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A sensitivity analysis of millimeter wave characteristics of SiC IMPATT diodes

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journal of Semiconductors 2017年第6期38卷 58-65页

作者： S K Swain j pradhan G N Dash S R Pattanaik School of Physics Sambalpur University Sambalpur Odisha 767019 India College of Engineering Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar Odisha 751024 India National Institute of Science and Technology Berhampur Odisha 761008 India

Ionization rate coefficients and saturation drift velocities for electrons and holes are the vital material parameters in determining the performance of an IMPATT *** have performed a sensitivity analysis of the millimeter wave characteristics of 4H-SiC and 6H-SiC IMPATT diodes with reference to the above mentioned material data and an operating frequency of 220 *** effect of a small variation in the ionization rate and drift velocity on the device characteristics like break down voltage,efficiency,noise measure and power output has been presented here.

关键词： IMPATT SiC ionization rate saturation drift velocity, millimeter wave

Synthesis, characterization and biocompatibility studies of zinc oxide(ZnO) nanorods for biomedical application

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Nano-Micro Letters 2010年第1期2卷 31-36页

作者： R.Gopikrishnan K.Zhang P.Ravichandran S.Baluchamy V.Ramesh S.Biradar P.Ramesh j.pradhan j.C.Hall A.K.pradhan G.T.Ramesh Molecular Toxicology Laboratory Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences Norfolk State University Center for Materials Research Norfolk State University Health Science Academy Bayside High School Virginia Beach

Nanoparticles are increasingly being recognized for their potential utility in biological applications including ***,we have synthesized zinc oxide(ZnO)nanorods using zinc acetate and hexamethylenetetramine as precursors followed by characterizing using X-ray diffraction,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron *** growth of synthesized zinc oxide nanorods was found to be very close to its hexagonal nature,which is confirmed by X-ray *** nanorod was grown perpendicular to the long-axis and grew along the[001]direction,which is the nature of ZnO *** morphology of synthesized ZnO nanorods from the individual crystalline nucleus was confirmed by scanning and transmission electron *** length of the nanorod was estimated to be around 21 nm in diameter and 50 nm in *** toxicology studies showed that synthesized ZnO nanorods exposure on hela cells has no significant induction of oxidative stress or cell death even in higher concentration(10μg/ml).The results suggest that ZnO nanorods might be a safer nanomaterial for biological applications.

关键词： Zinc oxide [ZnO] Nanorods XRD SEM & TEM Cytotoxicity

Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit Kumar pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen Universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TSPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TSPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TSPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TSPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TSPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TSPO knockout models,which suggest that TSPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TSPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

A threefold approach to rescue the 2030 Agenda from failing

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 13-15页

作者： Prajal pradhan Bauhaus Earth GmbH Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) Member of the Leibniz Association

Countries are not on track to meet the2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development [1] that calls for transformative changes to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient *** 2030Agenda comprises 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets to be achieved by 2030,balancing the three sustainability dimensions—social,economic,and *** far,SDGs have had a limited transforma-tive impact [2] because of their selective implementation without considering their complex *** interact positively (***) or negatively(***-offs) depending on contextand location-specific *** to meet SDGs will negatively affect the lives of billions of people and worsen socioeconomic and environmental crises.

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Anisotropic Bianchi Type-I Magnetized String Cosmological Models with Decaying Vacuum Energy Density A(t)

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2011年第5期55卷 931-941页

作者： Anirudh pradhan Department of Mathematics Hindu Post-graduate College

The present study deals with a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianehi-I cosmological models representing massive strings with magnetic field and decaying vacuum energy density A. The energy-momentum tensor, as formulated by Letelier （1983）, has been used to construct massive string cosmological models for which we assume the expansion scalar in the models is proportional to one of the components of shear tensor. The Einstein＇s field equations have been solved by applying a variation law for generalized Hubble＇s parameter in Bianchi-I space-time. The variation law for Hubble＇s parameter generates two types of solutions for the average scale factor, one is of power-law type and other is of the exponential form. Using these two forms, Einstein＇s field equations are solved separately that correspond to expanding singular and non-singular models of the universe respectively. We have made a comparative study of accelerating and decelerating models in the presence of string scenario. The study reveals that massive strings dominate in the decelerating universe whereas strings dominate in the accelerating universe. The strings eventually disappear from the universe for sufficiently large times, which is in agreement with current astronomical observations. The cosmological constant A is found to be a positive decreasing function of time which is corroborated by results from recent supernovae Ia observations. The physical and geometric properties of the models have been also discussed in detail.

