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Single-operator cholangioscopy for biliary complications in liver transplant recipients

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第22期23卷 4064-4071页

作者： Anna Hüsing-Kabar Hauke Sebastian Heinzow Hartmut Hans-jürgen schmidt Carina Stenger Hans Ulrich Gerth Michele Pohlen Gerold Tholking Christian Wilms Iyad Kabar Department of Transplant Medicine University Hospital Muenster Department of Medicine D Division of General Internal MedicineNephrology and RheumatologyUniversity Hospital Muenster Department of Medicine A Hematology and OncologyUniversity Hospital Muenster

To evaluate cholangioscopy in addition to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for management of biliary complications after liver transplantation (LT).METHODSTwenty-six LT recipients with duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction who underwent ERCP for suspected biliary complications between April and December 2016 at the university hospital of Muenster were consecutively enrolled in this observational study. After evaluating bile ducts using fluoroscopy, cholangioscopy using a modern digital single-operator cholangioscopy system (SpyGlass DS™) was performed during the same procedure with patients under conscious sedation. All patients received peri-interventional antibiotic prophylaxis and bile was collected during the intervention for microbial analysis and for antibiotic susceptibility ***-three biliary complications were found in a total of 22 patients, whereas four patients showed normal bile ducts. Anastomotic strictures were evident in 14 (53.8%) patients, non-anastomotic strictures in seven (26.9%), biliary cast in three (11.5%), and stones in six (23.1%). A benefit of cholangioscopy was seen in 12 (46.2%) patients. In four of them, cholangioscopy was crucial for selective guidewire placement prior to planned intervention. In six patients, biliary cast and/or stones failed to be diagnosed by ERCP and were only detectable through cholangioscopy. In one case, a bile duct ulcer due to fungal infection was diagnosed by cholangioscopy. In another case, signs of bile duct inflammation caused by acute cholangitis were evident. One patient developed post-interventional cholangitis. No further procedure-related complications occurred. Thirty-seven isolates were found in bile. Sixteen of these were gram-positive (43.2%), 12 (32.4%) were gram-negative bacteria, and Candida species accounted for 24.3% of all isolated microorganisms. Interestingly, only 48.6% of specimens were sensitive to prophylactic ***-operator c

关键词： Cholangioscopy Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Liver transplantation Biliary complications Biliary strictures

Application of dynamic image analysis to the optical characterisation of fibrous bulk material

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 51-60页

作者： johannes Lunewski Eberhard schmidt Institute of Particle Technology University of WuppertalGermany

Dynamic image analysis provides an automated evaluation method to determine the size and shape of multiple particles. This method represents a common application for ordinary bulk material. The latest draft of ISO 13322–2:2021 describes the state of the art, but lacks instructions for handling fibrous bulk material. Interlocking fibres complicate the measurement conditions and require a disentanglement of fibrous samples during a pre-dispersion step. A further error source includes the fibre orientation inside the measurement zone of the device. If the thresholding algorithm fails to differentiate between the fibre projection area and the background, a subsequent image optimisation solves the problem. This article addresses the mentioned problems by analysing cotton cellulose and polyacrylonitrile fibres. Besides the execution of a pre-dispersion step, the experiments compare the discrepancies between dry and wet dispersion. Here, the software packages PAQXOS and Imagej perform the image evaluation. In this case, the wet dispersion setup with a subsequent image evaluation by Imagej provides comprehensible results.

关键词： Bootstrap method Dynamic image analysis Fibre diameter Fibre length distribution Natural fibres Synthetic fibres

Mechanistic modeling of copper corrosions in data center environments

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 483-492页

作者： Rui Zhang jianshun Zhang Roger schmidt jeremy L.Gilbert Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer ScienceSyracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Buildings and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA SyracuseCoE-New York Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems Syracuse University727 E.Washington StreetSyracuseNY13244USA Department of Bioengineering Clemson UniversityClemson-Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering ProgramCharlestonSC29425USA

Air-side economizers are increasingly used to take advantage of“free-cooling”in data centers with the intent of reducing the carbon footprint of ***,they can introduce outdoor pollutants to indoor environment of data centers and cause corrosion damage to the information technology *** evaluate the reliability of information technology equipment under various thermal and air-pollution conditions,a mechanistic model based on multi-ion transport and chemical reactions was *** model was used to predict Cu corrosion caused by Cl_(2)-containing pollutant *** also accounted for the effects of temperature(25℃and 28℃),relative humidity(50%,75%,and 95%),and *** also identified higher air temperature as a corrosion barrier and higher relative humidity as a corrosion accelerator,which agreed well with the experimental *** average root mean square error of the prediction was 13.7Å.The model can be used to evaluate the thermal guideline for data centers design and operation when Cl_(2)is present based on pre-established acceptable risk of corrosion in data centers’environment.

