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Plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance:Current understanding and future perspectives

Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 699-724页

作者： Antonio Molina Lucıa jorda Miguel Angel Torres Marina martın-Dacal Diego jose Berlanga Patricia Fernandez-Calvo Elena Gomez-Rubio Sonsoles martın-Santamarıa Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA/CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnologıa-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierıa AgronomicaAlimentarıa y de BiosistemasUPMMadridSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Ramiro de Maeztu 928040 MadridSpain Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain

Beyond their function as structural barriers,plant cell walls are essential elements for the adaptation of plants to environmental conditions.Cell walls are dynamic structures whose composition and integrity can be altered in response to environmental challenges and developmental cues.These wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during development and upon stress perception.Plant cell wall damage caused by pathogen infection,wounding,or other stresses leads to the release of wall molecules,such as carbohydrates(glycans),that function as damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs).DAMPs are perceived by the extracellular ectodomains(ECDs)of pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)to activate pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and disease resistance.Similarly,glycans released from the walls and extracellular layers of microorganisms interacting with plants are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs)by specific ECD-PRRs triggering PTI responses.The number of oligosaccharides DAMPs/MAMPs identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent years.However,the structural mechanisms underlying glycan recognition by plant PRRs remain limited.Currently,this knowledge is mainly focused on receptors of the LysM-PRR family,which are involved in the perception of various molecules,such as chitooligosaccharides from fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides(i.e.,nod/MYC factors from bacteria and mycorrhiza,respectively)that trigger differential physiological responses.nevertheless,additional families of plant PRRs have recently been implicated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide recognition.These include receptor kinases(RKs)with leucine-rich repeat and Malectin domains in their ECDs(LRR-MAL RKs),Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KInASE 1-LIKE group(CrRLK1L)with Malectin-like domains in their ECDs,as well as wall-associated kinases,lectin-RKs,and LRR-extensins.The characterization of structural basis of glycans recognition by these new plant receptors will shed light

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns DAMPs disease resistance glycans oligosaccharides pattern-triggered immunity PTl pattern recognition receptor PRRs

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On Integrable Roots in Split Lie Triple Systems

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第11期25卷 1759-1774页

作者： A.j.CALDERón martín Departamento de Matemáticas Universidad de Cádiz

We focus on the notion of an integrable root in the framework of split Lie triple systems T with a coherent 0-root space. As a main result, it is shown that if T has all its nonzero roots integrable, then its standard embedding is a split Lie algebra having all its nonzero roots integrable. As a consequence, a local finiteness theorem for split Lie triple systems, saying that whenever all nonzero roots of T are integrable then T is locally finite, is stated. Finally, a classification theorem for split simple Lie triple systems having all its nonzero roots integrable is given.

关键词： Lie triple system root split Lie algebra classification theory

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Engineered biomimicry for harvesting solar energy:a bird’s eye view

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International journal of Smart and nano Materials 2013年第2期4卷 83-90页

作者： Raúl j.martín-Palma Akhlesh Lakhtakia Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

All three methodologies of engineered biomimicry–bioinspiration,biomimetics,and bioreplication–are represented in current research on harvesting solar energy.Both processes and porous surfaces inspired by plants and certain marine animals,respectively,are being investigated for solar cells.Whereas dye-sensitized solar cells deploy artificial photosynthesis,bioinspired nanostructuring of materials in solar cells improves performance.Biomimetically textured coatings for solar cells have been shown to reduce optical reflectance and increase optical absorptance over a broad spectral regime.Compound lenses fabricated by a bioreplication technique offer similar promise for reduced reflectance by increasing the angular field of view.

