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Chinese life cycle impact assessment factors

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第2期13卷 205-209页

作者： Yang, j.-X. Nielsen, p.H. Research Cntr. for Eco-Envtl. Sci. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

The methodological basis and procedures for determination of Chinese normalization references and weighting factors according to the EDIp-method is described. According to Chinese industrial development intensity and population density, China was divided into three regions and the normalization references for each region were calculated on the basis of an inventory of all of the region's environmental emissions in 1990. The normalization reference was determined as the total environmental impact potential for the area in question in 1990(Ep(j)90) divided by the population. The weighting factor was determined as the normalization reference (ER(j)90) divided by society's target contribution in the year 2000 based on Chinese political reduction plans, ER(j)T2000. This paper presents and discuss results obtained for eight different environmental impact categories relevant for China: global warming, stratospheric ozone depletion, acidification, nutrient enrichment, photochemical ozone formation and generation of bulk waste, hazardous waste and slag and ashes.

关键词： Environmental impact Global warming Life cycle Ozone Sustainable development

Modeling of the role of defects in sintered FeCrAlY foams

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2007年第5期23卷 511-529页

作者： M.Kepets T.j.Lu A.p.Dowling Cambridge University Engineering Department Cambridge CB2 1PZUK MOE Key Laboratory of Strength and Vibration School of AerospaceXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

The metal sintering approach offers a costeffective means for the mass-production of open-cell foams from a range of materials, including high-temperature steel alloys, which offer novel mechanical and acoustic properties. In a separate experimental study, the mechanical properties of open-celled steel alloy （FeCrA1Y） foams have been characterized under uniaxial compression and shear loading. Compared to predictions from established models, a significant knockdown in material properties was observed. This knockdown was attributed to the presence of defects throughout the microstructure that result from the unique fabrication process. In the present paper, the microstructure of sintered FeCrA1Y foams was modeled by using a finite element （FE） model. In particular, microstructural variations were introduced to a base lattice, and the effects on the strength and stiffness calculated. A range of defects identified under scanning electronic microscope （SEM） imaging were considered including broken ligaments, thickness variations, and pore blockages, which are the three primary imperfections observed in sintered foams. The corresponding levels of defect present in the material were subsequently input into the FE model, with the resulting predictions correlating well with experimental data.

关键词： Metal foam Mechanical performance Defect Finite element SEM

Fluctuating hydrodynamic methods for fluid-structure interactions in confined channel geometries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第1期39卷 125-152页

作者： Y. WANG H. LEI p.j. ATZBERGER Department of Mathematics University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 U. S. A. pacific Northwestern National Laboratories Richland WA 99354 U. S. A.

We develop computational teractions subject to thermal fluctuations geometry. The methods take into account methods for the study of fluid-structure in- when confined within channels with slit-like the hydrodynamic coupling and diffusivity of microstructures when influenced by their proximity to no-slip walls. We develop stochas- tic numerical methods subject to no-slip boundary conditions using a staggered finite volume discretization. We introduce techniques for discretizing stochastic systems in a manner that ensures results consistent with statistical mechanics. We show how an exact fluctuation-dissipation condition can be used for this purpose to discretize the stochastic driving fields and combined with an exact projection method to enforce incompressibil- ity. We demonstrate our computational methods by investigating how the proximity of ellipsoidal colloids to the channel wall affects their active hydrodynamic responses and passive diffusivity. We also study for a large number of interacting particles collective drift-diffusion dynamics and associated correlation h/actions. We expect the introduced stochastic computational methods to be broadly applicable to applications in which con- finement effects play an important role in the dynamics of microstructures subject to hydrodynamic coupling and thermal fluctuations.

