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Coarse to Fine: The role of Severe Plastic Deformation in Advancing Titanium-based medical Implants - A Comprehensive review

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journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana r Mihajlović bojan I međo Ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko r Djokić Faculty of Technology and metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-National Institute of the republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electrochemical anodization physical properties mechanical properties

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Energy Efficient Clustering and Sink Mobility Protocol Using Hybrid Golden jackal and Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Improving Network Longevity in WSNs

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China Communications 2025年第03期 16-35页

作者： S b Lenin r Sugumar j S Adeline johnsana N Tamilarasan r Nathiya Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Sri Manakula Vinayagar Engineering College Department of CSE FET-Jain University Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Sri Indu College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Sri Indu College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University

reliable Cluster Head(CH) selectionbased routing protocols are necessary for increasing the packet transmission efficiency with optimal path discovery that never introduces degradation over the transmission reliability. In this paper, Hybrid Golden jackal, and Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm(HGjIWOA) is proposed as an effective and optimal routing protocol that guarantees efficient routing of data packets in the established between the CHs and the movable sink. This HGjIWOA included the phases of Dynamic Lens-Imaging Learning Strategy and Novel Update rules for determining the reliable route essential for data packets broadcasting attained through fitness measure estimation-based CH selection. The process of CH selection achieved using Golden jackal Optimization Algorithm(GjOA) completely depends on the factors of maintainability, consistency, trust, delay, and energy. The adopted GjOA algorithm play a dominant role in determining the optimal path of routing depending on the parameter of reduced delay and minimal distance. It further utilized Improved Whale Optimisation Algorithm(IWOA) for forwarding the data from chosen CHs to the bS via optimized route depending on the parameters of energy and distance. It also included a reliable route maintenance process that aids in deciding the selected route through which data need to be transmitted or re-routed. The simulation outcomes of the proposed HGjIWOA mechanism with different sensor nodes confirmed an improved mean throughput of 18.21%,sustained residual energy of 19.64% with minimized end-to-end delay of 21.82%, better than the competitive CH selection approaches.

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biopolymer Decorated Pencil Graphite Electrode for the In-situ Quantification of L-Tryptophan in Dietary Supplements

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journal of Analysis and Testing 2025年第01期 82-95页

作者： V.Devika P.j.Sreelekshmi b.Vedhanarayanan Sandhya Sadanandan r.rejithamol Department of Chemistry Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Graduate School of Science Chiba University Department of Chemistry School of Advanced SciencesVIT-AP University

A simplistic and novel electrochemical sensor for selectively detecting the essential amino acid tryptophan in dietary supplements was fabricated on a pencil graphite electrode modified with a tryptophan-based dipeptide. The dipeptide was synthesized using common synthetic strategy for amino acid couplings. The modified electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and infrared spectroscopy. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical response of the fabricated electrode to tryptophan in dietary supplements. Under the optimized experimental conditions, a distinct oxidation peak at + 0.671 V corresponding to tryptophan was noticed in differential pulse voltammetry, which indicated the detection of tryptophan by the fabricated electrode. The oxidation peak current for tryptophan was found to be linear within a concentration range of 10–350 μM with a lower detection limit of 1.2 μM, and the sensitivity of the fabricated electrode was 6.9 μA/μM/cm 2. Excellent selectivity, permissible reproducibility, and good stability of the sensor make it undoubtedly suitable for determining tryptophan in dietary supplements.

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Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.brown rafael j.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi r.Fuller School of Pharmacy and bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

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The effect of adsorbent textural and functional properties on model naphthenic acid adsorption

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 27-37页

作者： Tyler M.roy Elmira Nazari Oliver K.L.Strong Paul r.Pede Andrew j.Vreugdenhil Material Science Department of ChemistryTrent University1600 West BankPeterboroughOntario K9L 0G2Canada Carbonix 690 Mountain RdSuite 200Fort William First NationOntario P7J 1G8Canada

Naphthenic acids,NAs,are a major contaminant of concern and a focus of much research around remediation of oil sand process affected waters,*** activated carbon adsorbents are an attractive option given their low cost of fabrication and implementation.A deeper evaluation of the effect NA structural differences have on uptake affinity is *** we provide an in-depth exploration of NA adsorption including many more model NA species than have been assessed previously with evaluation of adsorption kinetics and isotherms at the relevant alkaline pH of OSPW using several different carbon adsorbents with pH buffering to simulate the behaviour of real *** for the NA varied considerably regardless of the activated carbon used,ranging from 350 mg/g to near zero highlighting recalcitrant *** equilibrium data was explored to identify structural features of these species and key physiochemical properties that influence *** found that certainNAwill be resistant to adsorptionwhen hydrophobic adsorbents are *** isotherm modelling helped explore interactions occurring at the interface between NA and adsorbent *** identified the importance of NA hydrophobicity for activated carbon *** is also presented that indicates favorable hydrogen bonding between certain NA and surface site hydroxyl groups,demonstrating the importance of adsorbent surface functionality for NA *** research highlights the challenges associated with removing NAs from OSPW through adsorption and also identifies howadsorbent surface chemistry modification can be used to increase the removal efficiency of recalcitrant NA species.

