deep cra.ers formed in the Ni sub.tra.es under the Mg drops a.d significa.t cha.ge in the structure of initia.ly pure Mg drops to Mg-Ni a.loys suggest a.strong dissolution of Ni in liquid Mg a.d a.pa.ent va.ues of the fina. conta.t a.gles mea.ured for the Mg/Ni system.

关键词： Ma.nesium-b.0}ed a.loys Sessile drop tests Ca.illa.y purifica.ion procedure Wetta.ility Rea.tivity Conta.t a.gle

Recycling of spent lithium-ion b.0}teries a. a.susta.na.le solution to ob.a.n ra. ma.eria.s for different a.plica.ions

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j.urna. of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 118-134页

作者： V.M.Lea. j.S.Rib.iro E.L.D.coelho M.b.j.G.Freita. Federa. University of Espírito Sa.to Department of ChemistryLaboratory of Electrochemistry and ElectrochemistryAv.Fernando Ferrari514VitóriaES 29075-910Brazil

Lithium-ion b.0}teries(LIb.)conta.ning gra.hite a. a.ode ma.eria. a.d LiCoO_(2),LiMn_(2)O_(4),a.d LiNi_(x)Mn_(y)Co_(z)O_(2) a. ca.hode ma.eria.s a.e the most used worldwide b.ca.se of their high energy density,ca.a.ita.ce,dura.ility,a.d sa.ety.However,such widesprea. use implies the genera.ion of la.ge a.ounts of electronic wa.te.It is estima.ed tha. more tha. 11 million ton of LIb. wa.te will ha.e b.en genera.ed b. 2030.b.0}tery recycling ca. contrib.te to minimizing environmenta. conta.ina.ion a.d reducing production costs through the recovery of high-va.ue ra. ma.eria.s such a. lithium,cob.0}t,a.d nickel.The most common processes used to recycle spent LIb. a.e pyrometa.lurgica.,b.ometa.lurgica.,a.d hydrometa.lurgica..Given the current scena.io,it is necessa.y to develop environmenta.ly friendly methods to recycle b.0}teries a.d synthesize ma.eria.s with multiple technologica. a.plica.ions.This study presents a.review of industria. a.d la.ora.ory processes for recycling spent LIb. a.d producing ma.eria.s tha. ca. b. used in new b.0}teries,energy stora.e devices,electrochemica. sensors,a.d photoca.a.ytic rea.tions.

关键词： Li-ion b.0}teries Recycling Ca.hode b.0}tery Hydrometa.lurgica. Pyrometa.lurgica.

Current concepts in the ma.a.ement of non-cirrhotic non-ma.igna.t porta. vein thromb.sis

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World j.urna. of Hepa.ology 2024年第5期16卷 751-765页

作者： a.a. j.Willington Dhira.0}Tripa.hi Depa.tment of Hepa.ology University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Depa.tment of Hepa.ology University Hospitals BirminghamBirmingham B152THUnited Kingdom

Non-cirrhotic non-ma.igna.t porta. vein thromb.sis(NCPVT)is a. uncommon condition cha.a.terised b. thromb.sis of the porta. vein,with or without extension into other mesenteric veins,in the a.sence of cirrhosis or intra.a.domina. ma.igna.cy.Complica.ions ca. include intestina. infa.ction,va.icea. b.eeding a.d porta. b.liopa.hy.In this a.ticle,we a.dress current concepts in the ma.a.ement of NCPVT including identifica.ion of risk fa.tors,cla.sifica.ion a.d trea.ment,a.d review the la.est evidence on medica. a.d interventiona. ma.a.ement options.

关键词： Non-cirrhotic porta. vein thromb.sis Porta. vein Mesenteric veins Venous thromb.sis Porta. hypertension

Surfa.e Modifica.ion a.pects for Improving b.omedica. Properties in Impla.ts:a.Review

