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Diode-pumped, electro-optically Q-switched, cryogenic Tm:YAG laser operating at 1.88 μm

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第1期9卷 107-112页

作者： j?rg K?rner Venkatesan jambunathan Fangxin Yue jürgen reiter Ondrej Slezák Petr Navrátil Samuel Paul David Antonio Lucianetti joachim Hein Tomá? Mocek Malte C.Kaluza HiLASE Centre Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Helmholz Institute jena Hi LASE Centre Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences

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带结晶器电磁搅拌的大圆坯连铸的数值模拟

世界钢铁 2012年第5期12卷 29-33+59页

作者： Martin Barna Mirko javurek jürgen reiter josef Watzinger Bernhard Kaufmann Marcus Kirschen 孟庆玉约翰开普勒林茨大学流体力学和传热研究所

在圆坯连铸中,结晶器电磁搅拌器(M-EMS)是常见的改善钢流内流场的手段。众所周知,液芯的流动对最终产品的质量有着重要影响,用M-EMS能优化凝固前沿的流速,进一步促进柱状晶向等轴晶的转变,进而改善铸坯的表面和皮下缺陷。在奥钢联多纳... 详细信息

在圆坯连铸中,结晶器电磁搅拌器(M-EMS)是常见的改善钢流内流场的手段。众所周知,液芯的流动对最终产品的质量有着重要影响,用M-EMS能优化凝固前沿的流速,进一步促进柱状晶向等轴晶的转变,进而改善铸坯的表面和皮下缺陷。在奥钢联多纳维茨钢厂,绝大多数产品的生产都应用了M-EMS。由于在奥钢联多纳维茨钢厂的恶劣环境下难于进行测量,因此研究采用数值模拟的方法。连铸过程1:1比例的物理模拟也很难实现,因为水的传导率太低,且液态金属不透明或金属处理难,因此数值模拟就成为获得整个过程较好的重要手段。数值模型考虑了流场和电磁场的完全耦合,许多物理问题都用最优参数进行模拟,流场用商业有限元CFD编码软件FLUENT进行计算,电磁场用商业有限元求解器ANSYSEMAG计算。采用这种方法可以研究各种参数对流场和凝固组织的影响,也能揭示搅拌频率和搅拌强度的变化对液芯内部流场的影响。应用数值模拟能够加深对电磁场下连铸过程的认识,也能够找到优化的参数。

关键词：电磁搅拌钢的连铸数值模拟工厂试验

Risk-Layering for Indirect Effects

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 770-778页

作者： Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler Karina reiter IIASA-International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis A-2361 Laxenburg.Austria

Environmental risks are one of the greatest threats in the twenty-first *** in the last years,the cascading impacts and risks associated with such events have received great attention as economic losses and consequences have mounted in their *** concerns about these ripple effects are rising,strategies to prevent and manage indirect risks are in urgent ***,such effects are currently barely considered in most countries and can seriously threaten global agendas such as achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 or the targets set out in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction *** discuss how the concept of risk-layering,which,though already applied in disaster risk management,could be expanded to include indirect *** point out some of the benefits,limitations,and ways forward for using this *** do so,we first delineate the transition of the risk-layering concept,which originated from the insurance industry,from its original use to its application in a wider *** bring special focus to the application of risk-layering in disaster risk management and identify strategies that allow for the inclusion of indirect *** main suggestion is that,while a probabilistic approach is appropriate for evaluating direct risks,a focus on connectedness is appropriate for indirect risks,which still allows for an easy link to direct ***,so we argue,facilitates more comprehensive risk management systems apt to deal with the multi-dimensional challenges ahead.

关键词： Connectedness Indirect risks Natural hazards and disasters Risk-layering Risk management

Simulation of secondary nucleation of polymer crystallization via a model of microscopic kinetics

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第9期26卷 1105-1108页

作者： Kun-Lun Xu Bao-Hua Guo Renate reiter Günter reiter jun Xua Advanced Materials Laboratory of Ministry of Education Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua University Physikalisches Institut and Freiburg Materials Research Center Albert-Ludwigs-Universitt

We present simulations of the mechanism of secondary nucleation of polymer crystallization,based on a new model accounting for the microscopic kinetics of attaching and *** the key feature of the model,we introduced multibody-interaction parameters that establish correlations between the attaching and detaching rate constants and the resulting thickness and width of the crystalline *** MATLAB and Monte Carlo method,we followed the evolution of the secondary nuclei as a function of various multibody-interaction *** identified three different growth progressions of the crystal：（i） Widening,（ii） thickening and（iii） simultaneously thickening and widening of lamellar crystals,controlled by the corresponding kinetic parameters.