关键词： fluctuating Eulerian-Lagrangian method hydrodynamics immersed (SELM) ellipsoidal colloid boundary method stochastic mobility nanochannel

Cellular automata modelling of grain coarsening during reheating——Ⅱ. Abnormal grain growth

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journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2005年第1期12卷 26-32页

作者： WanhuaYu E.j.palmiere S.p.Banks jingtaoHan DepartmentofMaterialsEngineering UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijingBeijing100083China DepartmentofEngineeringMaterials UniversityofSheffieldS13JDSheffieldUK DepartmentofAutomaticControlandSystemsEngineering UniversityofSheffieldS13JDSheffieldUK

The 2-dimensional cellular automata (CA) simulation technique has been utilized to investigate the abnormal grain coarsening. The growth of abnormal grains is modelled under this assumption that different grains have different boundary energies and boundary mobilities. As temperature increases, some grains may first get rid of the particle pinning effect. Thus a high probability is obtained for atoms to jump over the boundary, so that they can consume other primary retained grains quickly. From the simulation, the characteristics of the abnormal grain coarsening under different conditions are demonstrated successfully. An experiment has also been carried out to reflect the abnormal grain coarsening on the microalloy steel. Simulation results are quite close to the experimental evidence.

关键词： computer simulation grain growth microstructure reheating

Cellular automata modelling of austenite grain coarsening during reheating——I. Normal grain coarsening

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journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2004年第6期11卷 517-523页

作者： WanhuaYU E.j.palmiere S.p.Banks jingtaoHan MaterialsScienceandEngineeringSchool UniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijingBeijing100083China DepartmentofEngineeringMaterials UniversityofSheffieldSheffieldS13JDUK DepartmentofAutomaticControlandSystemsEngineering UniversityofSheffieldSheffieldS13JDUK

A two-dimensional cellular automaton (CA) model has been developed for thedescription of the normal grain coarsening process. The probabilistic CA method incorporatingMoore's definition of the neighbourhood is used to simulate the normal grain coarsening process witha new transition rule. The model simulates the grain coarsening process in as much detail that ispossible, from the point of initial nucleation to subsequent coarsening with computational *** unique result is that the grain coarsening speed can be controlled by the specific method, thisresult is vital to model the grain coarsening quantitatively. In order to make this model valid,experimental work has been done to provide solid evidence for this model. Comparison of themodelling result and the experimental result has been carried out.

关键词： computer simulation grain growth microstructure reheating

Design of Agents Interacting with Immunoregulating proteins:potential Inhibitors of the phenylpyruvate Tautomerase Activity Catalysed by Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)

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Chinese journal of Chemistry 2003年第10期21卷 1256-1262页

作者： CARpY Alain j.M. HAASBROEK p.p. OLIVER D.W. pTC-UMR 5472 CNRS Department of Pharmacy and PharmacologyPharmacology Faculty of Health Science University of Bordeaux ITalence France University of Witwatersrand JohannesburgSouth AfricaPotchefstroom University for CHE PotchefstroomSouth Africa

The macrophage migration inhibitory factor has been implicated in a number ofimmune and inflammatory processes. MIF presents particular opportunities for drug design anddevelopment with potential therapeutic applications. Drug design strategies taking intoconsideration of specific stereochemical and tautomeric requirements in the interaction of MIF withsubstrates and inhibitors allow several novel structures to be designed. Our investigationssuccessfully explored the tautomeric and stereochemical aspects of new compounds of the2-phenylpyruvic acid type, both experimentally, through synthesis and structural investigations andcomputationally, through molecular mechanics and quantum mechanics calculations.

