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Species composition and diversity of woody communities along an elevational gradient in tropical Dwarf Cloud Forest

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journal of Mountain Science 2021年第6期18卷 1489-1503页

作者： Breno MOREIRA Pedro Manuel VILLA Carlos Mariano ALVEZ-VALLES Fabricio Alvim carvalho Botanical Garden Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de Fora36045-500Brazil Department of Forest Engineering Federal University of ViçosaViçosa36570-900Brazil Department of Veterinary Medicine National University Major of San MarcosPucallpa25001Peru Departament of Botany Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de Fora36036-900 Brazil

Elucidating woody community diversity and structure change along environmental gradients is still a central issue of tropical forest ecology. We have evaluated changes in alpha and beta diversity, community composition and structure of woody communities along an elevational gradient in Dwarf Cloud Forests, Southeast Brazil. We selected five areas along an elevational gradient(1,300-1,600 m asl), and randomly allocated 10 plots(10 m × 20 m) in each area in the Ibitipoca State Park(ISP), Serra da Mantiqueira, southeastern Brazil. All woody species(diameter at breast height ≥ 5.0 cm) were collected for taxonomic identification. Thus, we analysed the woody communities based on a phytosociological approach. Overall, 147 species and 37 families were recorded, distributed in 2,303 individuals. No differences in the species richness pattern were observed between areas using the rarefaction and extrapolation curves. Significant differences in species composition and structure between areas were observed. The high beta diversity observed, corroborated by the jaccard coefficient, increases with decreasing altitude. Our results showed that woody communities in the studied Dwarf Cloud Forests have a higher diversity and structural variability along elevational gradient.

关键词： Atlantic Forest Forest structure Ibitipoca State Park Serra da Mantiqueira

Tree structure and diversity of lowland Atlantic forest fragments：comparison of disturbed and undisturbed remnants

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journal of Forestry Research 2016年第3期27卷 605-609页

作者： Fabricio Alvim carvalho joao Marcelo Alvarenga Braga Marcelo Trindade Nascimento Departamento de Botanica Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Campus Universitario s/n Sao PedroJuiz de Fora-MG 36036-900 Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas do jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro-RJ Brazil Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientais CBB Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ 28013-602 Brazil

This study describes the tree community structure of three moist lowland Atlantic Forest fragments in Rio de janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. Two fragments were disturbed and an undisturbed one was used as reference. Our hypothesis was that disturbed fragments show distinct structural patterns in comparison with undisturbed stands due to past disturbance practices and forest fragmentation. Four 100 ×5 m sampling plots were demarcated in each fragment and all live and dead trees with DBH C 5 cm were located, measured and identified. The results supported our hypothesis, due to the high values found for standing dead trees, an increase of dominance of a few pioneer species, lower values of large trees and species richness in disturbed fragments in comparison with the undisturbed one. The advanced fragmentation process in the Southern Brazilian lowland areas and the high species richness in undisturbed areas highlight these forest fragments as priority areas for conservation and management.

关键词： Phytosociology Tree community Forestfragmentation . Hotspot Brazil

Transpiration and growth responses by Eucalyptus species to progressive soil drying

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journal of Forestry Research 2022年第5期33卷 1529-1543页

作者： Marcel carvalho Abreu Alvaro Augusto Vieira Soares Cleverson Henrique de Freitas Fabrina Bolzan Martins Department of Environment Science Forest InstituteFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropédicaRio de Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of UberlândiaMonte CarmeloMinas Gerais 38405-302Brazil “Luiz de Queiroz”College of Agriculture University of São PauloPiracicabaSão Paulo 13418-900Brazil Natural Resources Institute Federal University of ItajubáItajubáMinas Gerais 37500-903Brazil

The regulation of plant transpiration is a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency, growth and adaptation of Eucalyptus species to limited water availability in tropical and subtropical environments. However, few studies have related this trait to the performance of Eucalyptus seedlings and none have investigated the influence of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on transpiration rates and growth. In this study, the transpiration and growth responses of seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla (S.T. Blake) and Eucalyptus cloeziana (F. Muell.) to progressive soil water deficits were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. In addition, the influence of VPD on seedling transpiration, development and growth was also investigated. The FTSW threshold ranged from 0.40 to 0.99 for the transpiration rate and from 0.32 to 0.97 for the development and growth variables. Little or no changes in the FTSW threshold were detected in response to changes in atmospheric VPD. Both Eucalyptus species presented a conservation strategy under drought stress. In addition, water-conserving mechanisms during the seedling phase were related to rapid stomatal closure, reduced leaf area, and number of leaves.