关键词： bioinspiration biomimetics bioreplication solar cell artificial photosynthesis antireflective coating engineering biomimicry

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Improved stability of a compact vacuum-free laser-plasma X-ray source

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 62-70页

作者： L.martín j.Benlliure D.Cortina-Gil j.Penas C.Ruiz IGFAE Universidade de Santiago de Compostela15782 Santiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matematicas y Dpto.de Didáctica de la Matemática y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaPatio de Escuelas s/nSalamancaSpain

We report the development of a stable high-average power X-ray source generated by the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses(35 fs,1 mj,1 kHz)with a solid target in air.The achieved source stability,which is essential for the applications foreseen for these laser-driven plasma accelerators,is due to the combination of precise positioning of the target on focus and the development of a fast rotating target system able to ensure the refreshment of the material at every shot while minimizing positioning errors with respect to the focal spot.This vacuum-free laser-plasma X-ray source provides an average dose rate of 1.5 Sv/h at 30 cm and a repeatability better than 93%during more than 36 min of continuous operation per target.

关键词： X-rays laser-plasma vacuum-free environment source stability

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Re-folded structure of syn-orogenic granitoids(Padrón dome, nW Iberia):Assessing rheological evolution of cooling continental crust in a collisional setting

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第2期10卷 651-669页

作者： Rubén Díez Fernández Francisco j.Rubio Pascual Luis Miguel martín Parra Departamento de Geodinámica Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFacultad de Ciencias GeológicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Instituto Geológico y Minero de Espana

This contribution discusses about the rheological, kinematic and dynamic frameworks necessary to produce recumbent and upright folds from syn-orogenic granitic massifs that were formed during an early stage of magma genesis related to the onset of a migmatitic dome. Syn-kinematic granitoids occurring within the high-grade infrastructure of the Padron migmatitic dome(nW Iberia) are deformed into largescale recumbent folds(D_2) that are later affected by upright folds(D_3). Petrostructural analysis of a selected area of this dome reveals that after a period of crustal thickening(D_1), nnW-directed extensional flow gave way to recumbent folds and penetrative axial plane foliation(S_2). Superimposed subhorizontal compression resulted in upright folds(D_3). A closer view into the dynamics of the dome allows exploring the factors that may condition the nucleation of folds with contrasting geometries during progressive deformation of molten continental crust. The formation of folds affecting syn-kinematic granitoids suggests a cooling metamorphic path in migmatitic domes. Active and passive folding mechanisms require a crystallizing(cooling) magma to nucleate folds. A more competent metamorphic host inhibits fold nucleation from much less competent magmas. As it crystallizes, magma becomes more rigid(competent),and approaches viscosity values of its host. Passive folding is favored when no significant competence contrast exists between magma and host, so this folding mechanism is more likely shortly after magma genesis and emplacement. In such conditions, and under dominant subhorizontal flow accompanied by flattening(D_2),passive folding would produce isoclinal recumbent geometries. Further magma cooling introduces a shift into the rheological behavior of partially molten crust. Thereon, crystallizing magma bodies would represent significant competence contrasts relative to their host. At this point, buckling is a more likely folding mechanism, and more regular, buckle folds re-fold previous structures after significan

关键词： Recumbent folds Migmatitic domes Partial melting Crustal-derived granitoids Orogenic collapse Variscan orogen

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THE BAnACH-LIE GROUP OF LIE TRIPLE AUTOMORPHISMS OF An H^＊-ALGEBRA^＊

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2010年第4期30卷 1219-1226页

作者： A.j.Calderón martín C.martín González Departamento de Matemáticas Universidad de Cádiz Departamento de Algebra Geometría y Topología Universidad de Málaga

We study the Banach-Lie group Ltaut（A） of Lie triple automorphisms of a complex associative H^＊-algebra A. Some consequences about its Lie algebra, the algebra of Lie triple derivations of A, Ltder（A）, are obtained. For a topologically simple A, in the infinite-dimensional case we have Ltaut（A）0 = Aut（A） implying Ltder（A） = Der（A）. In the finite-dimensional case Ltaut（A）0 is a direct product of Aut（A） and a certain subgroup of Lie derivations δ from A to its center, annihilating commutators.

