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j.urnal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第12期1卷 1322-1334页

作者： Sebastian R. Goers Barbara Pflaglmayer Martin j. Luger Energy Institute Johannes Kepler University of Linz Altenberger Strafle 69 AustraliaLinz 4040

The paper focuses on links between the EU ETS （European Union Emissions Trading Scheme） and selected （domestic） greenhouse gas ETS （emissions trading schemes） from Asia and North America which could open up a perspective to keep the idea of emissions trading alive on a global scale and confront the actual uncertainty in future climate policy. The approach consists of investigating qualitatively the essential requirements of this alternative bottom-up approach. It is evaluated if variations or inconsistencies in the structure and design of domestic ETS as well as legal and institutional characteristics harm or facilitate the concept of linking with the EU ETS. The evaluation of systems leads to the exclusion of systems with voluntary character, relative caps, unrestricted borrowing and price caps from the group of potential linking candidates.

关键词： European Emissions Trading Scheme international and domestic emissions trading linking post-Kyoto.

Gravitational Signature of Matter-Antimatter Interaction

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j.urnal of Modern Physics 2015年第3期6卷 201-213页

作者： Shawqi Al Dallal Walid j. Azzam Mar de Fez College of Graduate Studies and Research Ahlia University Manama Bahrain Department of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir Bahrain

The gravitational signature of antimatter has received growing interest during the past few decades. Much of the theoretical work in ordinary tensor gravity rules out any difference in the gravitational interaction of matter and antimatter. Fundamental principles and theoretical models describing the nature of matter and antimatter are reviewed. The implication of a probable repulsive field between matter and antimatter and its far reaching consequences on certain cosmic issues, such as the early phase of the Big Bang, the Hawking radiation, virtual particle production and annihilations, are discussed. Experiments designed to probe the gravitational signature of antimatter are reviewed, and a new space-borne experiment to probe the nature of matter-antimatter interactions is proposed.

关键词： Antimatter Gravitation Interactions

Penicillin-G: Efficacy against <i>Flavobacterium psychrophilum</i>and evaluation of lethal dose limits for rainbow trout

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Open j.urnal of Animal Sciences 2012年第3期2卷 150-158页

作者： Eric j. Wagner Randall W. Oplinger Matthew Bartley G Fisheries Experiment Station Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Logan USA

The effect of penicillin-G on Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the cause of bacterial coldwater disease, was evaluated in 15 min and overnight exposures. Separate tests evaluated the effect of increasing doses of penicillin-G to rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss eggs, fingerlings, and adults. Rainbow trout eggs were exposed for 1 h to penicillin doses of 0, 250, 500, 1,000, 10,000, 50,000, or 100,000 IU/mL. Mean percent hatch ranged from 64.6% to 75.1%, and did not significantly differ among the treatments. Fingerlings were inj.cted intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 200 μL of 0, 1, 10, 100, 1,000, 10,000, 100,000, or 500,000 IU/mL. Probit analysis resulted in a LD10 (lethal dose for 10% of inj.cted fish) of 52,868 IU/mL (95% confidence limits: 31,522 - 69,490 IU/mL) and a LD50 of 131,466 IU/mL (113,095 - 157,878 IU/mL). Brood stock were inj.cted (i.p.) with 200 μL of penicillin at concentrations of 0 (control), 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, 200,000, 400,000, or 800,000 IU/mL. Mortality ranged from 0% to 7% (50,000 IU/mL treatment) and did not significantly differ among treatments. In 28 h exposure tests, penicillin concentrations of ≥ 333 IU/mL were required to completely suppress growth of F. psychrophilum. In 15 min exposures, ≥ 10,000 IU/mL were needed to achieve the same result. Tests indicated that rainbow trout eggs can tolerate 1 h exposures to penicillin-G concentrations as high as 100,000 IU/mL, and that brood fish can tolerate inj.ctions of at least 800,000 IU/mL. Fingerling data however, suggested that inj.ction of doses greater than 10,000 IU/mL can be toxic. The data suggests rainbow trout eggs or brood can tolerate high doses of penicillin-G that could be used for controlling the transfer of F. psychrophilum to hatcheries receiving eggs.