关键词： chloride pollutant mixture copper corrosion model data center temperature relative humidity synergistic effect

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2000年汉诺威世博会基督教馆

城市环境设计 2013年第7期 160-165页

作者：曼哈德·冯·格康约阿西姆·蔡斯 Klaus Frahm jürgen schmidt Heiner Leiska

如何在两个不同的地点建造一座教堂并表现出两种不同的宗教信仰?为汉诺威世博会设计的基督馆对于 gmp 来说是个小项目,但却最有趣味性。建造教堂总能有一些新的发现,为世博会服务更是如此。但将基督教和天主教两个不同的宗教信仰融入到... 详细信息

如何在两个不同的地点建造一座教堂并表现出两种不同的宗教信仰?为汉诺威世博会设计的基督馆对于 gmp 来说是个小项目,但却最有趣味性。建造教堂总能有一些新的发现,为世博会服务更是如此。但将基督教和天主教两个不同的宗教信仰融入到一个教堂中,使其成为一个世界级的标志性教堂,对 gmp 来说责任重大,同时也倍感荣幸。以上只是设计的很小一部分 :对话式设计需要一

关键词：汉诺威世博会基督教地点

The NORE1A/RASSF5 Tumor Suppressor Forms a Complex with GSK-3β to Regulate β-Catenin

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journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 60-75页

作者： M. Lee schmidt Howard Donninger Geoffrey j. Clark Department Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Louisville USA US Worldmeds LouisvilleUSA Department of Medicine University of Louisville Louisville USA Experimental Therapeutics Program James Graham Brown Cancer Center University of Louisville Louisville USA

NORE1A (RASSF5) is a tumor suppressor of the RASSF family that is often down-regulated in human tumors. NORE1A has multiple roles in controlling cellular homeostasis, one of them being regulating levels of β-catenin by binding and modulating the ubiquitin ligase substrate recognition factor β-TrCP. β-catenin is a major executor of the Wnt pathway. The ubiquitin SCF-β-TrCP ligase complex acts on a phospho-degron site in β-catenin that can be phosphorylated by GSK-3β. We now show that in addition to binding β-TrCP, NORE1A also promotes the phosphorylation of the β-catenin phospho-degron by complexing with the kinase GSK-3β. Indeed, NORE1A enhances the formation of a GSK-3β/β-TrCP complex. A structural mutant of NORE1A that retains β-TrCP binding but will no longer interact with GSK-3β inhibits the β-catenin degrading action of NORE1A. The GSK-3β interaction with NORE1A plays an important role in the biology of NORE1A as a GSK-3β inhibitor blocks NORE1A induced senescence. Thus, we identify a new role for the tumor suppressor NORE1A: The regulation of GSK-3β. GSK-3β has many other substrates including multiple transcription factors and co-activators such as p53 and the Hippo component TAZ. The work implies that NORE1A may be able to influence all of them via this new kinase scaffolding interaction.

关键词： RAS NORE1A RASSF5 GSK-3β Beta Catenin HIPPO

Assessing risks and uncertainties in forest dynamics under different management scenarios and climate change

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第3期2卷 169-189页

作者： Matthias Albert jan Hansen jürgen Nagel Matthias schmidt Hermann Spellmann Northwest German Forest Research Station

Background: Forest management faces a climate induced shift in growth potential and increasing current and emerging new risks. Vulnerability analysis provides decision support based on projections of natural resources taking risks and uncertainties into account. In this paper we(1) characterize differences in forest dynamics under three management scenarios,(2) analyse the effects of the three scenarios on two risk factors, windthrow and drought stress, and(3) quantify the effects and the amount of uncertainty arising from climate projections on height increment and drought ***: In four regions in northern Germany, we apply three contrasting management scenarios and project forest development under climate change until 2070. Three climate runs(minimum, median, maximum) based on the emission scenario RCP 8.5 control the site-sensitive forest growth functions. The minimum and maximum climate run define the range of prospective climate ***: The projections of different management regimes until 2070 show the diverging medium-term effects of thinnings and harvests and long-term effects of species conversion on a regional scale. Examples of windthrow vulnerability and drought stress reveal how adaptation measures depend on the applied management path and the decision-maker’s risk attitude. Uncertainty analysis shows the increasing variability of drought risk projections with time. The effect of climate projections on height growth are quantified and uncertainty analysis reveals that height growth of young trees is dominated by the age-trend whereas the climate signal in height increment of older trees is ***: Drought risk is a serious issue in the eastern regions independent of the applied silvicultural scenario,but adaptation measures are limited as the proportion of the most drought tolerant species Scots pine is already high. Windthrow risk is no serious overall threat in any region, but adequate counter-measures such as spec

关键词： Climate change Silvicultural management strategies

The impact of salps(Salpa thompsoni)on the Antarctic krill population(Euphausia superba):an individual-based modelling study

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 680-695页

作者： Bruno Walter Pietzsch Aaron schmidt jürgen Groeneveld Dominik Bahlburg Bettina Meyer Uta Berger Faculty of Environmental Sciences Institute of Forest Growth and Forest Computer SciencesTechnische Universität Dresden01062 DresdenGermany Department of Ecological Modelling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZLeipzigGermany Section Polar Biological Oceanography Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhavenGermany Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment(ICBM) Carl-Von-Ossietzky UniversityOldenburgGermany Helmholtz Institute for Marine Functional Biodiversity(HIFMB) OldenburgGermany