关键词： Banach-Lie group Lie triple automorphism Lie triple derivation

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Effects of a 3-month vigorous physical activity intervention on eating behaviors and body composition in overweight and obese boys and girls

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 170-176页

作者： María martín-García Luis M.Alegre Beatriz Garcia-Cuartero Eleanor j.Bryant Bernard Gutin Ignacio Ara GEnUD Toledo Research Group Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit Department of Pediatrics Hospital Severo Ochoa Division of Psychology University of Bradford Georgia Prevention Institute Department of Pediatrics Georgia Health Sciences University

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effects of a 3-month vigorous physical activity(VPA) intervention on eating behavior and body composition in overweight and obese children and adolescents.Methods: Forty-seven participants(7–16 years) took part in the study: 28 were assigned to the intervention group(IG)(10 boys and 18 girls) and19 in a control group(CG)(8 boys and 11 girls). Body composition(dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), anthropometrics(body mass, height, and body mass index(BMI)), and eating behavior traits(Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21 C) were determined before and after the VPA intervention.Results: A decrease in the percentage of body fat and BMI(-2.8% and-1.8%, respectively), and an increase in most lean mass variables were found in the IG(all p ≤ 0.05). In relation to the eating behavior traits, IG subjects showed a 14% reduction in the Emotional Eating score(p = 0.04),while Cognitive Restraint score did not change after the VPA intervention. The baseline factors of the questionnaire predicted changes in body mass and fat mass variables only in the CG.Conclusion: A 3-month VPA intervention influenced eating behaviors of overweight or obese young, especially the Emotional Eating factor, in the presence of favorable body composition changes.

关键词： Appetite Children Exercise Obesity TFEQ-R21 Young

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基底旋转速度对射频溅射法制备Al掺杂ZnO薄膜结构和性能的影响（英文）

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Transactions of nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第9期27卷 2055-2062页

作者： E.A.martín-TOVAR L.G.DAZA A.j.R.LóPEZ-ARREGUín A.IRIBARREn R.CASTRO-RODRIGUEZ Departamento de Física Aplicada CINVESTAV-IPNUnidad Mérida Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE) Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales (IMRE) Universidad de La Habana

采用射频溅射法于室温在玻璃基底上制备了铝掺杂ZnO(AZO)薄膜,研究了基底旋转速度(ωS)对薄膜形态、结构、光学和电学性质的影响。扫描电子显微镜横向图片显示,通过基底旋转能够产生致密的柱状结构。原子力显微镜图像表明,基底旋转状态... 详细信息

采用射频溅射法于室温在玻璃基底上制备了铝掺杂ZnO(AZO)薄膜,研究了基底旋转速度(ωS)对薄膜形态、结构、光学和电学性质的影响。扫描电子显微镜横向图片显示,通过基底旋转能够产生致密的柱状结构。原子力显微镜图像表明,基底旋转状态下形成的样品其表面颗粒比基体静止状态下的颗粒小且致密,从而导致细小的晶粒尺寸。XRD结果表明,所有薄膜均为六方纤锌矿结构,c轴择优取向且分布有拉应力。紫外可见光区平均透光率在90%以上。当ωS=0 r/min时,电阻率处于最低值(8.5×10^(-3)?·cm),载流子浓度为1.8×10^(20)cm^(-3),霍尔迁移率为4.19 cm^2/(V·s)。对于其他样品,基底旋转会引起载流子浓度和霍尔迁移率的变化,从而导致电阻率增加。结果表明:基底旋转速度对AZO薄膜的形貌、结构、光学和电学性能存在较大影响。

关键词： AZO薄膜射频磁控溅射显微结构光电性能基底旋转速度

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A functional variant in the CD209 promoter is associated with DQ2-negative celiac disease in the Spanish population

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第27期12卷 4397-4400页

作者： C nú■ez B Rueda A martínez C Maluenda I Polanco MA López-nevot E Ortega E Sierra E Gómez de la Concha E Urcelay J Martín Servicio de Inmunología Clínica Hospital Clínico San CarlosMadridSpain Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López neyra" CSICGranadaSpain Servicio de Pediatría Hospital Clínico San CarlosMadrid Spain Servicio de Gastroenterología y nutrición Pediátrica Hospital La PazMadridSpain Servicio de Inmunología Hospital Virgen de las NievesGranadaSpain Servicio de Pediatría Hospital Virgen de las NievesGranadaSpain Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas CISCMadridSpain

