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Sexual audience affects male's reproduction investment without consequences on reproductive outputs

Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1170-1180页

作者： Philippe Louâpre Karen Muller Soline Bettencourt-Amarante Denis Thiery jérôme moreau UMr CNrS 6282 Biogeosciences UniversitéBourgogne Franche-ComtéDijonFrance INrA UMr 1065 Santéet Agroecologie du Vignoble Institut des Science de la Vigne et du VinVillenave d'OrnonCedexFrance INrA UMr 1065 SaveUniversitéde BordeauxBordeaux Sciences AgroVillenave d'OrnonCedexFrance

Males evolved plastic strategies to respond to male-male competition and exhibit adaptive traits and behaviors maximizing their access to the females and limiting sperm *** behaviors allow males to express quick responses to current sexual audience,that is,the number of nearby conspecifics prone to *** contrast,physiological responses are frequently delayed because they are constrained by the time and resources having to be mobilized to produce and export sperm and associated *** is especially critical in species for which males produce *** we investigated in what extend moth males(the tortricid moth Lobesia botrana)producing spermatophores exhibit plastic behavioral and physiological responses to different sexual audiences before and during mating and the consequences for their reproductive *** found that males adjusted their mating behaviors and spermatophore size to a potentially elevated risk of sperm competition perceived before *** addition,males responded to the closed presence of females during mating by reducing their mating ***,the various behavioral and physiological responses we highlighted here were not fully reflected in their reproductive performance as we did not reveal any effect on fecundity and fertility of their *** selective pressure exerted on males experiencing male-male competition could thus be sufficient to trigger adjustment in male mating behaviors but constrains physiological responses according to the perception of competition.

关键词： Lobesia borrund male-male compeition mating behavior sexual conflict sexual scletion sperm competition

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Surface reactivity in Tropical Highly Weathered Soils and Implications for rational Soil Management

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Pedosphere 2004年第4期14卷 409-423页

作者： r.moreau j.PETArD research Institute for Development(IrD) 911 Avenue AgropolisBP 6450134394 Montpellier Cedex 5(France).Research Institute for Development(IRD)911 Avenue AgropolisBP 6450134394 Montpellier Cedex 5(France).

Highly weathered soils are distributed in the humid and wet-dry tropics, as well as in the humid subtropics. As a result of strong weathering, these soils are characterized by low activity clays, which develop variable surface charge and related specific properties. Surface reactions regarding base exchange and soil acidification, heavy metal sorption and mobility, and phosphorus sorption and availability of the tropical highly weathered soils are reviewed in this *** controlling surface reactivity towards cations and anions, including ion exchange and specific adsorption processes, are discussed with consideration on practical implications for rational management of these soils. Organic matter content and pH value are major basic factors that should be controlled through appropriate agricultural practices, in order to optimise favorable effects of colloid surface properties on soil fertility and environmental quality.

关键词： heavy metal highly weathered soils phosphorus tropical soil management variable charge minerals

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Alleviation of Subsoil Acidity of red Soil in Southeast China with Lime and Gypsum *1

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Pedosphere 1998年第2期8卷 113-120页

作者： SUNBO r．moreau 等 InstituteofSoilScience TheChineseAcademyofSciencesP.O.Box821Nanjing210008（China） OrSTOM，911，avenu

Application of lime or gypsum is a common agricultural practice to ameliorate soils with low pH which prohibits crop production. Its integrated effect on soil properties in a red soil derived from Quaternary red clay in Southeast China is discussed in this paper. Application of gypsum in the topsoil without leaching raised soil pH and promoted the production of soil NH 4, but lime addition had a contrary effect. Generally, application of lime and/or gypsum has little effect on soil electrical properties. Gypsum had a little effect on soil exchange complex and its effect went down to 30 cm in depth. The effect of lime reached only to 5 cm below its application layer. With leaching, Ca transferred from top soil to subsoil and decreased exchangeable Al in subsoil. Gypsum application led to a sharp decrease in soil exchangeable Mg but had no effect on K.

关键词： alleviation gypsum lime red soil subsoil acidity

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Analysis of mid-spatial frequency wavefront distortions from a liquid-cooled flash-lamp pumped Nd:phosphate laser amplifier

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 24-29页

作者： Pierre-Marie Dalbies Sandy Cavaro Edouard Bordenave Nathalie Blanchot julien G.moreau jérôme Neauport CEA CESTA Le BarpFrance

Mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformation can be deleterious for the operation of high-energy laser systems. When fluid cooled high-repetition-rate amplifiers are used, the coolant flow is likely to induce such detrimental mid-spatial frequency wavefront deformations. Here, we describe the design and performance of a 90 mm × 90 mm aperture, liquid-cooled Nd:phosphate split-slab laser amplifier pumped by flash-lamps. The performance of the system is evaluated in terms of wavefront aberration and gain at repetition rates down to 1 shot per minute. The results show that this single cooled split-slab system exhibits low wavefront distortions in the medium to large period range, compatible with a focus on target, and despite the use of liquid coolant traversed by both pump and amplified wavelengths. This makes it a potential candidate for applications in large high-energy laser facilities.

