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Non-pharmacological management of pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders:Current evidence and future perspectives

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World journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第2期11卷 105-119页

作者： Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Ronaldo Teixeira da silva júnior Breno Bittencourt de Brito Filipe Antônio França da silva Hanna Santos Marques Vinícius Lima de SouzaGonçalves Talita costa dos Santos Carolina Ladeia Cirne Natália Oliveira e silva Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil Campus Vitória da Conquista Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45083-900BahiaBrazil

Functional abdominal pain disorders(FAPDs) are an important and prevalent cause of functional gastrointestinal disorders among children, encompassing the diagnoses of functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, abdominal migraine, and the one not previously present in Rome Ⅲ, functional abdominal pain not otherwise specified. In the absence of sufficiently effective and safe pharmacological treatments for this public problem, non-pharmacological therapies emerge as a viable means of treating these patients, avoiding not only possible side effects, but also unnecessary prescription, since many of the pharmacological treatments prescribed do not have good efficacy when compared to placebo. Thus, the present study provides a review of current and relevant evidence on non-pharmacological management of FAPDs, covering the most commonly indicated treatments, from cognitive behavioral therapy to meditation, acupuncture, yoga, massage, spinal manipulation, moxibustion, and physical activities. In addition, this article also analyzes the quality of publications in the area, assessing whether it is possible to state if non-pharmacological therapies are viable, safe, and sufficiently well-based for an appropriate and effective prescription of these treatments. Finally, it is possible to observe an increase not only in the number of publications on the non-pharmacological treatments for FAPDs in recent years, but also an increase in the quality of these publications. Finally, the sample selection of satisfactory age groups in these studies enables the formulation of specific guidelines for this age group, thus avoiding the need for adaptation of prescriptions initially made for adults, but for children use.

关键词： Functional abdominal pain disorder Pediatrics Rome IV Behavioral intervention Nonpharmacological treatment Complementary medicine

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Development and Body Composition of Quarter Horse Foals during Nursing

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Open journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第11期4卷 276-280页

作者： Monica Miranda Hunka Helena Emília Cavalcanti da costa Cordeiro Manso Ramona Bastos Bernardo Elizabeth Regina Rodrigues da silva Lúcia Maia Cavalcante Ferreira Hélio Cordeiro Manso Filho Núcleo de Pesquisa Equina Departamento de Zootecnia Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Recife Brazil

The monitoring and development of foals, based on biometric indices, and the determination of body composition could be important for genetic improvement and the elaboration of nutritional plans for horses. Considering that little information was available, the aim of the present study was to assess the growth and determine the body composition of suckling Quarter Horse foals. Animals (n = 46) of both sexes were monitored monthly from birth until the fifth month of age, using an ultrasound device and the following measurements: Wither Height (WH);Chest Perimeter (CP);Cannon Bone Circumference (CBC) Cannon Bone Girth (CG);Body Mass (BM);and Rump Fat Thickness (RFT). These tests determined the Fat-Free Mass (FFM), BM, Fat Percentage (FP) and Fat Thickness (FT). The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test, with differences considered statistically significant when P ≤ 0.05. The results demonstrated that the parameters analyzed changed significantly during the study period. The BM was ~41 at birth and ~177 kg at the point of weaning. Conversely, the FM was ~3.8 at birth and 18.1 kg at the point of weaning. The FFM was ~37 and ~160 kg at the time of birth and weaning, respectively. The FP varied from 9.3 at birth to 9.54 at weaning. The mean FT was ~1.39 and ~1.91 cm at birth and weaning, respectively. The WH measured ~91 at birth and 116 cm at weaning. In conclusion, suckling foals gain BM quickly from the time of birth to the time of weaning. The main cause of this gain is FFM. Therefore, due to the significant changes in the parameters studied herein, it is important to monitor these values in order to prevent nutritional imbalances.