Background Krill(Euphausia superba)and salps(Salpa thompsoni)are key macrozooplankton grazers in the Southern Ocean ***,due to differing habitat requirements,both species previously exhibited little spatial *** ongoing climate change-induced seawater temperature increase and regional sea ice loss,salps can now extend their spatial distribution into historically krill-dominated areas and increase rapidly due to asexual reproduction when environmental conditions are *** the potential effects on krill is crucial,since krill is a species of exceptional trophic significance in the Southern Ocean food *** impacts on krill could trigger cascading effects on its predators and *** address this question,we combined two individual-based models on salps and krill,which describe the whole life cycle of salp individuals and the dynamic energy budget of individual *** resulting new model PEKRIS(PErformance of KRIll ***)simulates a krill population for 100 years under varying chlorophyll-a concentrations in the presence or absence of *** All of the investigated krill population properties(abundance,mean length,and yearly egg production)were significantly impacted by the presence of *** the other hand,salp density was not impacted if krill were *** medians of krill population properties deviated during variable maximum chlorophyll-a density per year when salps were introduced by−99.9%(−234 individuals per 1000 m3)for krill density,−100%(−22,062 eggs per 1000 m3)for krill eggs and−0.9%(−0.3 mm)for mean length of *** If both species compete for the same food resource in a closed space,salps seem to inhibit krill *** simulation studies should investigate whether this effect prevails if different phytoplankton sizes and consumption preferences of krill are ***,direct predation of the two species or consumption of krill fecal pellets by salps could c

关键词： Euphausia superba Salpa thompsoni Individual-based model Food competition Population dynamics DEB theory

Concise Synthesis of Lactococcus garvieae Lipoteichoic Acids Through an Additive-Modulated Preactivation Protocol and the Immunological Studies

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 403-414页

作者： Tianlu Li Tong Li Yue Yang Haoru Zhuang jianwu Lv Ning Zhou Miaomiao Zhang Fengshan Wang Yiqun Geng Richard R.schmidt Peng Peng National Glycoengineering Research Center Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and GlycobiologyNMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate Based MedicineShandong UniversityQingdao 266237 State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050 Department of Chemistry University of KonstanzD-78457 Konstanz

Lipoteichoic acids(LTAs)are macroamphiphiles composed of alditol,lipid,phosphate,and carbohydrate *** to their inherent complexity,it is a severe challenge to access LTAs with structural integrity from natural sources for biological or immunological ***,we describe the first total synthesis of Lactococcus garvieae LTA(type II LTA),containing five distinct 1,2-cis gluco/galactopyranosidic linkages,via a novel additive-modulated O-glycosyl trichloroacetimidate preactivation glycosidation *** strategy features(1)high glycosidation yields and excellent 1,2-cis stereoselectivities independent of the donor anomeric configuration,(2)common and inexpensive reagents as promoters and additives,(3)application to standard glycosyl imidate donors without resorting to participating protection,and(4)general application to reactive and less reactive glycosyl ***,via the precise stereocontrolled construction of three galactopyranosidic and two glucopyranosidic bonds on a multigram scale,a series of structurally well-defined LTA molecules were successfully *** evaluation of these type II synthetic LTAs showed a structure–activity relationship in the stimulation of a proinflammatory response.

关键词： 1,2-cis glycosidation stereoselectivity lipoteichoic acid total synthesis additive-modulated trichloroacetimidate glycosidation immune response

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语法惊异——论语言戏剧化的认知情感机制

当代语言学 2024年第3期26卷 317-335页

作者：井茁俄勒冈大学东亚语言文学系

在日常生活中,戏剧化的语言呈现令人惊的事件、表达强烈的情感体验。那么戏剧化的语言有哪些特征?其戏剧性又从何而来呢?继“戏剧化语言”这一概念提出以来,汉语语言学界对相关现象的研究不断深入,不仅分析了语言戏剧性在汉语词汇句法... 详细信息

在日常生活中,戏剧化的语言呈现令人惊的事件、表达强烈的情感体验。那么戏剧化的语言有哪些特征?其戏剧性又从何而来呢?继“戏剧化语言”这一概念提出以来,汉语语言学界对相关现象的研究不断深入,不仅分析了语言戏剧性在汉语词汇句法上的表现,而且从戏曲审美和戏剧语言的角度发掘、论述了汉语特有的戏剧化模式与手段。这些研究成果进一步深化拓展了语言主观性研究的理论视野。同时,戏剧化语言作为一个理论构建还有待进一步界定和锤炼。本文拟从信息的情感认知层面探讨语言的戏剧性和戏剧化机制,提出“语法惊异”这一理论构建,即创造性的语法逾矩所产生的惊异情感认知体验在语言体系中的凝结、更新、再创造。我们认为,语法惊异作为戏剧性语言的心理基础,在理论上补充了先前提出的以认知显著性和情感表达力为标志的戏剧化语言命题。文章以汉语、英语和德语为例,从语法惊异的视角阐释语言戏剧性的具身性,并探讨语言类型学特征对语法惊异编码的制约。

关键词：戏剧化语法惊异主观构建具身性类型学