关键词： macrophage migration inhibitory factor phenylpyru-vate tautomerase activity azlactone phenylpyruvic acid derivative

IoT Based Approach in a power System Network for Optimizing Distributed Generation parameters

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第6期119卷 541-558页

作者： p.Shanmugapriya j.Baskaran C.Nayanatara D.p.Kothari Sri SaiRam Engineering College Chennai-600044Tamil Nadu.India Adhiparasakthi Engineering College Melmaruvathur.Kanchipuram DistrictTamil Nadu Dean-Research&Development J.D.College of Engineering and ManagementNagpur

The objective of this paper is to provide a robust Virtual power plant(Vpp)network collaborated with Internet of Things(IoT)which uses a conceptual model to integrate each device in the *** on the functionality all the devices which are purely distributed within the grid are networked initially from residential units to substations and up to service data and demand *** ensure the trapping of the available power and the efficient transfer of Distributed Generation(DG)power to the grid Distribution Active Control(DAC)strategy is *** optimization of DG parameter which includes DG size,location and type are adopted using Dispatch *** case studies are optimized by rescheduling the generation and with load *** Customer Benefit(MCB)is taken as an objective function and a straight forward solution is given by heuristic search *** method was vindicated in a practical Indian Utility *** control proposes better performances,ensures reliability and efficiency even under parameter variations along with disturbances which is justified using IEEE 118 bus system and real time Indian utility 63 bus *** reveal that the proposed technique proves advantages of low computational intricacy.

关键词： Customer benefit distributed generation internet of things virtual power plant distribution active control

Cytokines in the BALB/c mouse testis in various conditions

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Asian journal of Andrology 2001年第1期3卷 9-19页

作者： E.Verjnkorva M.Martikainen p.pllnen Department of Anatomy University of Turku FIN-20520 Turku FinlandDepartment of Anatomy University of Turku FIN-20520 Turku FinlandDepartment of Anatomy and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Turku FIN-20520 Turku Finland

Aim: To investigate whether testosterone, estrogens, vasectomy, experimental cryptorchidism, varicocele or agingwould induce changes in the cytokine environment of the mouse testis. Methods: In adult male BALB/c mice,testosterone implants, estradiol benzoate, vasectomy, unilateral cryptorchidism, unilateral varicocele were adminis-tered/performed. The mice were followed up for different periods of time and were then sacrificed with testes incisedfor examination. The control mice received the vehicle or sham-operation. Results: IL-10 was present in Leydigcells of nearly every testis and IL-10 + macrophages in 39% of testes. IL-6 was found in the testes of intact adultmice, mice treated with testosterone for 70 days, cryptorchid testes and sham-operated testes. Conclusion: Resultssuggest that IL-10 might be involved in the generation of the immunologically privileged microenvironment in the testis.(Asian j Androl 2001 Mar; 3: 9-19)

关键词： testosterone vasectomy estrogens cryptorchidism abdominal testis varicocele cyokines IL-10 macrophages clonal anergy

Factors Affecting Distribution of Vegetation Types on Abandoned Cropland in the Hilly-Gullied Loess plateau Region of China

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pedosphere 2008年第1期18卷 24-33页

作者： jIAO ju-Ying j. TZANOpOULOS p. XOFIS j. MITCHLEY Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest Sci-Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry Yangling Shaanxi 712100 (China) Centre for Agro-Environmental Research Department of Agriculture The University of Reading Barley Gate PO Box237 Reading RG6 6.4 R (UK) Imperial College London Department of Agricultural Sciences Wye Campus Wye Ashford Kent TN25 5AH (UK) nstitute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Yangling Shaanxi 712100 (China)

A study was conducted in the forest-steppe region of the Loess plateau to provide insight into the factors affecting the process of vegetation establishment,and to provide recommendations for the selection of indigenous species in order to speed up the succession process and to allow the establishment of vegetation more resistant to soil *** distinctive vegetation types were identified,and their distribution was affected not only by the time since abandonment but also by other environmental factors,mainly soil water and total p in the upper soil *** of the vegetation types,dominated by Artemisia scoparia,formed the early successional stage after abandonment while the other three types formed later successional stages with their distribution determined by the soil water content and total *** can be concluded that the selection of appropriate species for introduction to accelerate succession should be determined by the local conditions and especially the total p concentration and soil water content.

关键词： abandoned cropland Loess plateau soil erosion vegetation variation