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Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environmental gradients in African and North American muroid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter J.TAYLOR Aluwani NENGOVHELA Christiane dENYS Graham R.SCOTT Catherine M.ivy department of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afromontane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa department of Mammalogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systématique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance department of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielmo and Shoemaker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

Morphometric studies of 3d micro CT-scanned images can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the most diverse mammalian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extreme aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain morphology of rodents,from morphometric data from micro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African murid(soft-furred mice,Praomyini,laminate-toothed rats,Otomyini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North American cricetid.d.er mice and white-footed mice,Peromyscus)*** studies demon-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extremely arid-adapted species of Otomyini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volume(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otomyini and Peromyscus).However,contrary to our predictions,we d.d.notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system(turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulbs,between Otomyini and Gerbillinae,with extreme arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from other species in the same *** observed greater“packing”of the maxillary turbinate bones,which have important respiratory functions,in Peromyscus mice from high and low elevations compared to the high-elevation African Praomyini,but more complex patterns within Peromyscus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3d morphometrics Africa brain size North America Rodentia sensory evolution

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儿科患者的门脉性肺动脉高压

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 30-30页

作者： Condino A.A. ivy d.d. O'Connor J.A. 郭战宏 Pediatric Cardiology 1056 East 19th Avenue Denver CO 80218 United StatesDr.

To investigate the clinical presentation, manifestations, and response to therapy of portopulmonary hypertension (PPHTN) in pediatric patients. Study design: This study was a retrospective chart review describing the evaluation and course of 7 patients with PPHTN. Results: Causes of portal hypertension (HTN) includ.d.biliary atresia (3 cases), cavernous transformation of the portal vein (2 cases), and primary sclerosing cholangitis and cryptogenic cirrhosis (1 case each). The median interval from the diagnosis of portal HTN to PPHTN was 12.1 years. Four patients presented with a new heart murmur, 4 presented with syncope, and 3 presented with dyspnea. Although electrocardiograms (ECGs) and chest x-rays were normal in 3 and 2 patients, respectively, echocardiograms diagnosed pulmonary HTN in all 7 patients. Five patients had cardiac catheterizations; the average mean pulmonary artery pressure was 65 ± 20 mmHg. Response to therapy was variable, and 4 patients died. Postmortem lung tissue examination revealed plexiform lesions and pulmonary arteriopathy. Conclusions: Because symptoms are subtle and may be overlooked, pediatric patients with portal HTN who develop a new heart murmur, dyspnea, syncope, or who are being evaluated for liver transplantation require evaluation for PPHTN. ECG and chest x-ray are insensitive screens for PPHTN. An echocardiogram and cardiology evaluation is essential for the diagnosis.

关键词：儿科患者肺动脉高压脉性胆道闭锁心脏超声检查心脏杂音呼吸困难平均肺动脉压图表分析心导管检查

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Philippine retinoblastoma initiative multi-eye center study 2010-2020

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 144-156页

作者： Roland Joseph d.Tan Gary John V.Mercado Patricia E.Cabrera Paulita Pamela P.Astudillo Rolando Enrique d.d.mingo Josept Mari S.Poblete Charmaine Grace M.Cabebe Adriel Vincent R.Te Melissa Anne S.Gonzales Jocelyn G.Sy Beltran Alexis A.Aclan Jayson T.So Fatima G.Regala Kimberley Amanda K.Comia Josemaria M.Castro Mara Augustine S.Galang Aldous dominic C.Cabanlas Benedicto Juan E.Aguilar Gabrielle S.Evangelista Jo Michael Maniwan Andrei P.Martin Calvin Y.Martinez John Alfred H.Lim Rena ivy Bascuna Rachel M.Ng Kevin B.Agsaoay Kris Zanna A.Acluba-Arao Ellaine Rose V.Apostol Beatriz M.Prieto department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines department of Ophthalmology Baguio General Hospital and Medical CenterBaguio City 2600Philippines department of Ophthalmology Manila Doctors HospitalManila 1000Philippines department of Ophthalmology Rizal Medical CenterPasig City 1600Philippines department of Ophthalmology Jose B.Lingad Memorial Regional HospitalPampanga 2000Philippines department of Ophthalmology Southern Philippines Medical CenterDavao City 8000Philippines department of Ophthalmology East Avenue Medical CenterQuezon City 1100Philippines department of Ophthalmology Northern Mindanao Medical CenterCagayan de Oro City 9000Philippines department of Ophthalmology Cebu Velez General HospitalCebu City 6000Philippines Legazpi Eye Center Legazpi City 4500Philippines department of Ophthalmology Cagayan Valley Medical CenterTuguegarao City 3500Philippines