关键词： Adsorption Activated carbon Model naphthenic acids Isotherm modelling

Mixed Integer Program for e-Wallet Security based on Suspicious Transaction Detection

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Engineering(科研) 2025年第1期17卷 155-167页

作者： Pacôme brou Kadokan Coulibaly Siaho Diomande Laboratoire des Sciences Technologiques de lInformation et de la Communication Ecole Suprieure Africaine des Technologies de lInformation et de la Communication (ESATIC) Abidjan Cte dIvoire

With the rise of digital transactions, e-Wallets have become prime targets for fraudulent activity. Early detection of suspicious transactions is therefore crucial to protect users and maintain trust in these systems. This article proposes a mathematical model based on a Mixed Integer Program (MIP) to identify and block suspicious transactions. This mathematical approach is designed to analyze e-Wallet transactions in real time by combining integer and continuous decision variables, offering greater flexibility in modeling fraud detection constraints. It considers parameters such as transaction cost, geographical location, type of device used for the transaction, IP address and other potential fraud indicators. Assigning suspicion scores to each transaction enables the model to identify risks that become habitual behavior and mark them as suspicious. Tests carried out on 10,000 digital transactions show that using PMNE significantly improves the detection of fraudulent transactions by identifying the most critical anomalies in terms of accuracy, adaptability and operational efficiency. The model also offers greater accuracy, reducing the number of false positives and false negatives, enabling faster intervention to block truly suspicious transactions.

关键词： e-Wallet PMNE Digital Transaction Suspicion Score Suspicious Transaction

Analysis of convective-radiative heat transfer in dovetail longitudinal fins with shape-dependent hybrid nanofluids: a study using the Hermite wavelet method

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Applied Mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第2期46卷 357-372页

作者： C.G.PAVITHrA b.j.GIrEESHA S.SUSHMA K.j.GOWTHAM Department of PG Studies and research in Mathematics Kuvempu University

A distinguished category of operational fluids, known as hybrid nanofluids,occupies a prominent role among various fluid types owing to its superior heat transfer properties. by employing a dovetail fin profile, this work investigates the thermal reaction of a dynamic fin system to a hybrid nanofluid with shape-based properties, flowing uniformly at a velocity U. The analysis focuses on four distinct types of nanoparticles,i.e., Al2O3, Ag, carbon nanotube (CNT), and graphene. Specifically, two of these particles exhibit a spherical shape, one possesses a cylindrical form, and the final type adopts a platelet morphology. The investigation delves into the pairing of these *** examination employs a combined approach to assess the constructional and thermal exchange characteristics of the hybrid nanofluid. The fin design, under the specified circumstances, gives rise to the derivation of a differential equation. The given equation is then transformed into a dimensionless form. Notably, the Hermite wavelet method is introduced for the first time to address the challenge posed by a moving fin submerged in a hybrid nanofluid with shape-dependent features. To validate the credibility of this research, the results obtained in this study are systematically compared with the numerical simulations. The examination discloses that the highest heat flux is achieved when combining nanoparticles with spherical and platelet shapes.

关键词： Hermite wavelet method radiation convection dovetail fin nanoparticle configuration O351.2

Knotting ligands to control metal coordination geometry

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 403-404页

作者： Fabien b.L.Cougnon Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Centre University of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland

Zinc is a metal of particular importance for life[1].It is the most abundant transition metal in biological systems after iron and contributes both structural and catalytic roles to many cellular *** properties of Zn^(Ⅱ),unlike those of any other first-row transition metal ions,explain its biological *** to its filled d-shell orbitals,Zn^(Ⅱ) is redox-stable,has a ligand-field energy stabilization of zero and,consequently,no typical coordination number and *** metalloproteins exploit these features to carry a broad range of chemical reactions in mild *** metalloenzymes,unsaturated ZnII centres often act as redox-stable Lewis *** protein backbone provides a highly preorganized environment around the metal centre and accompanies the changes in coordination geometry occurring as substrate transformation proceeds,thereby modulating the metal reactivity.

关键词： coordination geometry centre

Characterization and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds in Hong Kong:A 5-year study for three different archetypical sites

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 424-440页

作者： Yuchen Mai Vincent Cheung Peter K.K.Louie Kenneth Leung jimmy C.H.Fung Alexis K.H.Lau Donald r.b.lake Dasa Gu Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong 999077China Environment and Ecology bureau Hong Kong 999077China Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaIrvine 92617USA

Initial success has been achieved in Hong Kong in controlling primary air pollutants,but ambient ozone levels kept increasing during the past three *** organic compounds(VOCs)are important for mitigating ozone pollution as its major *** study analyzed VOC characteristics of roadside,suburban,and rural sites in Hong Kong to investigate their compositions,concentrations,and source *** showthat the TVOC concentrations were 23.05±13.24,12.68±15.36,and 5.16±5.48 ppbv for roadside,suburban,and rural sites between May 2015 to june 2019,*** using Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)model,six sources were identified at the roadside site over five years:Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)usage(33%–46%),gasoline evaporation(8%–31%),aged air mass(11%–28%),gasoline exhaust(5%–16%),diesel exhaust(2%–16%)and fuel filling(75–9%).Similarly,six sources were distinguished at the suburban site,including LPG usage(30%–33%),solvent usage(20%–26%),diesel exhaust(14%–26%),gasoline evaporation(8%–16%),aged air mass(4%–11%),and biogenic emissions(2%–5%).At the rural site,four sources were identified,including aged airmass(33%–51%),solvent usage(25%–30%),vehicular emissions(11%–28%),and biogenic emissions(6%–12%).The analysis further revealed that fuel filling and LPG usage were the primary contributors to OFP and OH reactivity at the roadside site,while solvent usage and biogenic emissions accounted for almost half of OFP and OH reactivity at the suburban and rural sites,*** findings highlight the importance of identifying and characterizing VOC sources at different sites to help policymakers develop targeted measures for pollution mitigation in specific areas.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Positive matrix factorization Source apportionment Ozone formation