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Evidence for distortion-induced local electric polarization in α-RuCl

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Xinrun Mi De Hou Xiao Wang Sabreen Hammouda Caixing Liu Zijian Xiong Han Li Yan Liu Guiwen Wang Aifeng Wang Yisheng Chai Yang Qi Wei Li Xiaoyuan Zhou Yixi Su D.i.Khomskii Mingquan He Zhigao Sheng Young Sun College of Physics Center of Quantum Materials and Devices Chongqing University Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions High Magnetic Field Laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Anhui Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Science and Technology of China jülich Centre for Neutron Scienceat Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (jCNS-MLZ) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH School of Physics Beihang University Analytical and Testing Center Chongqing University State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of Physics Fudan University CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences ii.Physikalisches institut Universit?t zu K?ln

The spin-orbit assisted Mott insulator α-RuCl3is a prime candidate for material realization of the Kitaev quantum spin *** little attention has been paid to charge degrees of freedom, charge effects, such as electric polarization, may arise in this system. Here, we report distortion-induced local electric polarization in α-RuCl3as evidenced by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,second harmonic generation（SHG） and dielectric measurements. The SHG signal appears at room temperature and develops substantially in the Kitaev paramagnetic state when short-range spin correlations come into play. Despite sizable pyroelectric currents in the Kitaev paramagnetic state, the absence of hysteresis in the polarization-electric field（P-E） points to the shortrange nature of electric polarization. This localized electric polarization is likely the result of distortion-induced charge dimerization, achieved through virtual hopping-induced charge redistribution. in addition, the electric polarization is boosted by short-range spin correlations via spin-phonon coupling in the Kitaev paramagnetic state. Our results emphasize the importance of charge degrees of freedom in α-RuCl3, which establish a novel platform to investigate charge effects in Kitaev materials.

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A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors(PPARCS)

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： Sarah j.Hardcastle Chloe Maxwell-Smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Christobel Saunders Frank Sardelic Sophie Nightingale jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.Cohen Max Bulsara Dana Hince Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK institute for Health Research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin School of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain St.john of God Subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%Ci):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%Ci:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

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Versatile domain mapping of scanning electron nanobeam diffraction datasets utilising variational autoencoders

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2213-2230页

作者： A.Bridger W.i.F.David T.j.Wood M.Danaie K.T.Butler inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordOxford OX13QRUK iSiS Neutron and Muon Spallation Source STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryOxfordshire OX110QXUK Electron Physical Science imaging Centre Diamond Light Source Ltd.DidcotUK School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondon E14NSUK

Characterisation of structure across the nanometre scale is key to bridging the gap between the local atomic environment and macro-scale and can be achieved by means of scanning electron nanobeam diffraction(SEND).As a technique,SEND allows for a broad range of samples,due to being relatively tolerant of specimen thickness with low electron ***,coupled with the capacity for automation of data collection over wide areas,allows for statistically representative probing of the *** paper outlines a versatile,data-driven approach for producing domain maps,and a statistical approach for assessing their *** workflow utilises a Variational AutoEncoder to identify the sources of variance in the diffraction signal,and this,in combination with clustering techniques,is used to produce domain *** approach is agnostic to domain crystallinity,requires no prior knowledge of crystal structure,and does not require simulation of a library of expected diffraction patterns.

关键词： mapping beam dosage

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Characteristics of the SOL ion-to-electron temperature ratio on the j-TEXT tokamak with different plasma configurations

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第2期26卷 13-21页

作者：李存凯梁云峰江中和周松华建坤阳杰杨庆虎 Alexander KNiEPS Philipp DREWS 徐鑫毛飞越谢伟杨雨桐郭金龙李杨波任正康陈志鹏王能超 the j-TEXT Team international joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China Forschungszentrum jülich GmbH Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung—PlasmaphysikPartner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster(TEC)Julich 52425Germany 不详