AIM:To provide a comprehensive and more representative national data on the disease,especially on treatment options and outcomes,and to determine access of retinoblastoma patients from Luzon,Visayas and Mindanao to eye care,and.d.termine if access is associated with delay in consultation,staging and ***:Cohort study of retinoblastoma patients seen in eleven institutions located in the three major areas of the Philippines namely Luzon,Vizayas and Mindanao from ***:Totally 636 patients,involving 821 eyes,were ***(57%)were from Luzon and were seen in institutions in Luzon(72%).Annually,58±10 new cases were seen with 71%having unilateral *** delay of consultation remained long at 9(3,17)mo,longest in patients with unilateral disease(Pd those from the Visayas(Pd on the International Retinoblastoma Staging System,only 35%of patients had Stage 1 while 47%already had extraocular *** was the most common treatment received by 484 patients while intravenous chemotherapy was received by *** were 250(39%)patients alive,195(31%)dead,85(13%)abandoned,17(3%)refused and 89(14%)with no ***:This study presents the largest cohort of retinoblastoma patients in the Philippines in terms of patients’and participating institutions’number and geographical location and type of institution(private and public).It also presents more comprehensive data on the treatments used and outcomes(survival,globe salvage,and vision retention rates).delay in consultation was still long among patients leading to advanced.d.sease stage and lower survival *** increasing capacity to diagnose and manage retinoblastoma in the country,the delay of consultation remains long primarily due to accessibility issues to eye care institutions especially in the Visayas and financial *** delay was still significant that overall survival rate remain low.

关键词： retinoblastoma Philippines clinical profile

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Text Sentiment Analysis Based on Multi-Layer Bi-directional LSTM with a Trapezoidal Structure

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 639-654页

作者： Zhengfang He Cristina E.dumdumaya ivy Kim d.Machica School of Intelligent Science and Engineering Yunnan Technology and Business UniversityKunming650000China College of Information and Computing University of Southeastern PhilippinesDavao CityDavao del SurPhilippines

Sentiment analysis,commonly called opinion mining or emotion artificial intelligence(AI),employs biometrics,computational linguistics,nat-ural language processing,and text analysis to systematically identify,extract,measure,and investigate affective states and subjective *** analy-sis algorithms include emotion lexicon,traditional machine learning,and.d.ep *** the text sentiment analysis algorithm based on a neural network,multi-layer Bi-directional long short-term memory(LSTM)is widely used,but the parameter amount of this model is too ***,this paper proposes a Bi-directional LSTM with a trapezoidal structure *** design of the trapezoidal structure is derived from classic neural networks,such as LeNet-5 and *** classic models have trapezoidal-like structures,and these structures have achieved success in the field of deep *** are two benefits to using the Bi-directional LSTM with a trapezoidal *** is that compared with the single-layer configuration,using the of the multi-layer structure can better extract the high-dimensional features of the *** is that using the trapezoidal structure can reduce the model’s *** paper introduces the Bi-directional LSTM with a trapezoidal structure model in detail and uses Stanford sentiment treebank 2(STS-2)for *** can be seen from the experimental results that the trapezoidal structure model and the normal structure model have similar ***,the trapezoidal structure model parameters are 35.75%less than the normal structure model.

关键词： Text sentiment Bi-directional LSTM Trapezoidal structure

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These "thin partitions"

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作者： edited by Joshua d. Englehardt and ivy A. Rieger.