关键词： Computer simulation Secondary nucleation Polymer crystallization Monte Carlo simulation Microscopic kinetics model Multi-body interaction

Melatonin,tunneling nanotubes,mesenchymal cells,and tissue regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 760-762页

作者： Francesca Luchetti Silvia Carloni Maria G.Nasoni Russel j.reiter Walter Balduini Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino Carlo BoUrbinoItaly Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy Long School of MedicineUT HealthSan AntonioTXUSA

Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells that reside in many human tissues and *** stem cells are widely used in experimental and clinical regenerative medicine due to their capability to transdifferentiate into various ***,when transplanted,they lose part of their multipotency and immunomodulatory properties,and most of them die after injection into the damaged *** this review,we discuss the potential utility of melatonin in preserving mesenchymal stem cells’survival and function after *** is a pleiotropic molecule regulating critical cell functions including apoptosis,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and *** is also synthesized in the mitochondria where it reduces oxidative stress,the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and the downstream caspase activation,activates uncoupling proteins,and curtails the proinflammatory *** addition,recent findings showed that melatonin also promotes the formation of tunneling nanotubes and the transfer of mitochondria between cells through the connecting *** mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary cause of mesenchymal stem cells death and senescence and a critical issue for survival after transplantation,we propose that melatonin by favoring mitochondria functionality and their transfer through tunneling nanotubes from healthy to suffering cells could improve mesenchymal stem cellbased therapy in a large number of diseases for which basic and clinical trials are underway.

关键词： brain ischemia cell transplantation melatonin mesenchymal stem cell mitochondria mitochondrial transplantation regenerative therapy senescence tunneling nanotubes

Some Characteristics of Cumulus Convection over the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1990年第1期7卷 87-97页

作者：段廷扬 Elmar R.reiter Chengdu Institute of Meteorology Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province Center lor Cybernetic Communication Research Colorado Slate University Fort Collins CO.80523 U. S. A.he diagnostic model of the cumulus convection proposed by Yanai et al. (1973) was applied to the atmosphere over the Tibetan Plateau and used to estimate the vertical mass flux entrainment and detrainment excess temperature and moisture liquid water content and condensation and precipitation rates of highland cloud clusters. The results illustrated that in clouds over the Tibetan Plateau the water vapor condensation rate liquid water content and efficiency of the rain generation process are less than those in the tropics (represented by the Marshall Islands region). Therefore the condensational latent heat released over the Tibetan Plateau overall is much smaller than that in the tropics. The water vapor and liquid water detrainment from shallow nonprecipitating cumulus clouds and their entrainment into deep cumulus clouds serve as a growing mechanism for the deep precipitating cumulus towers over the Tibetan Plateau. It should be noted that there is a stronger detrainment of liquid water from cumulus clouds and a stronger re-evaporation rate in environment. The process of the condensation-detrainment-re-evaporation-cnlrainmcnt is repeatedly in progress. It would play an important role in maintaining of cumulus convection on the condition that the supply of moisture is not plentiful over the Tibetan Plateau.The analyses also showed that the cloud mass flux Mc over the Tibetan Plateau is less and the large-scale average upward motion is much less than those over the Marshall Islands. Stronger compensating downward motion in the cloud environment over the Tibetan Plateau responsible for the area's strong environmental heating rate Was revealed and would link to the stability of the South Asian High in summer.

The diagnostic model of the cumulus convection proposed by Yanai et al. (1973) was applied to the atmosphere over the Tibetan Plateau, and used to estimate the vertical mass flux, entrainment and detrainment, excess temperature and moisture, liquid water content, and condensation and precipitation rates of highland cloud clusters. The results illustrated that in clouds over the Tibetan Plateau, the water vapor condensation rate, liquid water content, and efficiency of the rain generation process are less than those in the tropics (represented by the Marshall Islands region). Therefore, the condensational latent heat released over the Tibetan Plateau, overall, is much smaller than that in the tropics. The water vapor and liquid water detrainment from shallow nonprecipitating cumulus clouds, and their entrainment into deep cumulus clouds, serve as a growing mechanism for the deep precipitating cumulus towers over the Tibetan Plateau. It should be noted that there is a stronger detrainment of liquid water from cumulus clouds and a stronger re-evaporation rate in environment. The process of the condensation-detrainment-re-evaporation-cnlrainmcnt is repeatedly in progress. It would play an important role in maintaining of cumulus convection on the condition that the supply of moisture is not plentiful over the Tibetan *** analyses also showed that the cloud mass flux Mc over the Tibetan Plateau is less, and the large-scale average upward motion is much less than those over the Marshall Islands. Stronger compensating downward motion in the cloud environment over the Tibetan Plateau, responsible for the area's strong environmental heating rate Was revealed, and would link to the stability of the South Asian High in summer.