关键词： Soil water deficit Fraction of transpirable soil water Transpiration Seedling growth Vapor pressure deficit

Serological Evidence of Human Coinfection by Brazilian Spotted Fever and Bartonellosis

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International journal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第11期7卷 766-770页

作者： Otília Lupi Eula carvalho Tatiana Rozental Alexsandra Rodrigues de Mendonça Favacho Elba Regina Sampaio de Lemos Patricia Brasil Laboratório de Doenças Febris Agudas Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI) Funda&ccedil&atildeo Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC) Funda&ccedil&atildeo Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Brazilian spotted fever and bartonellosis are zoonotic, emerging and under diagnosed diseases. Pets may be co-infected by multiple pathogens and become transmissions sources to humans. The study reports the first case of active co-infection by Brazilian spotted fever and bartonellosis based on serological evidence. The authors aim to demonstrate the importance of performing systematic syndromic investigations on nonspecific febrile syndromes, guided by the epidemiological history and considering the possibility of co-infection by zoonosis sharing the same ecological niche.

关键词： Rickettsia rickettsia Bartonella henselae Brazilian Spotted Fever Bartonellosis Co-Infection

Effect of rare-earth oxides on properties of silicon nitride obtained by normal sintering and sinter-HIP

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journal of Rare Earths 2012年第11期30卷 1177-1183页

作者： Cecilia C.Guedes-Silva Flávio Machado de Souza carvalho josé Carlos Bressiani Nuclear and Energy Research Institute-IPEN/CNEN Geoscience Institute-IGC/USP

This paper presented the microstructure, mechanical properties and oxidation behavior of silicon nitride obtained by both conventional sintering and sintering followed by hot isostatic pressing （HIP）. Silicon nitride with additives such as 5 wt.% Al2O3 and 5 wt.% Ln203 （Ln= La, La concentrate, Gd or La＋Gd） were studied. The results revealed that Gd203 additions increased the formation of elongated grains of β-Si3N4, the fracture toughness and oxidation resistance. La2O3 additions led to higher densification and hardness values, while addition of La2O3 concentrate promoted the formation of materials with intermediate properties, compared to the other studied compositions. Hot isostatic pressing increased the hardness but decreased the fracture toughness of the material, mainly because it allowed residual pores to close and also reduced the average aspect ratio of β-Si3N4 grains.

关键词： rare earths silicon nitride properties normal sintering sinter-HIP

The Gender Patenting Gap: A Study on the Iberoamerican Countries

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journal of Data and Information Science 2020年第3期5卷 116-128页

作者： Danilo S.carvalho Lydia Bares Kelyane Silva Center for Technological Development in Health(CDTS) Oswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of General Economics University of Cadiz Av.Enrique Villegas Velez211002CadizSpain Intellectual Property Academy Brazilian National Institute of Industrial PropertyRio de JaneiroBrazil

Purpose: This work presents a study on the female involvement in patent applications in all 23 Ibero-American countries that are WIPO members, in order to measure gender inequalities in institutional collaborations and technological fields, across ***/methodology/approach: The data used in this paper come from EPO Worldwide Patent Statistical Database(PATSTAT). PATSTAT contains bibliographical data relating to more than 100 million patent documents from leading industrialized and developing countries, as well as legal event data from more than 40 patent authorities contained in the EPO worldwide legal event data(INPADOC). The extracted subset is composed of 150,863 patent applications with priority years between 2007 and ***: Our observations indicate that even in more dynamic economies such as Portugal and Spain, the participation of women per patent applications does not exceed 30%. Additionally, the distribution of female participation among institutional sectors and technological fields is consistent with previous studies in other regions and indicate a socio-cultural *** limitations: Unisex names were not considered and were counted as gender unknown, and patent applications for which no inventor information was available were discarded, but further effort of data analysis may provide more information about gender *** implications: While patents are imperfect variables of inventive step and therefore should be considered as a variable proxy of innovation, our findings may help to guide the implementation of policies for balancing gender participation in innovative activities, as well as instigating research into the issues causing divisive participation along gender ***/value: While there is a widespread effort into evaluating and improving the participation of groups recognized as minorities within state-of-the-art activities, research about women participation in the innovation sector is fragmente