Accurate measurement of the average plasma parameters in the edge region,including the temperature and density of electrons and ions,is critical for understanding the characteristics of the scrape-off layer(SOL) and divertor plasma transport in magnetically confined fusion *** the j-TEXT tokamak,a multi-channel retarding field analyzer(RFA) probe has been developed to study average plasma parameters in the edge region under various poloidal divertor and island divertor *** edge radial profile of the ion-to-electron temperature ratio,τ_(i/e),has been determined,which gradually decreases as the SOL ion self-collisionality,v_(SOL)*,*** is broadly consistent with what has been observed previously from various tokamak ***,the comparison of experimental results under different configurations shows that in the poloidal divertor configuration,even under the same v_(SOL)*,τ_(i/e) in the SOL region becomes smaller as the distance from the X-point to the target plate *** the island divertor configuration,τ_(i/e) near the O-point is higher than that near the X-point at the same v_(SOL)*,and both are higher than those in the limiter *** results suggest that the magnetic configuration plays a critical role in the energy distributions between electrons and ions at the plasma boundary.

关键词： ion temperature island divertor poloidal divertor retarding field analyzer(RFA)probe

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三轴形变核Ba中的奇异集体激发模式

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物理学报 2024年

作者：韦锐周厚兵王思成丁兵强赟华贾晨旭陈红星郭松 C.M.Petrache D.Mengoni A.Astier E.Dupont 吕冰锋 D.Bazzacco A.Boso A.Goasduff F.Recchia D.Testov F.Galtarossa G.jaworski D.R.Napoli S.Riccetto M.Siciliano j.j.Valiente-Dobon C.Andreoiu F.H.Garcia K.Ortner K.Whitmore A.Ata?-Nyberg T.B?ck B.Cederwall E.A.Lawrie i.Kuti D.Sohler T.Marchlewski j.Srebrny A.Tucholski 意大利国家核物理研究所帕多瓦分部中国科学院大学西蒙菲莎大学化学系广西核物理与核技术重点实验室意大利国家核物理研究所莱尼亚罗国家实验室国家研究基金会iThemba加速器科学实验室西开普大学物理与天文系费拉拉大学理学与自然科学院帕多瓦大学物理和天文学系皇家理工学院物理系广西师范大学物理科学与技术学院中国科学院近代物理研究所 HUN-REN原子核研究所 15. 华沙巴斯德拉大学重离子实验室巴黎萨克雷大学

利用意大利Legnaro实验室串列静电加速器提供的65 MeV13C束流与122Sn靶的熔合蒸发反应布居了131Ba的高自旋态，并搭建了新的能级纲图。新的能级纲图由15条转动带组成，包括三对手征双重带，其中两对正宇称手征带为赝自旋-手征四重带。... 详细信息

利用意大利Legnaro实验室串列静电加速器提供的65 MeV13C束流与122Sn靶的熔合蒸发反应布居了131Ba的高自旋态，并搭建了新的能级纲图。新的能级纲图由15条转动带组成，包括三对手征双重带，其中两对正宇称手征带为赝自旋-手征四重带。正负宇称手征带通过一系列增强的E1跃迁连接，表明它们之间存在八极关联。在低自旋区域搭建了一条新的转动带，通过一系列γ跃迁向νh11/2晕带退激。这种能级结构与摇摆带相似，但基于现有的实验证据还难以将它确认为摇摆带，不能排除其它集体激发机制，如γ振动的影响。

关键词：高自旋态手征带赝自旋八极关联摇摆运动

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The effect of temperature on ionic liquid modified Fe-N-C catalysts for alkaline oxygen reduction reaction

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 324-329页

作者： Thomas Wolker Kai Brunnengräber ioanna Martinaiou Nick Lorenz Gui-Rong Zhang Ulrike i.Kramm Bastian j.M.Etzold Department of Chemistry Ernst-Berl-Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare ChemieTechnical University of Darmstadt64287 DarmstadtGermany Department of Chemistry Catalysts and Electrocatalysts GroupTechnical University of Darmstadt64287 DarmstadtGermany Graduate School of Excellence Energy Science and Engineering Technical University of Darmstadt64287 DarmstadtGermany Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technical University of Darmstadt64287 DarmstadtGermany School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China

Modifying solid catalysts with an ionic liquid layer is an effective approach for boosting the performance of both Pt-based and non-precious metal catalysts toward the oxygen reduction reaction. While most studies operated at room temperature it remains unclear whether the iL-associated boosting effect can be maintained at elevated temperature, which is of high relevance for practical applications in low temperature fuel cells. Herein, Fe-N-C catalysts were modified by introducing small amounts of hydrophobic ionic liquid, resulting in boosted electrocatalytic activity towards the alkaline oxygen reduction reaction at room temperature. it is demonstrated that the boosting effect can be maintained and even strengthened when increasing the electrolyte temperature up to 70℃. These findings show for the first time that the incorporation of ionic liquid is a suited method to obtain advanced noble metal-free electrocatalysts that can be applied at operating temperature condition.