关键词： flash-lamp pumping high-power laser laser cooling neodymium glass wavefront error

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Phase Invariant Proper Orthogonal Decomposition for the Study of a Compressed Vortex

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journal of Thermal Science 2005年第2期14卷 108-113页

作者： julien moreau Mark FOGLEMAN G.CHArNAY j.BOrEE Institut de Mécanique des Fluides UMr CNrS/INPT-UPS 5502 Allée du Pr Soula 31400 Toulouse FranceCornell University IthacaNew York 14853U.S.A.Institut de Mécanique des Fluides UMR CNRS/INPT-UPS 5502 Allée du Pr Soula 31400 ToulouseFranceLEA ENSMA UMR 6609 CNRS Futuroscope France

We propose here an experimental investigation of a vortex submitted to a radial perturbation while being compressed. This experiment reproduces a model situation of the complex flows that take place in a real engine cylinder. An isolated tumbling flow is first submitted to an injection of fluid and then compressed and measurements are realised by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The Proper Orthogonal Decomposition is known to be an unbiased method to identify the coherent structures of turbulent flows. It is possible to make this decomposition for a given phase or to create a set of basis functions with the whole set of compression stroke velocity ***, the experimental set-up will be presented, then the second part provides the POD principle. results of phased POD decomposition of the compression of the unperturbated vortex will be presented. Finally results from the time invariant POD will be discussed to study the influence of the jet perturbation in the compression of a vortex.

关键词： turbulence POD PIV cycle to cycle fluctuations.

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Discrete element method simulation of segregation pattern in a sinter cooler charging chute system

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Particuology 2021年第6期19卷 34-42页

作者： Edouard Izard Maxime moreau Pascal ravier Arcelor Mittal Global rfyD Voie RomaineBP3032057283 Maizieres-les-Metz CedexFrance Arcelor Mittal mediterranee 13776 Fos-sur-MerFrance

This paper presents the simulation of material flows in the large-scale charging chute of Fos-Sur-mer sinter cooler plant by using three-dimensional Discrete Element method(DEM).As a result of granular flows in the chute,segregation patterns are formed at the charging *** sinter material is modelled as dry particles and their size distribution in the simulation is larger than in the reality to keep the simulation in a reasonable run *** calibration tests are performed to specify the DEM contact parameters in order to replicate the behavior observed during experiments with the virtual sinter *** DEM model is found to be in good agreement with a segregation measurement.A sensitivity analysis using different particle sizes shows that the segregation patterns are not affected by the different sizes used for fine ***,the filling ratio in the charging system is varied in the model and shows that a high filling ratio leads to less segregation when exiting the charging *** DEM model is used to analyze the granular flows in the charging chute,understand the material behavior and optimize the sinter cooling efficiency.

关键词： Discrete element method Segregation Sinter Industrial application

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Does a shift in shade tolerance as suggested by seedling morphology explain differences in regeneration success of northern red oak in native and introduced ranges?

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journal of Forestry research 2022年第3期33卷 949-962页

作者： Peter Nosko Kerri moreau Christian Kuehne Kelly C.Major jürgen Bauhus Department of Biology and Chemistry Nipissing UniversityNorth BayONP1B 8L7Canada Chair of Silviculture Freiburg University79085FreiburgGermany Division of Forestry and Forest resources Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchP.O.Box 1151431ÅsNorway Tulloch Engineering 1942 Regent StUnit LSudburyONP3E 5V5Canada

Across North America, forests dominated by Quercus rubra L. (northern red oak), a moderately shade-tolerant tree species, are undergoing successional replacement by shade-tolerant competitors. Under closed canopies, Q. rubra seedlings are unable to compete with these shade-tolerant species and do not recruit to upper forest strata. In Europe, natural regeneration of introduced Q. rubra is often successful despite the absence of fire, which promotes regeneration in the native range. Considering that understorey light availability is a major factor affecting recruitment of seedlings, we hypothesized that Q. rubra seedlings are more shade tolerant in the introduced range than in the native range. Morphological traits and biomass allocation patterns of seedlings indicative of shade tolerance were compared for Q. rubra and three co-occurring native species in two closed-canopy forests in the native range (Ontario, Canada) and introduced range (Baden-Württemburg, Germany). In the native range, Q. rubra allocated a greater proportion of biomass to roots, while in the introduced range, growth and allocation patterns favored the development of leaves. Q. rubra seedlings had greater annual increases in height, diameter and biomass in the introduced range. Q. rubra seedlings in the introduced range were also younger;however, they had a mean area per leaf and a total leaf area per seedling that were five times greater than seedlings in the native range. Such differences in morphological traits and allocation patterns support the hypothesis that Q. rubra expresses greater shade tolerance in the introduced range, and that natural regeneration of Q. rubra is not as limited by shade as in the native range. The ability of Q. rubra seedlings to grow faster under closed canopies in Europe may explain the discrepancy in regeneration success of this species in native and introduced ranges. Future research should confirm findings of this study over a greater geographical range in native