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deleterious effects of electron beam irradiation on development and reproduction of tomato/potato psyllids, Bactericera cockerelli

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Insect Science 2020年第6期27卷 1311-1321页

作者： Jiaxin Lei Jia Meng ivy WChen Weining Cheng Andrea L.Beam Md-Sajedul Islam Woodward.d.Bailey Suresh Pillai Keyan Zhu-Salzman department of Entomology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA Institute for Plant Genomics&Biotechnology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina USdA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T-CPHST MiamiFLUSA National Center for Electron Beam Research Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

The potato/tomato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli causes serious damage to several solanaceous crops by direct feeding and vectoring Cand.d.tus Liberibacter solanacearum,a bacterial *** beam(eBeam)irradiation is an environmentally friendly,chemical-free alternative method that is increasing in use for disinfestation of insect *** hypothesize that this irradiation technology will have detrimental effects on potato psyllid and thus impede its disease *** this end,we explored the effects of eBeam treatment ranging from 50 to 500 Gy on survival,development and reproduction of this *** on psyllids was apparently *** irradiated at 350 Gy,eggs could not hatch,1st instar nymphs failed to emerge,and although a small portion of irradiated 5th instar nymphs survived,the emerged adults were mostly *** in eclosed adults suggests harmful effects of eBeam on *** was seriously impaired when female psyllids were exposed to eBeam at the 5th instar nymphal or young adult stage,presumably due to inability to form *** addition,reciprocal crosses between irradiated and untreated psyllids indicated that female psyllids were more radiosensitive than males to *** together,these findings indicate that eBeam negatively impacted potato psyllid.d.velopment and reproduction,which would inevitably compromise its disease transmission capacity.A dose of 350 Gy can be considered as a reference dose for effective control of potato psyllids.

关键词： Bactericera cockerelli development electron beam(eBeam) irradiation reproductive system

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The role of bitter and sweet taste receptors in upper airway innate immunity: Recent advances and future directions

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2018年第3期4卷 200-208页

作者： ivy W.Maina Alan d.Workman Noam A.Cohen department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Division of RhinologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA Corporal Michael J.Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center PhiladelphiaPA19104USA Monell Chemical Senses Center PhiladelphiaPA19104USA

Bitter(T2R)and sweet(T1R)taste receptors have been implicated in sinonasal innate immunity and in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS).Taste receptors are expressed on several sinonasal cell types including ciliated epithelial cells and solitary chemosensory *** agonists released by pathogenic microbes elicit a T2R dependent signaling cascade which induces the release of bactericidal nitric oxide,increases mucociliary clearance,and promotes secretion of antimicrobial *** variation conferred by polymorphisms in T2R related genes is associated with differential CRS susceptibility,symptomatology and post-treatment *** recently,based on our understanding of T1R and T2R function,investigators have discovered novel potential therapeutics in T2R agonists and T1R *** review will discuss bitter and sweet taste receptor function in sinonasal immunity,explore the emerging diagnostic and therapeutic implications stemming from the most recent findings,and suggest directions for future research.

关键词： Chronic rhinosinusitis Taste Receptor Family 1(T1R) Taste Receptor Family 2(T2R) Sweet taste receptors Bitter taste receptors Innate immunity Solitary chemosensory cells Polymorphism

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Anti-proliferative effect of Annona extracts on breast cancer cells

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BIOCELL 2023年第8期47卷 1835-1852页

作者： MARIA-LUISA VEISAGA MARIAM AHUMAdA STACY SORIANO LEONARdO ACUNA WEI ZHANG ivy LEUNG ROBERT BARNUM MANUEL A.BARBIERI Biomolecular Sciences Institute Florida International UniversityMiami33199USA department of Biological Sciences Florida International UniversityMiami33199USA Biochemistry Ph.d.Program Florida International UniversityMiami33199USA Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Coral Gables33156USA International Center of Tropical Botany Florida International UniversityMiami33199USA

Backgorund:Fruits and seed extracts of Annona montana have significant cytotoxic potential in several cancer *** study evaluates the effect of *** leaves hexane extract on several signaling cascades and gene expression in metastatic breast cancer cells upon insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)***:MTT assay was performed to determine the proliferation of cancer *** iod.d. staining and flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V binding was utilized to measure the progression of the cell cycle and the induction of *** expression and phosphorylation were determined by western blotting analysis to examine the underlying cellular mechanism triggered upon treatment with *** leaves hexane ***:*** leaves hexane(subfraction V)blocked the constitutive stimulation of the PI3K/mTOR signaling *** inhibitory effect was associated with apoptosis induction as evidenced by the positivity with Annexin V and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNNEL)staining,activation of caspase-3,and cleavage of *** also limited the expression of various downstream genes that regulate proliferation,survival,metastasis,and angiogenesis(i.e.,cyclin d1,survivin,COX-2,and VEGF).It increased the expression of p53 and ***,we also observed that this extract blocked the activation of AKT and ERK without affecting the phosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor and activation of Ras upon IGF-1 ***:Our study indicates that *** leaves(sub-fraction V)extract exhibits a selective anti-proliferative and proapoptotic effect on the metastatic MdA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through the involvement of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 pathways.