关键词： Body Mass Fat-Free Mass Fat Percentage Horse Ultrasound

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Large- and Medium-Sized Land Mammals of Northeast MarajóIsland, Lower Amazon, Brazil

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Natural Resources 2015年第1期6卷 37-47页

作者： Salvatore Siciliano Renata Emin-Lima Alexandra F. costa josé de Sousa e silva júnior Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública/FIOCRUZ Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil Instituto Megafauna Marinha Cabo Frio Brazil Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Coordena&ccedil&atildeo de Zoologia Setor de Mastozoologia and Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Aquáticos da Amaz&ocircnia (GEMAM) Belém PA Brazil PPG em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA Belém PA Brazil

Marajó, located in the lower Amazon, Brazil, is one of the largest river islands in the world. Most of the island is subject to tidal or seasonal flooding. Despite its historical, cultural and geographical importance, Marajó Island remains relatively less investigated in terms of mammal diversity, ecology and community structure than the rest of the Amazon. This scenario has motivated the presentation of this list of land mammals of eastern Marajó Island. Two field surveys were conducted in the course of 7-11 December 2012 and 17-25 October 2013 in jaranduba, Dunas and Ribanceira Farms, northeast portions of Marajó Island. A total of 23 large and medium-sized land mammal species were recorded in the study area. These farms host a representative mammal community of northeastern Marajó, an area lacking previous faunal studies. Human pressure over centuries has deeply modified the environment in Marajó. Therefore, striking evidence of a long human-populated past in this island is in accordance to many other sites throughout the Amazon plain. The result of a land mammal survey in northeastern Marajó is a clear evidence of past and present human interference in the island. Even though Marajó Island has exalted mammal diversity, it will be much higher if long-term studies are effectively implemented.

关键词： Mammals Checklist Lower Amazon Marajó Island

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Basic biological aspects of Tritrichomonas foetus of re-levance to the treatment of bovines suffering of tricho-moniasis

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Open journal of Animal Sciences 2011年第3期1卷 112-120页

作者： Newton Soares da silva Susane Moreira Machado Fernando costa e silva Filho Cristina Pacheco-Soares 不详

Tritrichomonas foetus is a flagellate protozoan and the etiological agent of bovine genital tri-chomoniasis [1], which is an infectious vene- real disease. This parasite is usually found as- sociated with the mucosal surface of the uro- genital tract in females or the male preputial and penile membranes. In females, the clinical ma-nifestations may include abortion, with repe- tition of estrus at irregular intervals, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, and pyometra. Parasi- tized males may have a discharge with small nodules in the preputial membrane. After that, the bulls have no clinical symptoms, and are thus an asymptomatic carrier that may spread the infection. Considering that a bull could cover up to twenty females [2], bovine genital trichomoniasis is a serious medical and veteri- nary problem, with economical repercussion for beef and milk production. As T. foetus is an amitochondrial and aerotolerant organism, en- ergy production under low O2 tension in the protozoan is done via hydrogenosome, which, as the name suggests, is the organelle where H2 is generated [3,4,5]. The molecular machinery of mitochondrial cell death is, therefore, absent in this parasite and the mechanism that activates of cell death program is not clear. This review seeks to understand the characteristics of the protozoan parasite T. foetus in order to propose new therapies for animals suffering from this infectious and contagious agent.

关键词： Reproduction Protozoan Parasite Tritrichomonas foetus

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Revealing the kinetics of Leishmania chagasi infection in the male genital system of hamsters

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 261-265页

作者： Amanda P.N.Quintal Bruna C.Borges Paula C.Brígido Rebecca T.silva Ana F.Notário Marlus A.Santos Maria A.de Souza Fernanda G.O.Nascimento Antônio V.Mundim Guilherme M.j.costa André B.Vasconcelos Claudio V.da silva Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândiaMinas GeraisBrasil Hospital Veterinário Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândiaMinas GeraisBrasil Departamento de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil Universidade de Uberaba UberabaMinas GeraisBrasil Departamento de Imunologia–Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal de UberlândiaCampus UmuaramaUberlândiaMGBrasil

Background:Leishmaniasis causes alterations and lesions in the genital system,which leads to azoospermia and testicular atrophy in animals during the chronic phase of the *** aim of this study was to reveal the kinetics of Leishmania chagasi infection in the genital system of male golden hamsters(Mesocricetus auratus).Methods:Animals were intraperitoneally inoculated with amastigotes from *** different time points animals were euthanized and genital organs processed for histo-pathological,qPCR,cytokines and testosterone detection ***:Our results showed a high parasite load in testis,followed by an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1-β,TNF-αand IFN-γ,and ***,IL-4 expression was upregulated and basal parasite persistence in testis was observed using the experimental ***:Extracellular amastigotes migrated to the epididymis posing as a potential major factor of parasite persistence and venereal transmission of *** infection in hamsters.