关键词： Flavobacterium psychrophilum Penicillin Antibiotics Toxicity Drug Safety

<i>In Vivo</i>Antiretroviral Effects of the Medicinal Synthetic Aluminum-Magnesium Silicate

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World j.urnal of AIDS 2015年第2期5卷 59-65页

作者： Maduike C. O. Ezeibe Ij.oma j. Ogbonna Department of Veterinary Medicine Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria

Viral loads (copies of RNA per ml of plasma) of HIV/AIDS patients, who volunteered for clinical trial of the Medicinal synthetic Aluminum-magnesium silicate, were assessed, before and after they were treated. The treatment lasted 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks respectively. A patient who could not access approved laboratory for viral load test on time, continued the treatment?for 24 weeks. Following treatment with the medicine, mean viral load of HIV/AIDS patients reduced (P j.int pain, leg edema and sore throat. These clinical signs ceased when they were treated, so that the antiretroviral treatment was completed. The patient who was on the medication for 24 weeks had no adverse drug reaction.

关键词： Clinical Trial Medicinal Synthetic Aluminum-Magnesium Silicate (Nanoparticles) Cure for HIV/AIDS

Acute respiratory distress syndrome after liver transplantation: etiology, prevention and management

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2002年第3期1卷 330-334页

作者： Li G.-S. Ye Q.-F. Xia S.-S. Chen Z.-S. Gong N.-Q. Zhang W.-j. Wen Z.-X. Sha P. j.ang j.-P. Tongj. Organ Transplantation Inst. Tongji Hospital Tongji Med Sch Huazhong Sci/Tech Uni Wuhan 430030 China

Obj.ctive: To study the etiology, prevention andmanagement of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) after liver ***: The clinical data of 104 patients with end-stage liver diseases who had had liver transplanta-tions were retrospectively ***: Seventeen patients (16.3%, 17/104) alto-gether were diagnosed as having ARDS after livertransplantation. Ten of them developed ARDS within24 hours, of whom 1 died during the operation, and7 developed ARDS 3 or 4 days after they were extu-bated and when methylprednisolone was *** of the 17 ARDS patients (14/17) werefound to have overloaded crystalloid infusion, mas-sive transfusion of blood or blood products such asplasma, platelets, in addition to a prolonged surgicaltime secondary to serious bleeding during the dis-eased liver removal without evidence of active infec-tion. One was found to have serious systemic infec-tion and operatively disseminated intravascular coag-ulation. Four of the recipients developed ARDS sud-denly when intravenous cyclosporine was given on the3rd day after operation. One patient of the 4 had allof the aforementioned conditions. Two patients suf-fered from gastric aspiration. Five (30%, 5/17) ofthem survived ARDS with the combined treatmentconsisting of positive end-expiratory pressure me-chanicai ventilation suctioning as much edema fluidor sputum as possible, administration of diuretics,bolus of corticosteroids, and culture-based antibiot-ics. Hemeodialysis was indicated for patients with ol-iguric renal ***: ARDS is a serious multifactoral compli-cation after liver transplantation with a high mortali-ty and fatality. The most likely cause is fluid over-load from crystalloid liquid infusion or massive trans-fusion. The other predisposing or contributing fac-tors include sepsis, Ⅳ use of cyclosporine, fast ta-pering of corticosteroids, and gastric *** factors such as transfusion-related acute lunginj.ry (TRALI), and reper

关键词： ARDS liver transplantation factors prevention management

Ecotoxicological Dynamics of the Coastal Soil Ecosystem of Oil Producing Regions of Ondo State, Nigeria

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Open j.urnal of Ecology 2018年第4期8卷 250-269页

作者： Adenike A. Akinsemolu Felix A. Akinyosoye Daniel j. Arotupin Department of Microbiology Federal University of Technology Akure Ondo State Nigeria The Green Institute Ondo Ondo State Nigeria

