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Ethylene-inhibiting compound 1-MCP delays leaf senescence in cotton plants under abiotic stress conditions

journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第7期14卷 1321-1331页

作者： CHEN Yuan j t cothren CHEN De-hua Amir M H Ibrahim Leonardo Lombardini Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station 77840USA jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Department of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M University College Station 77840USA

Cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） plants produce more ethylene when subjected to abiotic stresses, such as high temperatures and drought, which result in premature leaf senescence, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and thus decreased yield. this study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the ethylene-inhibiting compound 1-methylcyclopropene （I-MCP） treatment of cotton plants can delay leaf senescence under high temperature, drought, and the aging process in controlled environ- mental conditions. Potted cotton plants were exposed to 1-MCP treatment at the early square stage of development. the protective effect of 1-MCP against membrane damage was found on older compared to younger leaves, indicating 1-MCP could lower the stress level caused by aging. Application of 1-MCP resulted in reduction of lipid peroxidation, membrane leakage, soluble sugar content, and increased chlorophyll content, in contrast to the untreated plants under heat stress, suggesting that 1-MCP treatment of cotton plants may also have the potential to reduce the effect of heat stress in terms of delayed senescence. Application of 1-MCP caused reductions of lipid peroxidation, membrane leakage, and soluble sugar content, together with increases in water use efficiency （WUE）, water potential, chlorophyll content, and fluorescence quantum efficiency, compared to the untreated plants under drought, suggesting that 1-MCP treatment of cotton plants may also have the ability to reduce the level of stress under drought conditions. In conclusion, 1-MCP treatment of cotton should have the potential to delay senescence under heat and drought stress, and the aging process. Additionally, 1-MCP is more effective under stress than under non-stress conditions.

关键词： 1-MCP ethylene membrane leakage lipid peroxidation chlorophyll fluorescence total soluble sugar

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Effect of 1-MCP on Cotton Plants under Abiotic Stress Caused by Ethephon

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American journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第20期5卷 3005-3016页

作者： Yuan Chen j. t. cothren Dehua Chen Amir M. H. Ibrahim Leonardo Lombardini Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX USA jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Yangzhou China Department of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Many environmental stress factors have been identified to increase square and boll abscission and thus result in reduced cotton yield. Under stress conditions, ethylene is elicited. Ethylene peaks before abscission to promote the formation of the abscission layer and plays a major role in early season square and boll abortion in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). In addition, ethylene stimulates the leaf senescence process. thus, it is desirable to protect plants from ethylene-induced fruit loss and premature leaf senescence under stress conditions. the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) to protect cotton plants against abiotic stress caused by ethephon (ethylene promoting effect). Field studies using a randomized complete block design with four replications were conducted in 2010 and 2011 at texas A&M AgriLIFE Research Farm in Burleson County, tX. Eight treatments that consisted of two 1-MCP rates (0 and 10 g a.i. ha-1) in combination with four ethephon rates (0, 146, 292, 438 mL·ha-1) were imposed at the first flower (FF) stage of the development. 1-MCP increased plant height and number of main stem nodes in both years. In addition, 1-MCP-treated plants exhibited greater membrane integrity and increased photosystem II quantum efficiency and thus delayed senescence in both years. these potentials for yield increase were realized in 2011 with 1-MCP treatment exhibiting a higher lint yield. In 2012, although 1-MCP treatment increased number of open fruit and open fruit weight per plant significantly, no significant lint yield increase was detected.

关键词： 1-MCP Ethephon Yield Components Yield Distribution Leaf Senescence

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Effects of Extreme Air temperature and Humidity on the Insecticidal Expression Level of Bt Cotton

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journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1836-1844页

作者： CHENYuan WEN Yu-jin CHEN Yuan john tom cothren ZHANG Xiang WANG Yong-hui WilliamA Payne CHEN De-hua Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River Ministry of Agriculture/Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R.China Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX77843 USA Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Physiology Jiangsu Province/Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R. China Norman Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture Texas A&M University College Station TX77843 USA

the higher survival rates of Helicoverpa amigera larvae were usually observed after adverse climate which was related to extreme temperature （t） and relative humidity （RH） stresses in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） cotton. the unstable resistance of Bt cotton to bollworms has been correlated with the reduced expression of CrylAc δ-endotoxin. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of combined temperature and relative humidity stresses on the leaf CrylAc insecticidal protein expression during critical developmental stages. the study was undertaken on two transgenic cotton cultivars that share same parental background, Sikang 1 （a conventional cultivar） and Sikang 3 （a hybrid cultivar）, during the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons at the Yangzhou University Farm, Yangzhou, China. the study was arranged with two factors that consisted of temperature （two levels） and relative humidity （three levels）. the six t/RH treatments were 37℃/95%, 37℃/70%, 37℃/50%, 18℃/95%, 18℃/70%, and 18℃/50%. In 2007, the six treatments were imposed to the plants at peak flowering stage for 24 h; in 2008, the six treatments were applied to the plants at peak square, peak flowering, and peak boll stages for 48 h. the results of the study indicated that the leaf insecticidal protein expression in CrylAc was significantly affected by extreme temperature only at peak flowering stage, and by both extreme temperature and relative humidity during boll filling stage. the greatest reductions were observed when the stresses were applied at peak boll stage. In 2008, after 48 h stress treatment, the leaf Bt endotoxin expression reduced by 25.9-36.7 and 23.6-40.5% at peak boll stage, but only by 14.9-26.5 and 12.8-24.0% at peak flowering stage for Sikang 1 and Sikang 3, respectively. the greatest reduction was found under the low temperature combined with low relative humidity condition for both years. It is believed that the temperature and relative humidity stresses may be attribut

关键词： Bt cotton high temperature low temperature relative humidity CryIAc protein

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