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An Empirical Analysis of SINO-PAK Bilateral Trade Performance ——Based on the Gravity Model of Trade

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An Empirical Analysis of SINO-PAK Bilateral Trade Performanc...

作者： sham SUNDER 南京理工大学

学位级别：硕士

Pakistan and China enjoy a cordial relationship over the *** decades-long history of friendly relationship in both countries bore the fruits in the form of Pakistan–China free-trade agreement（PCFTA）in 2006 signed in Nov.2006 and effect from july *** primary purpose of the study is to analyses Pakistan’s bilateral trade performance and influence of this Free Trade Agreement（FTA）with China and also its FTA partner nations by implementing gravity model of trade in a balanced panel dataset dealing with the period *** model used for the analysis of data which is a typically used tool for the evaluation of bilateral trade activities and also showed to be useful in describing bilateral trade of Pakistan with China and with all Free Trade Agreement（FTA）-partner countries by higher values of *** outcomes showed that GDP,trade openness in each country,WTO and the shared border nations positively influenced on Pakistan’s bilateral trade with all FTA-partner nations,while distance and inflation showed a negative relation towards trade *** additionally specified that the overall Trade Agreements PTAs impact on bilateral trade of Pakistan along with its FTA-partner nations is strongly significant and *** have also estimated enormous Pakistan’s trade potential just in case of *** Pakistan also can lessen its total trade deficit by deflecting its exports out of traditional or conventional destinations towards China,and it is a market of over millions of *** can be accomplished by boosting private sector of Pakistan to improve its business procedures and policies,spend money on innovative work,enhance human capital,look for international quality accreditations,and furthermore meet quality criteria as anticipated by the *** sectors of Pakistan,as well as exporters,must take on new steps to increase and maximize the exports to China and to generate sensible equality in the bilateral trading relationshi

关键词： Bilateral Trade Gravity Model Free Trade Agreement Panel Data China and Pakistan

Rational use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders

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World journal of Stem Cells 2019年第2期11卷 55-72页

作者： Qiang Liu Mo-Xian Chen Lin Sun Chloe U Wallis jian-Song Zhou Li-juan Ao Qi Li Pak C sham Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Rehabilitation Kunming Medical University Department of Psychology Weifang Medical University Medical Sciences Division University of Oxford Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Department of Psychiatry the University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Center for Genomic Sciences the University of Hong Kong

Autism and autism spectrum disorders(ASD) refer to a range of conditions characterized by impaired social and communication skills and repetitive behaviors caused by different combinations of genetic and environmental influences. Although the pathophysiology underlying ASD is still unclear, recent evidence suggests that immune dysregulation and neuroinflammation play a role in the etiology of ASD. In particular, there is direct evidence supporting a role for maternal immune activation during prenatal life in neurodevelopmental conditions. Currently, the available options of behavioral therapies and pharmacological and supportive nutritional treatments in ASD are only symptomatic. Given the disturbing rise in the incidence of ASD, and the fact that there is no effective pharmacological therapy for ASD, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic options. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) possess immunomodulatory properties that make them relevant to several diseases associated with inflammation and tissue damage. The paracrine regenerative mechanisms of MSCs are also suggested to be therapeutically beneficial for *** the underlying pathology in ASD, including immune system dysregulation and inflammation, represent potential targets for MSC therapy. This review willfocus on immune dysfunction in the pathogenesis of ASD and will further discuss the therapeutic potential for MSCs in mediating ASD-related immunological disorders.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorders Mesenchymal stem cells Major histocompatibility complex Inflammation Maternal immune activation Cell therapy

The role of gene variants in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders as revealed by next generation sequencing studies:a review

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2017年第1期6卷 245-255页

作者： Shirley Yin-Yu Pang Kay-Cheong Teo jacob Shujui Hsu Richard Shek-Kwan Chang Miaoxin Li Pak-Chung sham Shu-Leong Ho Division of Neurology Department of MedicineQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Centre for Genomic Sciences University of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Medical Genetics Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control(SYSU) Ministry of EducationGuangzhouPeople’s Republic of China