The industrial revolution marked the beginning of unprecedented anthropogenic growth and technological advancement that also inadvertently led to acute environmental degradation. This technological advancement was driven by the use fossil fuels such as crude oil. Crude oil extraction through drilling has resulted in widespread environmental pollution and deterioration of natural habitats. The Ondo State region in Nigeria presents one such expanse where large scale crude extraction operations have caused hazardous environmental pollution and toxic substance contamination. This study is a comprehensive and holistic study of the terrestrial soil ecosystem aimed towards elucidating the potential ecotoxicity that may have adversely affected the area. The results indicated that the terrestrial soil ecosystem was largely acidic (~pH6) and the organic matter content ranged from 6% to 12% indicating the soil was hydric. The results also indicated that the terrestrial soil environment was contaminated with toxic heavy metals including cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As). The toxic heavy metal concentration of the soil ecosystem was higher during the dry season. The Cr concentration in the soil samples was >3 ppm in most of the sampling sites, which exceeded WHO maximum permissible limit. Mean concentrations of the heavy metals in the soil samples in both seasons were of the order: Cr > Pb > Cd > As. The soil ecosystem was also characterized by a diverse and large population of microorganisms including bacteria like Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, and several species of fungi.

关键词： Anthropogenic Growth Crude Oil Extraction Ecotoxicity Toxic Heavy Metals Ilaj.

Report　on　Rare　Earth　Market　Evolution　and　Involvement　of　Rhone－Poulenc　in　the　Market

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 1995年第2期13卷 128-132页

作者： Matthews j.D Vanderstricht j.P(Rhone-Poulenc Rare Earths and Gallium) Rhone-Poulenc Rare Earths and Gallium La Rochelle France

The first production of rare earths by the business now called Rhone Poulenec Rare Earths and Gallium was at the tum of the ceritury in Normandy, northern France under the name Societedes Terres Rares. Manufacturing of rare earths started at La Rochelle on the west coast of France in 1946 and at Freeport in Texas in 1981 . Since 1988 we have maintained a production unit in j.pan also, originally in cooperation with Sumitomo Metal Mining and more recently with Santoku Metal Industries.

关键词： Rare earths Rare earth market Rhone-poulenc

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Influence of Fast Global Variations of Solar Magnetic Fields on Space Weather in Cycle 23

作者： (美)A. j. 雅各布斯(A. j. j.cobs)

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空间科学学报 2005年第5期25卷 460-467页

作者： S. I. Molodykh G. A. Zherebtsov V. A. Kovalenko j. X. Wang V. I. Sidorov Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Irkutsk 664033 Russia National Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences

It is established that the large-scale and global magnetic fields in the Sun's atmosphere do not change smoothly, and long-lasting periods of gradual variations are superseded by fast structural changes of the global magnetic field. Periods of fast global changes on the Sun are accompanied by anomalous manifestations in the interplanetary space and in the geomagnetic field. There is a regular recurrence of these periods in each cycle of solar activity, and the periods are characterized by enhanced flaring activity that reflects fast changes in magnetic structures. Is demonstrated, that the fast changes have essential influencing on a condition of space weather, as most strong geophysical disturbances are connected to sporadic phenomena on the Sun. An explanation has been offered for the origin of anomalous geomagnetic disturbances that are unidentifiable in traditionally used solar activity indices. Is shown, main physical mechanism that leads to fast variations of the magnetic fields in the Sun's atmosphere is the reconnection process.

关键词：太阳活动磁场空间气候大气动态变化太阳光

Update on Hepatitis B Virus Infection:Focus on Treatment

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j.urnal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2014年第4期2卷 285-291页

作者： Stephanos j. Hadziyannis Liver Unit and its Molecular Biology Laboratory National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Evgenidion Hospital of Athens Athens Greece

This review article is an update of the current treatment strategies available for chronic hepatitis B. In addition to achieving on-therapy clinical remission and suppression of HBV replication without resistance, the ultimate goal of therapy is the development of sustained remission and HBsAg loss after discontinuation of treatment. This is the closest possible to cure outcome for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. These goals can be achieved by response-guided courses of pegylated interferon (peg-IFN)-alpha at rates higher than 30%, both in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive and HBeAg-negative patients. Review of the data regarding discontinuation of long term NA treatment in HBeAg-negative patients revealed that stopping such therapy is safe with high rates of sustained off treatment responses that appear to be immunologically induced. Decreasing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) titers under therapy to<500, particularly<100 IU/mL, and adding a course of peg-IFN to ongoing long term nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) therapy increase the percentage of sustained responses following discontinuation of NA treatment.

关键词： HBV Treatment Chronic hepatitis Interferon NA discontinuation