关键词： Oxygen reduction reaction Non-precious metal catalyst ionic liquid Fe-N-C catalyst Temperature effect

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Corrosion resistance of pulsed laser modified AZ31 Mg alloy surfaces

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第3期10卷 819-832页

作者： S.Fajardo L.Miguélez M.A.Arenas j.de Damborenea i.Llorente S.Feliu Department of Surface Engineering Corrosion and DurabilityNational Centre for Metallurgical Research(CENIM-CSIC)Madrid 28040Spain

The effect of laser surface melting on the corrosion resistance of AZ31 Mg alloy in 0.1 M NaCl solution was investigated using different laser processing conditions(energy densities of 14 and 17 j cm^(-2)).Laser treatment induced rough surfaces primarily composed of oxidized species of *** analysis revealed that the surface concentration of Al increased significantly as a consequence of *** impedance spectroscopy showed that the laser treatment remarkably increased the polarization resistance of the AZ31 Mg alloy and induced a passive-like region of about 100 mV,as determined by potentiodynamic *** of the results obtained provide solid evidence that within the immersion times used in this study,LSM treatment increased the corrosion resistance of AZ31 Mg alloy under open circuit conditions and anodic polarization.

关键词： Mg alloys laser surface melting(LSM) Electrochemical impedance Potentiodynamic polarization corrosion resistance.

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Expert perspectives on GiS use in Spanish geographic education

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international journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1204-1218页

作者： i.j.Buzo-Sánchez C.Mínguez M.L.De Lázaro-Torres iES San Roque BadajozSpain Geography Department Universidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain Geography Department UNEDMadridSpain

The emergence of new technological tools for territorial analysis,such as cloud-based GiS,or GiS viewers,compels us to closely examine its usefulness in geographic education. Specifically,it raises the professors and teachers’ questions: what to teach? how to teach? and what will students learn? This research responds to these three questions by interviewing Spanish experts who know how to use these tools to teach geography at university and secondary school levels. The Delphi technique was applied to achieve this,which established consensus and led to the following results from experts’ own experience: (1) that GiS help to understand territory in an experiential and non-memoristic way and (2) they enable the development of spatial thinking. This paper concludes that changes in methodologies and integrate technical knowledge into teacher training are needed.

关键词： Geography Delphi GiS competencies spatial thinking

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Retinal microglial activation in glaucoma:evolution over time in a unilateral ocular hypertension model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 797-799页

作者： joséA.Fernández-Albarral Ana i.Ramírez Rosa de Hoz juan j.Salazar instituto de investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo Universidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain Facultad deÓptica y Optometría Departamento de InmunologíaOftalmología y ORLUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative chronic pathology,characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells(RGC),which leads to an irreversible vision field *** increased intraocular pressure(iOP)constitutes its main risk ***,the main treatments for glaucoma are focused on decreasing iOP;nevertheless,the progression of the disease continues,despite iOP *** fact shows the existence of other factors that could contribute to the advance of glaucomatous *** early diagnostics,the use of neuroprotective therapies,and knowledge of the pathological processes are the major challenges associated with the management of this *** pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed to be responsible for RGC death,including oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,glutamate excitotoxicity,and neuroinflammation(Casson et al.,2012).

关键词： irreversible oxidative activation

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Single atom Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez M.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Giménez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid M.V.Martínez-Huerta A.Zitolo M.j.Lázaro D.Sebastián instituto de Carboquímica(CSiC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica(CSiC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEiL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chemicals is considered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper amount and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic performance of Cu-N-C materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For comparison, products are also characterized by online gas chromatography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 M KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from the competitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optimum copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) moieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results demonstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon monoxide

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