The clinical diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders based on phenotype is difficult in heterogeneous conditions with overlapping *** does not take into account the disease etiology or the highly variable clinical course even amongst patients diagnosed with the same *** advent of next generation sequencing(NGS)has allowed for a system-wide,unbiased approach to identify all gene variants in the genome *** the plethora of new genes being identified,genetic rather than phenotype-based classification of Mendelian diseases such as spinocerebellar ataxia(SCA),hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP)and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease(CMT)has become widely *** has also become clear that gene variants play a role in common and predominantly sporadic neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease(PD)and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).The observation of pleiotropy has emerged,with mutations in the same gene giving rise to diverse phenotypes,which further increases the complexity of phenotype-genotype *** mechanisms of pleiotropy include different downstream effects of different mutations in the same gene,presence of modifier genes,and oligogenic *** directions include development of bioinformatics tools and establishment of more extensive public genotype/phenotype databases to better distinguish deleterious gene variants from benign polymorphisms,translation of genetic findings into pathogenic mechanisms through in-vitro and in-vivo studies,and ultimately finding disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Next generation sequencing Neurodegenerative diseases Genetics Pleiotropy

Intensity modulated radiotherapy （IMRT） and combined chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Intensity modulated radiotherapy （IMRT） and combined chemo...

Coagulation factors and the incidence of COVID-19 severity:Mendelian randomization analyses and supporting evidence

第三届中国肿瘤学术大会

作者： jonathan sham Dora Kwong Daniel Chua Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong Kong Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong Kong Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong Kong

＜正＞ The adoption of the 1997 stage classification of AjC for nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC）has allowed not only betterprediction of prognosis,but also allowed grouping of patients with different patterns of failure after treatment. Chua et al had analyzed the different stage sub—groups and the pattern of *** information,together with theadvances in radiotherapy and combination chemotherapy,allowed the adoption of different strategies to deal with the differentpatterns of failure.

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第7期6卷 1976-1978页

作者： Yao Zhou Xinyi Qian Zipeng Liu Hongxi Yang Tong Liu Kexin Chen Yaogang Wang Pak Chung sham Ying Yu Mulin jun Li The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina Centre for PanorOmic Sciences-Genomics and Bioinformatics Cores The University of Hong KongHong KongChina National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina

Dear Editor,The evolving pandemic of coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19),is arousing alarm to public *** to epidemiological and observational investigations,coagulopathy was frequently seen in severe COVID-19 *** coagulation factors such as D-dimer,prothrombin time(PT);von Willebrand factor(VWF),platelet count,and fibrinogen were documented to be important predictors of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in many retrospective observational studies and were substantially discussed before(see Supplementary Notes),yet the causality from specific coagulation factors to the incidence of COVID-19 severity and the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

关键词： severity supporting Notes

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AutoCAD 2000高级定制

Adipo Fascio Cutaneous Perforator Based, Shape Modified Radial Forearm Flap: Vascular Analysis of Perforators &Its Clinical Applications in Head &Neck Reconstruction

丛书名： Autodesk设计技术丛书

2001年

作者：（美）sham Tickoo 辛洪兵等译

本书详细阐述了AutoCAD 2000的各种定制技巧，包括创建样板图形，编写命令文件，编辑现有的菜单，编写形文件和文本文件、建立新线型与填充图案，定义新命令等内容。

ISBN: (纸本)7111086392

关键词：制图程序

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International journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2018年第5期7卷 268-286页

作者： Ehtaih sham jaumie A. Masia Thyagaraj jayaram Reddy Department of Plastic Craniofacial & Reconstructive Surgery Hospital Sant Pau University Autonoma De Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences Bangalore India