关键词： Leishmania chagasi Extracellular amastigotes Testis Epididymis Immune response Testosterone

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Comparative Study on Cerebral Processing among Elderly People with Either Intellectual or Mechanical Work Activities, by Means of Electroencephalographic Techniques

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journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2020年第8期10卷 311-322页

作者： Arisson Euclides da silva Leonardo Coelho de Mendonça silva Lousane Leonoura Alves Santos Diêgo Lucas Ramos e silva Paulo josé Medeiros de Souza costa Milton Vieira costa josé Claudio da silva Euclides Mauricio Trindade Filho State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas Biological Science Nucleus Maceió Brasil State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas Nucleus of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health Maceió Brasil

Background: The cognitive capacity is one of the determinants of quality of life in old age. In EEG, gamma rhythm represented electrical correlates of execution of cognitive activities. Objective: To compare the cortical areas activated during executive activities through the gamma rhythm (25 - 45 Hz) and the performance in the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) among older people who exercised intellectual and mechanical work during their lifetime. Methods: We compared the electroencephalographic record of the gamma rhythm potential (25 - 45 Hz) in the cortical quadrants during the execution of the FAB among 13 elderly people who exercised intellectual activity and 12 elderly people who performed mechanical work. Results: In the FAB, the intellectual group obtained a better performance with a mean score of 16.2/18, while the mechanical group obtained an average score of 14.9/18. Only a significant difference between groups was observed in the similarity test, with intellectual group leadership. There was no significant difference between groups in the overall analysis of gamma rhythm potential in the brain quadrants during the tests. Conclusion: Elderly people who performed intellectual activity performed better than the elderly who exercised mechanical work in the execution of the Frontal Evaluation Battery (FAB). There was a greater quantification of gamma rhythm in the group of elderly individuals who exercised intellectual activity, compared to those who exercised mechanical activity.

关键词： Electroencephalography Aged Gamma Rhythm

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Reconstruction of the Neutron Flux in a Slab Reactor

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World journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2012年第4期2卷 181-186页

作者： Adilson costa da silva Aquilino Senra Martinez Alessandro da Cruz Goncalves Nuclear Engineering Department Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil

In this electronic article we use the one-dimensional multigroup neutron diffusion equation to reconstruct the neutron flux in a slab reactor from the nuclear parameters of the reactor, boundary and symmetry condition, initial flux and?keff. The diffusion equation was solved analytically for one single homogeneous fuel region and for two regions considering fuel and reflector. To validate the method proposed, the results obtained in this article were compared using reference methods found in the literature.

关键词： Neutron Diffusion Equation Neutron Flux Slab Reactor

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Prevalence of Frailty Syndrome in the Elderly and Associated Factors in Brazil

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Health 2015年第11期7卷 1591-1599页

作者： Anna Ferla Monteiro silva Passos Iris do Céu Clara costa Fábia Barbosa de Andrade Maria do Carmo Eulálio Anita Liberalesso Neri Romulo Lustosa Pimenteira de Melo Adrianna Ribeiro Lacerda Postgraduation Program in Health Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Department of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Nursing Faculty of Health Sciencies of Trairi/Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Santa Cruz Brazil Department of Psychology State University of Paraíba Campina Grande Brazil Department of Educational Psychology State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

This paper aims to identify the prevalence of frailty syndrome and its association with demographic, economic, health, psychological and functional variables in Brazilian population. The study was cross-sectional and composed of 385 elderly aged from 65 years, an average age of 73.92 years. A multivariate Poisson regression was used to check for conditions associated with frailty and to determine the prevalence (α = 0.05). The prevalence of frailty was 8.7% and pre-frailty of 50.4%. The frail and pre-frail older adults showed larger and increasing prevalence ratios for marital status, difficulty performing instrumental activities of daily living, old age, involuntary loss of feces, depression and negative affections. These results can guide the establishment of preventive measures and the development of intervention strategies aimed at minimizing the adverse effects of frailty in elderly people.