关键词： Gender I beroamerica Patent statistic

Lidocaine in fibromyalgia:A systematic review

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World journal of Psychiatry 2022年第4期12卷 615-622页

作者： jozélio Freire de carvalho Thelma L Skare Health Sciences Institute Federal University of BahiaSalvador 40231-300Brazil Rheumatology Unit Evangélico Mackenzie HospitalCuritiba 80730-420Brazil

BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia(FM)patients are treated with antidepressants,and in most cases,these drugs lose efficacy or present side *** lidocaine(IL)is an anesthetic drug used in some FM *** To systematically review the safety and efficacy of IL in FM *** To systematically search PubMed for articles in English,Spanish,and japanese with English Abstracts on FM and lidocaine between 1966 and February *** study was registered at *** We found only ten articles published in this field,with a total of 461 *** predominated varying from 95%to 100%in the *** varied from 40.9 to 55 years *** duration varied from 1 mo to 6.4 *** dose varied from 2 to 7.5 mg/kg via intravenous ***-up period varied from 65.7 to 90 *** outcomes,most studies used the visual analogue scale(VAS)for pain;before short-term lidocaine administration,VAS was between 6.1 and 8.1 and after treatment was between 1.7 and 4.5 *** long term lidocaine,VAS varied from 30%to 35.4%after lidocaine *** effects were observed in 0%to 39.6%of cases,they were usually mild or *** This study demonstrates the short-term effectiveness and safety of intravenous lidocaine in FM ***,more studies,including long-term follow-up,are still needed.

关键词： Lidocaine Fibromyalgia Pain Intravenous infusions

Cryptic diversity within three South American whip spider species(Arachnida, Amblypygi)

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Zoological Research 2020年第5期41卷 595-598页

作者： Florian Reveillion Remi Wattier Sophie Montuire Leonardo Sousa carvalho Loic Bollache Universite de Bourgogne Franche Comte Dijon 21000France Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement UMR CNRS 6249Universite de Bourgogne Franche-ComteBesangon Cedex 25030France Laboratoire Biogeosciences UMR CNRS 6282Universite de Bourgogne Franche-ComteDijon 21000France EPHE PSL UniversityParis 75014France Universidade Federal do Piaui Campus Amilcar Ferreira SobralFlorianoPiaui 64800-606Brazil

DEAR EDITOR,Cryptic diversity(CD),the presence of highly divergent phylogenetic lineages within closed morphological species,has been documented for many *** arachnid orders such as Araneae or Scorpiones are well studied and many cases of CD have been described therein;to date,however,related research on smaller arachnid orders,such as whip spiders(Amblypygi),remains lacking.

关键词： Cry whip Great

Pain management for the Nuss procedure: comparison between erector spinae plane block, thoracic epidural, and control

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World journal of Pediatric Surgery 2022年第4期5卷 223-228页

作者： Lisgelia Santana john Driggers Norman F carvalho Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management Nemours Children's HospitalOrlandoFloridaUSA Anesthesiology University of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA

Objective Pectus excavatum is a congenital deformity characterized by a caved-in chest *** requires *** less invasive Nuss procedure is very successful,but postoperative pain management is challenging and *** pain management techniques to reduce opioid reliance include the erector spinae plane(ESP)*** retrospectively examined opioid consumption after Nuss procedure comparing three pain management techniques:ESP block,thoracic epidural(TE),and patient-controlled analgesia(PCA).Methods This retrospective cohort study compared pain management outcomes of three patient ***-eight subjects aged 10–18 years underwent Nuss procedure at our institution between january 2014 and january *** primary outcome measure was opioid consumption measured in morphine milligram *** measures included pain ratings and length of stay(LOS).Pain was quantified using the Numeric Pain Rating *** of variance was performed on all outcome *** Average cumulative opioid use was significantly lower in the ESP block(67 mg)than the TE(117 mg)(p=0.0002)or the PCA group(172 mg)(p=0.0002).The ESP block and PCA groups both had a significantly shorter average LOS(3.3 and 3.7 days,respectively)than the TE group(4.7 days).ESP block performed best for reducing opioid consumption and *** opioid consumption is key for limiting side *** study supports use of ESP block as a superior choice when choosing among the three postoperative pain management options that were *** ESP resulted in reduced opioid consumption postoperatively and shorter LOS than TE or PCA for patients undergoing the Nuss procedure for surgical repair of pectus excavatum.

关键词： shorter ESP comparison