关键词： Alien species Cross-continental study Forest regeneration Introduced species Seedling morphology Plant functional traits Quercus rubra

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Spatial distribution of Vespa velutina individuals hunting at domestic honeybee hives： heterogeneity at a local scale

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 765-774页

作者： Karine Monceau Olivier Bonnard jerome moreau Denis Thiery INrA UMR1065 Sante et Agroecologie du Vignoble F-33883 Villenave d'Omon ISVV UMR1065 Sante et Agroecologie du Vignoble Bordeaux Sciences Agro Universite de Bordeaux F-33883 Villenave d'Omon Equipe Ecologie Evolutive UMR 6282 Biogeosciences 6 Bd Gabriel Universite de Bourgogne F-21000 Dijon France

Since its recent introduction into Europe, the yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina, has become a major predator of the domestic honeybee, Apis mellifera, but little is known about its hunting behavior. We studied V. velutina hunting behavior by a capture- mark-recapture procedure in an experimental apiary. A total of 360 hornets were captured and tagged, and we determined：（i） the number of hornets visiting the apiary and the changes in time, （ii） the average number of individual visits per half-day and the time elapsed between consecutive recaptures, and （iii） the individual and global distribution of the hornets in the apiary. More than 50% of the marked hornets were recaptured at least once, this increased to 74% in considering the first marked individuals. We estimated 350 hornets visiting the patch daily with at least 1 visit per half-day. The number of marked hornets decreased over time while the number of unmarked ones increased, suggesting a turnover of individuals. The reduction of the delay between consecutive visits indicates that hornets became more efficient over time. Most of the hornets （88%） were recaptured in front of different hives but, overall, the global distribution was aggregative. Hornets were mainly recaptured in front of 1 hive which was neither the smallest nor the biggest colony, suggesting that the major cue used by hornets is not the amount of food. We hypothesize that the defensive behavior of the honeybee colony could explain our results which may be promising to further studies.

关键词： Apis mellifera capture-mark-recapture learning predation Vespidae yellow-legged hornet

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Environmental impact improvements due to introducing automation into underground copper mines

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第6期31卷 1159-1167页

作者： Kyle moreau Corey Laamanen ron Bose Helen Shang john Ashley Scott School of Engineering Laurentian UniversitySudburyON P3E 2C6Canada XPS–Glencore Greater SudburyON P0M 1S0Canada

A life-cycle assessment(LCA) model was developed to comparatively analyze the use of manual and automated mining equipment in underground copper mine *** and key variables that were determined to contribute to the environmental impact of operations were identified for six mine sites in a range of geographical locations around the *** model successfully calculated carbon dioxide(CO_(2) eq.) emissions to within 4.9% of the reported annual emissions from the site's respective *** implementation of automation was found to decrease global warming potential by a range of 11.4%-18.0% or 3.9-17.9 kg CO_(2) eq./t *** model was also used to estimate the average reductions across several impact potentials including,acidification(11.9%-17.8%),eutrophication(7.6%-13.7%),and human toxicity(16.0%-20.0%).World-wide the mining industry is moving toward introducing significantly more automation to enhance productivity and *** novel work demonstrates an important third dimension that can support this move,reduced environmental impact.

关键词： Automation Underground copper mines Environmental improvements Life cycle assessment Modelling

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Adsorption Behavior of reducing End-Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals:A Kinetic Study Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance

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journal of renewable Materials 2020年第1期8卷 29-43页

作者： Maud Chemin Céline moreau Bernard Cathala Ana Villares INrAE UR BIAF-44316NantesFrance

In this work,we studied the adsorption of modified cellulose nanocrystals onto solid surfaces by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring(QCM-D).Cellulose nanocrystals obtained from tunicate(CNC)were modified at reducing end by amidation *** different functionalities were investigated:a polyamine dendrimer(CNC-NH_(2)),which interacts with gold surface by the amine groups;and a biotin moiety(CNC-Biot),which has a strong affinity for the protein streptavidin(SAV).QCM-D results revealed different adsorption behaviors between modified and unmodified ***,unmodified CNCs covered almost all the surface forming a rigid and flat layer whereas reducing end modified CNCs remained rather upright forming a hydrated and viscoelastic layer with lower surface *** analysis of adsorption kinetics allowed the calculation of an apparent collision rate factor,which resulted 10-fold higher for unmodified CNCs compared to reducing end modified CNCs,therefore,demonstrating the different adsorption behavior.

关键词： Cellulose nanocrystals amidation reducing-end modification Voight model collision rate efficiency factor rate constant

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