关键词： Aging Frail Elderly Frailty Frailty Syndrome

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Climate Extremes along the Mining Chain over the Eastern Amazon: Projections to 2050

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2021年第1期11卷 125-147页

作者： Claudia Priscila Wanzeler da costa Douglas da silva Ferreira Nikolas jorge Carneiro Instituto Tecnológico Vale Belem Brazil

The mineral industry is of great importance for the economy and for the development of Brazil. However, climate change further accentuates the impacts caused by extreme weather and climate events on the logistics and operation processes of the mineral production chain (from the mine to the port). In order to reduce these effects, it is essential to have information about the future climate that will help this economic sector to carry out better long-term planning of its activities. However, the current scientific literature still lacks studies with this approach applied to the mineral industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the future seasonal patterns of climate extremes in eastern Amazonia, exploring their impacts on the mineral production chain in the near future (2019-2050). To categorize the dry and rainy climate extremes, the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) was calculated for the precipitation data series of Climate Prediction Center (CPC) observations and the PRECIS regional modeling system, considering the IPCC RCP4.5. The 1981-2005 period was defined as the present climate and used to assess the performance of the modeling system in reproducing the extremes. The analyses were based on the relative frequency of the categories of dry and rainy extremes. The performance evaluation of PRECIS showed that it had better accuracy in representing seasonal extremes of drought than extremes of rain. Along the mineral chain in eastern Amazonia, its accuracy was better over the port region, except for the dry extremes experienced from june to August (jjA), and from December to February (DjF) and March to May (MAM) for rainy extremes. The analysis of the frequency of occurrence of these events for the future indicates a greater probability of rain extremes along the mineral chain compared to another category of extremes. In addition, jjA will be the most suitable period to optimize operational processes in eastern Amazonia, as extremes are less

关键词： PRECIS Climate Extremes Eastern Amazon Mining SPI

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Influence of fibre and betaine on development of the gastrointestinal tract of broilers between hatch and 14 d of age

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第2期5卷 163-173页

作者： Tiago T.dos Santos Sthéfanie C.Dassi Celia R.C.Franco Cleber R.V.da costa Sophie A.Lee Ana V.Fisher da silva Universidade Federal do Parana Curtiba81531-900Brazil Department of Cell Biology Universidade Federal do ParanaCuritiba81531-900Brazil AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireSN8 4ANUnited Kindom Department of Cell Biology Universidade Federal do ParanaCuritiba81531-900Brazil

An experiment was designed to determine the influence of fibre and betaine on the development of the intestine, liver and pancreas of broilers from hatch to 14 d of age. A total of 250-day-old Cobb 500 male broilers were allocated to 16 cages with 15 broilers each. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 4 factorial design, consisting of 2 feed formulations(low and high fibre diets) and 4 levels of betaine(0,1, 3 or 5 kg/t). At hatch, 10 birds in total were euthanised, and samples of the liver, pancreas, yolk sac and intestine were collected for reference of the analysed parameters before the start of the *** d 4.9 and 14, 5 birds per cage(10 birds per treatment) were selected, euthanised and treated as the same as the birds at hatch. Villus height and width and crypt depth were determined on the duodenum samples, and absorptive area was calculated. The number of enterocytes in mitosis at the villus was determined by a positive reaction to antibody for Ki67 protein, and fused villus was evaluated visually. The relative weight of the yolk sac reduced(P < 0.05) as birds aged while the intestine and liver reached a maximum(P < 0.05) at around d 4 and the pancreas at d 9. Birds fed the high fibre diet had greater feed intake, lower relative weight of the pancreas and higher villus(P < 0.05) than birds fed the low fibre diet. Villus width increased(P < 0.05) at 4 d of age, and this was associated with fused villus. Betaine inclusion reduced(P < 0.05) villus width, increased(P < 0.05) villus size and absorptive area, and reduced(P < 0.05) the number of enterocytes with positive reaction for the antibody *** inclusion reduced the width and increased the absorptive area and the villus height of the duodenum of birds up to 14 d of age. The higher fibre diet increased feed intake and villus height, yet reduced pancreas relative weight, while not affecting body weight gain. This response was possibly due to a dilution effect of the fibre, reducing nutrient absorption

关键词： Broiler Betaine Fibre Intestine maturation Pancreas Liver

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