瞄准：在乳糜泻(CD ) 探讨 CD209 的角色病人。非人类的白血球抗原(HLA ) 在 CD 倾向的基因因素糟糕被理解，并且象传染病原体一样的环境因素可以起一个作用。CD209 是一树枝状并且涉及病原体识别和有免疫力的激活的巨噬细胞表面分子。... 详细信息

瞄准：在乳糜泻(CD ) 探讨 CD209 的角色病人。非人类的白血球抗原(HLA ) 在 CD 倾向的基因因素糟糕被理解，并且象传染病原体一样的环境因素可以起一个作用。CD209 是一树枝状并且涉及病原体识别和有免疫力的激活的巨噬细胞表面分子。最近，在 CD209 基因的倡导者的功能的变体(-336A/G) 被显示了影响 transcriptional CD209 活动在试管内，它与感染的更高的危险性 to/or 严厉被联系了。方法：学习人口由 103 和 386 个 CD 病人和 312 y 的二个盒子控制队组成象 257 个腹的家庭的一块面板一样的 419 健康控制。为 -336A/G CD209 倡导者多型性的 Genotyping 用 TaqMan 5' 被执行突变而产生之遗传的辨别试金。HLA-DQ 被杂交与等位基因 specific 探针决定。结果：开始，盒子控制和家庭研究没与 CD 危险性发现 -336 A/G CD209 基因变体的任何协会。然而，由 HLA-DQ2 的层化确实在 HLA-DQ2 (-) 组揭示了 CD209 倡导者多型性的一个重要协会(在 DQ2 (-) 对 DQ2 (+) 病人的搬运人 A 对 GG (P = 0.026，或 = 3.71 ) 。结论：-336G CD209 等位基因似乎在 HLA-DQ2 (-) 病人涉及 CD 危险性。我们的结果可能在 CD 病人的一个次要的组的发作建议病原体的一个可能的角色。

关键词：腹腔疾病西班牙流行疾病临床

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热机械化学法制备Ag-ZnO粉末（英文）

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Transactions of nonferrous Metals Society of China 2019年第2期29卷 365-373页

作者： D.GUZMán C.AGUILAR P.ROjAS j.M.CRIADO M.j.DIánEZ R.ESPInOZA A.GUZMán C.martínEZ Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia Universidad de Atacama Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica y de Materiales Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Escuela de Dise?o Universidad Adolfo Ibá?ez Instituto de Ciencias de Materiales de Sevilla C.S.I.C Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales Universidad de Chile Laboratorio de Corrosión Instituto de QuímicaPontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso

Ag-CdO复合材料由于其优异的电气和力学性能,仍然是低压应用中最常用的电触头材料之一。然而,考虑到由于镉的毒性而对其应用的限制,有必要寻找可取代这种复合材料的替代材料。本研究以Ag-Zn固溶体为原料,采用热机械化学工艺制备Ag-ZnO... 详细信息

Ag-CdO复合材料由于其优异的电气和力学性能,仍然是低压应用中最常用的电触头材料之一。然而,考虑到由于镉的毒性而对其应用的限制,有必要寻找可取代这种复合材料的替代材料。本研究以Ag-Zn固溶体为原料,采用热机械化学工艺制备Ag-ZnO合金。在138°C、1200 cm^3/min的氧气流下,在改进的球磨机中对合金样品进行热机械化学处理3 h,利用X射线衍射技术、场发射扫描电镜和透射电镜对合成材料的显微组织和相演变进行研究。结果表明,低温下的热机械化学处理可使Ag-Zn固溶体在短时间内完全氧化。这种新的合成方法可以制备出纳米ZnO相均匀分布的Ag-ZnO复合材料,而这是用传统的材料加工方法无法实现的。考虑到改善电触头材料性能的根本途径在于实现Ag基体中第二相的均匀分散,这一新工艺为Ag-ZnO复合材料取代非环境友好的Ag-CdO提供了可能。

关键词： Ag-ZnO 纳米复合材料电触头材料粉末合成球磨

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