Resume of the study & Background: Radial forearm free flap with all its present day modifications is the workhorse of soft tissue reconstruction. Although there are several advantages, it requires sacrifice of a major artery of forearm. Several modifications are described in harvesting a forearm flap. In order to achieve a reliable, safe flap harvest & design one must have a very clear understanding of radial artery perforators, relative to its distribution, territory & flow. The purpose of this study is to determine the location, size & vascular territory of the radial artery cutaneous perforators & to demonstrate application of shape modification of radial forearm free flap based on its distal & proximal perforators in various head & neck defects. Materials & Methods: Anatomical Study: 12 fresh human cadavers & 24 cadaveric forearms were dissected to determine the number, location, size & vascular territory of radial artery perforator. The cutaneous territory of distally dominant perforators was analyzed using methylene blue injections & three-dimensional computed tomographic angiogram to determine the vascular network. Clinical Study: 15 patients with various head neck defects following oncological resections were reconstructed with shape modified adipo-fascio cutaneous free forearm flap. All these patients were prospectively followed for donor site healing, motor & sensory nerve deficit, function & quality of life questioner for donor site assessment. Results: 12 fresh human cadavers & 24 cadaveric forearms were dissected, and a total of 222 perforators were dissected for an average of 18.5 perforators per forearm. 118 were smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter (53.15%) & were not clinically significant. 104 perforators were greater than 0.5 mm in diameter (46.84%) & were clinically significant. 127 perforators (57.20%) were radially distributed & 95 perforators (42.79%) had ulnar distribution. 90 perforators (40.54%) were identified on distal side (Radial styloid) &

关键词： Vascular Anatomy Angio Computed Tomography Perforator Flap Radial Artery Reconstruction Vascularization

TiO_2在Al_2O_3表面上分散状态的AEM研究

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物理化学学报 1990年第4期6卷 474-479页

作者：魏昭彬辛勤 sham E.L. Grange P. Delwon B. 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所比利时新鲁汶天主教大学

本文运用AEM方法考察了制备技术对TiO_2在Al_2O_3表面分散状态的影响.发现嫁接法可使TiO_2非常均匀地分散在Al_2O_3表面上,浸渍法也能得到较为均匀的TiO_2分布,而沉淀法所得到的TiO_2分散度较差.TiO_3只聚集在Al_20_3表面上的局部区域。

关键词：二氧化钛分散态 Al2O3表面 AEM

Interleukin-18 levels in the hippocampus and behavior of adult rat offspring exposed to prenatal restraint stress during early and late pregnancy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第9期15卷 1748-1756页

作者： Mo-Xian Chen Qiang Liu Shu Cheng Lei Lei Ai-jin Lin Ran Wei Tomy C.K.Hui Qi Li Li-juan Ao Pak C.sham School of Rehabilitation Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Rehabilitation China Resources&WISCO General HospitalWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina Institute of Basic Medicine Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanShandong ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Centre for Genomic Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Exposure to maternal stress during prenatal life is associated with an increased risk of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety, in offspring. It has also been increasingly observed that prenatal stress alters the phenotype of offspring via immunological mechanisms and that immunological dysfunction, such as elevated interleukin-18 levels, has been reported in cultures of microglia. Prenatal restraint stress(PRS) in rats permits direct experimental investigation of the link between prenatal stress and adverse outcomes. However, the majority of studies have focused on the consequences of PRS delivered in the second half of pregnancy, while the effects of early prenatal stress have rarely been examined. Therefore, pregnant rats were subjected to PRS during early/middle and late gestation(days 8–14 and 15–21, respectively). PRS comprised restraint in a round plastic transparent cylinder under bright light(6500 lx) three times per day for 45 minutes. Differences in interleukin-18 expression in the hippocampus and in behavior were compared between offspring rats and control rats on postnatal day 75. We found that adult male offspring exposed to PRS during their late prenatal periods had higher levels of anxiety-related behavior and depression than control rats, and both male and female offspring exhibited higher levels of depression-related behavior, impaired recognition memory and diminished exploration of novel objects. Moreover, an elevated level of interleukin-18 was observed in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus of male and female early-and late-PRS offspring rats. The results indicate that PRS can cause anxiety and depression-related behaviors in adult offspring and affect the expression of interleukin-18 in the hippocampus. Thus, behavior and the molecular biology of the brain are affected by the timing of PRS exposure and the sex of the offspring. All experiments were approved by the Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee at Kunming Medical U

关键词： behavior depression dorsal hippocampus interleukin-18 prenatal restraint stress recognition memory sex ventral hippocampus