关键词： Some Characteristics of Cumulus Convection over the Tibetan Plateau over

Differential Splicing of Skipped Exons Predicts Drug Response in Cancer Cell Lines

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第6期19卷 901-912页

作者： Edward Simpson Steven Chen jill L.reiter Yunlong Liu Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of BioHealth Informatics School of Informatics and ComputingIndiana University-Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA transcripts is an important regulatory mechanism that increases the diversity of gene products in *** studies have linked specific transcript isoforms to altered drug response in cancer;however,few algorithms have incorporated splicing information into drug response *** this study,we evaluated whether basal-level splicing information could be used to predict drug sensitivity by constructing doxorubicin-sensitivity classification models with splicing and expression *** detailed splicing differences between sensitive and resistant cell lines by implementing quasi-binomial generalized linear modeling(QBGLM)and found altered inclusion of 277 skipped *** additionally conducted RNA-binding protein(RBP)binding motif enrichment and differential ex-pression analysis to characterize cis-and trans-acting elements that potentially influence doxorubicin response-mediating splicing *** results showed that a classification model built with skipped exon data exhibited strong predictive *** discovered an association between differentially spliced events and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and observed motif enrichment,as well as differential expression of RBFOX and ELAVL RBP family *** work demonstrates the potential of incorporating splicing data into drug response algorithms and the utility of a QBGLM approach for fast,scalable identification of relevant splicing differences between large groups of samples.

关键词： Alternative splicing Transcript isoform Splicing regulation Drug sensitivity Precision medicine

Evaluation of enterochromaffin cells and melatonin secretion exponents in ulcerative colitis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第23期19卷 3602-3607页

作者： Cezary Chojnacki Maria Wisniewska-jarosińska Grazyna Kulig Ireneusz Majsterek Russel j reiter jan Chojnacki Department of Gastroenterology Medical University of Lodz90-647 Lodz Poland Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry Medical University of Lodz90-647 Lodz Poland Department of Cellular and Structural Biology University of Texas Health Science CenterSan Antonio TX 78229 United States

AIM: To study an assessment of the number of enterochromaffin cells and expression of hydroxyindole-Omethyltransferase in colonic mucosa and urine excretion of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS: The study included 30 healthy subjects (groupⅠ-C), 30 patients with ulcerative proctitis [group Ⅱ-ulcerative proctitis (UP)] and 30 patients with ulcerative colitis [group Ⅲ-ulcerative colitis (UC)] in acute phases of these diseases. The number of enterochromaffin cells (EC) was estimated in rectal and colonic mucosa. Bioptates were assembled from many different parts of the large intestine. Immunorective cells collected from various parts of the colon were counted according to the Eurovision DAKO (Dako A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) System in the range of 10 fields in each bioptate at × 200 magnification. The level of mRNA expression of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) in colonic mucosa was estimated with RT-PCR. Urine 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-HMS) excretion was determined immunoenzymatically using an IBL (IBL International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) kit (RE 54031). RESULTS: The number of EC cells in healthy subjects (C) was 132.40 ± 31.26. In patients of group Ⅱ (UP) and group Ⅲ (UC) the number of these cells was higher 225.40 ± 37.35 (P < 0.001) and 225.24 ± 40.50 (P < 0.001) respectively. Similar differences were related to HIOMT expression, which was 1.04 ± 0.36 in group C, 1.56 ± 0.56 (P < 0.01) in group UP and 2.00 ± 0.35 (P < 0.001) in group UC. Twenty-four hour 6-HMS urinary excretion was as follows: C 16.32 ± 4.95 μg/24 h, UP 26.30 ± 7.29 μg/24 h (P < 0.01), UC 42.30 ± 12.56 μg/24h (P < 0.001). A correlation between number of EC cells and 6-HMS excretion was noted in all groups: r = 0.766 in patients with UP, r = 0.703 with UC and r = 0.8551 in the control group; the correlation between the results is statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In the acute phases of both UP and UC, proliferation of EC cells and high expression of HIOMT a

关键词： Enterochromaffin cells 5-hydroxyindoleO-methyltransferase 6-sulfatoxymelatonin Ulcerative proctitis Ulcerative colitis

ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE REFLECTANCE AND NET RADIATION OVER THE TIBETAN PLATEAU IN SUMMER

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第15期35卷 1277-1280页

作者：朱福康李术华 E.R.reiter Academy of Meteorological Science SMA Beijing 100081 PRC Colorado State University U. S. A.

In May—August 1979, China carried out the first Qinghai-Xizang Plateau meteorological experiment and a wealth of conventional data and heat source observational data over the Tibetan Plateau were *** june—july 1986, scientists from China and the U. S. carried out a P. R. C.-U. S. joint Tibetan Plateau meteorological expedition in Lhasa and Nagqu.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau surface reflectance net radiation.