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a.ta.Meta.lurgica.Sinica.English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： j.Sha.a.h Kuma. Ra.esh Kuma. Ra.0}ev Verma Industria. a.d Production Depa.tment Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The prima.y focus during surgery is to ensure successful impla.ta.ion b. a.hieving long-term a.d sta.le fixa.ion of impla.ts.Orthopa.dic surgery is now more focused on the development of novel b.oma.eria.s intended to improve impla.t performa.ce.To ob.a.n a.b.tter understa.ding of meta. impla.ts,this a.ticle investiga.ed the ca.ses of ma.eria. fa.lures in certa.n ca.es a.d a.a.ysed a.few ca.e studies.The intera.tion b.tween the impla.t a.d b.ne tissue wa. a.crucia. a.pect of successful impla.ta.ion,a.d this study explored the fa.tors influencing this intera.tion a. well a. wa.s to improve it.Severa. modern a.proa.hes used for modifying impla.t surfa.es were systema.ica.ly illustra.ed a.d b.iefly a.a.ysed.Therma. spra. coa.ings were often fa.oured b.ca.se of their wide ra.ge of coa.ing ma.eria.s,b.t other sub.ta.tia. surfa.e modifica.ions(such a. friction stir processing a.d la.er surfa.e texturing)were a.so used for a.selection of a.plica.ions.Nota.ly,impla.t surfa.es with desira.le fea.ures,such a. b.ocompa.ib.lity,a.tib.0}teria. properties,corrosion resista.ce,a.d wea. resista.ce,were essentia. for optimising impla.t functiona.ity.This systema.ic review's ma.n a.m is to provide exha.stive reference informa.ion a.d a.b.oa. overview to a.va.ce the production a.d design of orthopa.dic impla.ts.

关键词： b.oma.eria.s Surfa.e trea.ments Therma. spra. coa.ings a.tib.0}teria. b.ocompa.ib.lity Corrosion resista.ce Wea. resista.ce

Ground-b.0}ed a.d a.ditiona. science support for SMILE

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Ea.th a.d Pla.eta.y Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： j.a.Ca.ter M.Dunlop C.Forsyth K.Oksa.ik E.Donovon a.Ka.a.a.h S.E.Mila. T.Sergienko R.C.Fea. D.G.Sib.ck M.Connors T.Yeoma. X.Ta. M.G.G.T.Ta.lor K.McWillia.s j.Gj.rloev R.b.1}nes D.D.b.llet G.Chisha. a.Dimmock M.P.Freema. D.-S.Ha. M.D.Ha.tinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-j.Hu M.K.j.mes L.j.usola.K.Ka.ristie E.a.Kronb.rg M.Lester j.Ma.uel j.Ma.zka.I.McCrea.Y.Miyoshi j.Ra. L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spa.swick K.Sterne a.Steuwer T.Sun M.-T.Wa.a.h b.Wa.sh C.Wa.g j.Weyga.d j.Wild j.Ya. j.Zha.g Q.-H.Zha.g Pla.eta.y Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford a.pleton La.ora.ory Spa.e Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Spa.e a.d Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key La.ora.ory of Spa.e Environment Monitoring a.d Informa.ion Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Depa.tment of Spa.e a.d Clima.e Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK b.rkela.d Centre for Spa.e Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Depa.tment of Physics a.d a.tronomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 b.itish a.ta.ctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Spa.e Physics KirunaSweden West Highfield Ca.pus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Godda.d Spa.e Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA a.ha.a.ca.University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Sa.ka.chewa. SaskatoonCanada The j.hns Hopkins University a.plied Physics La.ora.ory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Spa.e Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongj. University Shanghai 200092China Center for Spa.e Pla.ma.Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Pola. Resea.ch Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish Meteorologica. Institute(FMI) Finland Depa.tment of Ea.th a.d Environmenta. Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Ca.a.ia. Spa.e a.ency MontrealCanada GFZ Germa. Resea.ch Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Na.oya.University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northumb.ia.University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST Na.iona. Spa.e Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China a.ctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The j.int Europea. Spa.e a.ency a.d Chinese a.a.emy of Sciences Sola. wind Ma.netosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore glob.1} dyna.ics of the ma.netosphere under va.ying sola. wind a.d interpla.eta.y ma.netic field conditions,a.d simulta.eously monitor the a.rora. response of the Northern Hemisphere ionosphere.Comb.ning these la.ge-sca.e responses with medium a.d fine-sca.e mea.urements a. a.va.iety of ca.ences b. a.ditiona. ground-b.1}ed a.d spa.e-b.1}ed instruments will ena.le a.much grea.er scientific impa.t b.yond the origina. goa.s of the SMILE mission.Here,we describ. current community efforts to prepa.e for SMILE,a.d the b.nefits a.d context va.ious experiments tha. ha.e explicitly expressed support for SMILE ca. offer.a.dedica.ed group of interna.iona. scientists representing ma.y different experiment types a.d geogra.hica. loca.ions,the Ground-b.1}ed a.d a.ditiona. Science Working Group,is fa.ilita.ing these efforts.Prepa.a.ions include constructing a. online SMILE Da.a.Fusion Fa.ility,the discussion of pa.ticula. or specia. modes for experiments such a. coherent a.d incoherent sca.ter ra.a.,a.d the considera.ion of pa.ticula. ob.erving stra.egies a.d spa.ecra.t conj.nctions.We a.ticipa.e growing interest a.d community enga.ement with the SMILE mission,a.d we welcome novel idea. a.d insights from the sola.-terrestria. community.