关键词： cosmic strings Bianchi-I universe variable cosmological constant Hubble's parameter

Thick Domain Walls in Lyra Geometry with Bulk Viscosity

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第2期51卷 378-384页

作者： Anirudh pradhan Department of Mathematics Hindu Post-graduate College

In this paper, we evaluate the general solutions for plane-symmetric thick domain walls in Lyra geometry in presence of bulk viscous fluid. Expressions for the energy density and pressure of domain walls are derived in both cases of uniform and time varying displacement field β. Some physical consequences of the models are also given. Finally, the geodesic equations and acceleration of the test particle are discussed.

关键词： cosmology plane symmetric domain walls bulk viscous model Lyra geometry

Building Resilience Through Disaster Waste Management——UN Environment's Experiences and Approaches

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工程科学与技术 2018年第3期50卷 15-23页

作者： pradhan Mahesh XU Qing International Environmental Technology Centre United Nations Environment Programme Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences

Integrating disaster waste issue is a critical component of making humanitarian action fit for the future,anticipating global risks and challenges such as increased vulnerability due to climate change and environmental *** requires a fundamental shift towards a model that not only strengthens the response to crises but also learns and adapts in order to anticipate and act before such waste *** article conducted analyses on the characteristics of disasters in the past two *** confound disaster waste management,including the timing and magnitude of each disaster,and the amounts and types of waste that will be *** these reasons alone,disaster waste management must be an integral part of development planning and *** 10 years since the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,this article highlights that disaster waste management is not only debris clearance or waste management following a disaster,but also includes prevention and pre-disaster preparedness aspects in terms of enhancing resilience of local ***"mainstreaming,"ensures that disaster waste management(DWM)will be treated as a priority issue,on an ongoing *** on UN Environment's experiences and approaches,this paper emphasises that preparedness is the key,and that priority should be accorded to integrating disaster contingency planning in national and city level waste management strategies as well as mainstreaming waste management issues within broader disaster preparedness and response plans and *** is envisaged that the issues presented and the gaps identified in this paper will provide a basis for future comprehensive and cohesive research on disaster waste *** turn,this research can lead to better preparedness and response on disaster waste management.

关键词： disaster waste disaster risk reduction waste management Sendai Framework

Some Magnetized Bulk Viscous String Cosmological Models in Cylindrically Symmetric Inhomogeneous Universe with Variable Λ-Term

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第2期51卷 367-374页

作者： Anirudh pradhan Department of Mathematics Hindu Post-graduate College

Some cylindrically symmetric inhomogeneous viscous fluid string cosmological models with magnetic field and cosmological term A varying with time are investigated. To get the deterministic solution, it has been assumed that the expansion （θ） in the model is proportional to the eigen value σ^11 of the shear tensor σ^ij. The value of cosmological constant for the model is found to be small and positive, which is supported by the results from recent supernovae Ia observations. The effect of bulk viscosity is to produce a change in perfect fluid and hence exhibits essential influence on the character of the solution. The physical and geometric properties of the models are also discussed in presence and absence of magnetic field.

关键词： string inhomogeneous universe cylindrical symmetry variable cosmological term bulk viscosity

Accelerating dark energy models with anisotropic fluid in Bianchi type Ⅵ_0 space-time

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第2期13卷 139-158页

作者： Anirudh pradhan Department of Mathematics Hindu Post-graduate College

Motivated by the increasing evidence for the need of a geometry that re- sembles Bianchi morphology to explain the observed anisotropy in the WMAP data, we have discussed some features of Bianchi type VI0 universes in the presence of a fluid that has an anisotropic equation of state （EoS） parameter in general relativity. We present two accelerating dark energy （DE） models with an anisotropic fluid in Bianchi type VI0 space-time. To ensure a deterministic solution, we choose the scale factor a（t） = √tnet, which yields a time-dependent deceleration parameter, representing a class of models which generate a transition of the universe from the early decelerating phase to the recent accelerating phase. Under suitable conditions, the anisotropic mod- els approach an isotropic scenario. The EoS for DE co is found to be time-dependent and its existing range for derived models is in good agreement with data from recent observations of type Ia supernovae （SNe Ia）（Knop et al. 2003）, SNe Ia data com- bined with cosmic microwave background （CMB） anisotropy and galaxy clustering statistics （Tegmark et al. 2004a）, as well as the latest combination of cosmological datasets coming from CMB anisotropies, luminosity distances of high redshift SNe Ia and galaxy clustering. For different values of n, we can generate a class of physically viable DE models. The cosmological constant A is found to be a positive decreasing function of time and it approaches a small positive value at late time （i.e. the present epoch）, which is corroborated by results from recent SN Ia observations. We also ob- serve that our solutions are stable. The physical and geometric aspects of both models are also discussed in detail.

关键词： cosmological models -- dark energy -- variable EoS parameter