关键词： Annona montana Cancer cell lines Apoptosis Anti-proliferative Cell cycle AKT mTOR

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Polymer interdigitated pillar electrostatic(PIPE)actuators

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第1期8卷 185-192页

作者： di Ni Ronald Heisser Benyamin davaji Landon ivy Robert Shepherd Amit Lal School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA

This work reports a three-dimensional polymer interdigitated pillar electrostatic actuator that can produce force densities 5-10×higher than those of biological *** theory of operation,scaling,and stability is investigated using analytical and FEM *** actuator consists of two high-density arrays of interdigitated pillars that work against a restoring force generated by an integrated flexure *** actuator architecture enables linear actuation with higher displacements and pull-in free actuation to prevent the in-use stiction associated with other electrostatic *** pillars and springs are 3d printed together in the same *** pillars are coated with a gold-palladium alloy layer to form conductive *** space between the pillars is filled with liquid.d.electrics for higher breakdown voltages and larger electrostatic forces due to the increase in the dielectric *** demonstrated a prototype actuator that produced a maximum work density of 54.6μJ/cc and an electrical-tomechanical energy coupling factor of 32%when actuated at 4000 *** device was operated for more than 100,000 cycles with no degradation in *** flexible polymer body was robust,allowing the actuator to operate even after high mechanical force impact,which was demonstrated by operation after drop *** it is scaled further,the reported actuator will enable soft and flexible muscle-like actuators that can be stacked in series and parallel to scale the resulting *** work paves the way for high-energy density actuators for microrobotic applications.

关键词： alloy electrostatic enable

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Fontan循环衰竭行心脏移植术后肺血管疾病的证据

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 56-57页

作者： Mitchell M. B. Campbell d. N. ivy d. 刘少伟

Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance may contribute to late Fontan circulati on failure but is difficult to assess in such patients. Our aims were to assess outcomes of patients with failed Fontan circulation after heart transplantation and to determine whether elevated pulmonary vascular resistance might have contr ibuted to the failure. Fifteen patients (14 Fontan circulations, 1 Kawashima cir culation) underwent transplantation. The most common indication was ventricular dysfunction(mean ventricular end.d.astolic pressure 12.5mmHg). Patients with ea rly failures(n=4) required transplantation less than 1 year after the Fontan ope ration. Those with late failures(n=11) underwent transplantation at least 1 year after the Fontan operation. Mean age at transplantation was 11.6 years. Mean Fo ntan-transplantation intervalwas 7.4 years. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure, t ranspulmonary gradient, and pulmonary vascular resistance before and after trans plantation were assessed. Paired t tests of variable differences were used to co mpare variables. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. In-hospita lmortalitywas 7%. Therewere 2 late events(1 death, 1 retransplantation) related to compliance or rejection issues. Graft survivals were 93%, 82%, and 82%at 3, 5, and 7 years, respectively. Posttransplantation pulmonary vascular resistan ce was elevated(2.0Wood units m2) in 11 of 14 survivors past initial hospitaliza tion(mean 3.3 1.7Wood unitsm2). Only patients with early Fontan failures(3 of 4) had normal posttransplantation pulmonary vascular resistance. In paired compari sons, posttransplantation transpulmonary gradient was increased by a mean of 6.8 mm Hg(P . 0001) relative to pretransplantation value. Outcomes after heart tran splantation for failed Fontan circulation were good. Mild-to-moderate pulmonar y vascular disease was evident after heart transplantation for late failure. Ele vated pulmonary vascular resistance is a likely contributor to Fontan circul

关键词：心脏移植术 Fontan循环衰竭肺血管疾病肺血管阻力再次移植移植排斥反应依从性早发性平均肺动脉压跨肺压

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