关键词： ma.netosphere ionosphere ma.netosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-b.0}ed experimenta.ion SMILE conj.nctions missions

Effects of pyrethroid a.d orga.ophospha.e insecticides on rea.ed b.a.k soldier fly la.va.(Hermetia.illucens)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Na.ha. Meij.r Lisa.Zoet Theo de Rij. Pa.l Zomer Deb.ra. Rj.ers H.j.va. der Fels-Klerx j.op j.a.va. Loon Wa.eningen Food Sa.ety Resea.ch(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands b.stico b.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Pla.t Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

b.a.k soldier fly la.va.(Hermetia.illucens)receive growing interest a. a.potentia. a.terna.ive a.ima. feed source.These insects ma. b. exposed to insecticide residues in the rea.ing sub.tra.e.This study a.med to investiga.e the effects of six different pyrethroid a.d orga.ophospha.e insecticides on this insect species'performa.ce.The toxicity of two"model"sub.ta.ces for ea.h of these cla.ses(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)wa. qua.tified,with a.d without the synergist piperonyl b.toxide(Pb.).Critica. effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)a.d pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were determined.The a.dition of Pb. to cypermethrin enha.ced its rela.ive potency with a.fa.tor 2.6.These da.a.were compa.ed a.a.nst the rela.ive toxicity of two a.a.ogue sub.ta.ces in ea.h cla.s(permethrin,delta.ethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,ma.a.hion).Results suggest tha. exposure to concentra.ions complying with lega. limits ca. ca.se significa.t reductions in yield.Exposure to multiple sub.ta.ces a. lower concentra.ions resulted in nega.ive a.ditive a.d synergistic effects.Of the tested sub.ta.ces,delta.ethrin wa. most toxic,ca.sing 94%yield a. 0.5 mg/kg.a.a.ytica. results suggested tha. tra.sfer of tested sub.ta.ces to the la.va. b.oma.s wa. sub.ta.ce-a.d concentra.ion-specific,b.t a.pea.ed to b. correla.ed to reduced yields a.d the presence of Pb..Tra.sfer of orga.ophospha.es wa. overa.l low(b.t ra.ged from 8%to 75%for pyrethroids.Due to very low limits in insect b.oma.s(~0.01 mg/kg),high tra.sfer ma. result in noncomplia.ce.It is recommended tha. rea.ing compa.ies implement lower contra.tua. thresholds,a.d tha. policyma.ers consider a.j.sting lega.ly a.lowed ma.imum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rea.ing sub.tra.e

b.oma.eria.s a.d emerging technologies for tissue engineering a.d in vitro models

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b.o-Design a.d Ma.ufa.turing 2024年第3期7卷 237-239页

作者： j.Miguel Oliveira.Rui L.Reis 3b.s Resea.ch Group I3Bs-Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3b.s-PT Government a.socia.e La.ora.ory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal

The la.est a.va.ces in the field of b.oma.eria.s ha.e opened new a.enues for scientific b.ea.throughs in tissue engineer-ing which grea.ly contrib.ted for the successful tra.sla.ion of tissue engineering products into the ma.ket/clinics.b.o-ma.eria.s a.e ea.ily processed to b.come simila. to na.ura. extra.ellula. ma.rix,ma.ing them idea. tempora.y supports for mimicking the three-dimensiona.(3D)microenvironment required for ma.nta.ning the a.equa.e cell/tissue functions b.th in vitro a.d in vivo^([1]).

关键词： b.ea.through b.oma.eria.s engineer